“Guys , we’re skipping lunch, Phil just dropped another one!”

Gold mine of a channel

Phil, I hope you get all of the sponsorship money in the world. You deserve it. You are the best PCB and electronics learning channel on KZfaq, bar none, and I have probably seen them all over the years. You have single-handedly pushed my own level of knowledge forward what would have otherwise taken me many, many years to attain on my own. You have my eternal respect and appreciation. Thank you ❤

Dear Phil, Thank you so much! I started watching your tutorials since earlier this year as per the requirement of my internship and now I have a job in my hand ( I am a final year EE student) before my graduation just because of your tutorials, I was able to clear interviews. Thanks a lot, I learnt a lot from your tutorials.

Thanks Phil for another helpful lesson! One additional trick I've seen is to cross a track on the top, by using a 0603 or larger component. This would be limited to slow-speed signals only. Of course, this adds components (and therefore cost) so it's useful only if you really need this. For example, the bottom can only be ground in some RF designs, as the PCB is intended to be attached to a heatsink of the same size. Or you just absolutely detest having tracks on the bottom, even when no one else will be seeing them!

Such a deep and detailed dive. I do feel though that it is almost never recommended to use a 2- layer instead of 4-layers specially for RF. But as you said your tips are also valid for PCBs with higher count layers. Really excited for your video with the two PCBs communicating. Thank you Phil.

Great video! One sneaky thing I've done with very tight designs is route GPIOs from MCUs under the chip, then out by going through an unused pin. For example if I have a SPI bus signal that can't be swapped, I'd route it via a generic GPIO that's not used in the design. Obviously this can only be done if the pin is high impedance at boot, and it can then never be used. Can save space in a pinch though! Another option is to create a custom footprint with solder mask over the pins you don't need, so you can route under them, but some PCB houses complain about it if doing the PCBA, I've found. Obviously also some routing is easier if the component is rotated 45 degrees.

"RF schtick" 🤣🤣 Thanks so much for these awesome tutorials Phil, I recently just designed my 3rd board from an ESP32-S3 bare chip, thanks to your ESP32 hardware tutorial and Unexpected Maker's open source schematics! 😊😊

Dear phill I have to say…you channel is amazing A fully mine of knowledge ❤️ Thank you so much from Israel 🇮🇱 ❤

Awesome man learned a lot from you ❤️

THanks Phil for the free yt tutorials. THey have given me more than the school fees that I paid as an electronics eng student. Your mode of delivery is concise, simple and creative. I have literally mastered KiCad by following your tutorials especially the STM32 boards design. I am currently working to up my skills in Altium also through your videos. I know you are in Europe, but your hardwork and generosity has blessed an African somewhere in Kenya. THanks once again. May life favour you and reward you even more. You are such a rare, precious, intelligent, impactful, insightful, resourceful......., breed on earth. I will definitely follow your stripes in career life

If you can keep your design to 2 layers, another cool tool that you can use for rapid prototyping is Advanced Circuit's "Barebones" prototyping service. They spin 2-layer FR-4 boards with no solder mask or silkscreen, but they do it in 1 day. The PCBs are ugly, but the exposed copper is tremendously useful for RF prototyping. You can easily cut away traces, add copper tape, and solder jumper wires to tune things like antennas and trace inductors/capacitors. They're also dirt cheap.

At jlcpcb going from 2 to 4 layers (50x50mm, all "base" settings and no expensive add-ons, 10pc) it goes from 50ct to 70ct per unit.

I enjoy your video a lot! Always after seeing one of your videos I get instantly highly motivated to start some new PCB design. Thank you!

Another great and informative video. I'd love to see your strategies for creating multiple supply rails. I'm working out how to best tackle something that starts with a 12V input and needs a pretty clean adjustable 28-32V supply as well as low noise 5V and 3.3V supplies for a transimpedance amplifier and ADC, where the 5V is the TIA supply and the 3.3V is used as the TIA and ADC reference.

Excellent primer on PCB design. I use cuts in the copper pour to intentionally guide the return current paths to separate out power and signal grounds of audio amplifier boards. I also avoid introducing ground loops when cutting a ground plane perpendicularly to the current flow with a trace (like in your example) by cutting to copper up to one edge and leaving just one return path available past that trace.

Phil, this was a great video as always, thank you for taking time to spread knowledge

Hi Phil! You are an inspiration! Keep it up!You help us learn and grow. Love from India!!

Many thanks Phil: always a wealth of information. Greetings.

Good stuff, beautifull design as always

You are very talented and smart! Nice video Phil :)

great video! Another tip ill suggest, for 2 layer PCBs when possible use 0805 components as they allow you to run up to two signal traces underneath thus minimizing need for vias

Thank you. This is informative.

if you are dropping board thickness remember also to be aware of the impact that can have on fitment of edge connectors (if present)

You can minimize some of the effects from a break in the ground plane by strapping signals over it as routed triplets (A more relaxed version of a cpwg) and for mixed signal designs guard rings and routed triplets in general can make a world of difference.

thank you for another great video :)

If you keep trace lengths short, then you can just use inductances and capacitances of the traces. If you components have more inductance and capacitance, the the impact is small. But do check values.

Brilliant, thank you! 👏

can you make video on microcontroller based RTU for SCADA and RTU has external 24V sensors and stuff connected ...

20:08 There's some pitfalls with this though! If you aren't careful, there can be two ground planes that are only connected by a sliver, and if these two planes happen to have to carry a lot of energy, you can blow a hole in your board quite easily. The layout software wont alert you of this, as clearly the nets are connected (just not wide enough).

All my PCB designs have been two layer so far so this is invaluable info. My last PCB worked perfectly using tips and tricks from your various tutorials. One day I will take the four layer jump...

Love your channel and the tips I can steal. Gotta slightly make fun of the solder pasted fiducials though 😅

Awesome, thank you :)

phil, what component did you place at the RF antenna region? the plane that has no polygon pour? is there some sort of smd antenna? never seen anything like that on esp boards or something.

On the bottom left of the FTDI chip, there are 3 adjacent ground pins. why not use a polygon to connect them to the decoupling cap? and also why not use a direct connection instead of the thermal relief for the ground polygon pour? isn't it better to remove the soldermask on top of the RF section (chip and traces)?

I started learning KiCAD from one of your videos about laying out an STM32 chip with bluetooth. Fast forward 4 months and I've got a prototype board for my project. I ended up having to pretty heavily populate the back side in order to get everything on an 85x85mm board. Do you have any guidelines or rules of thumb for how much PCB area you should guestimate per chip? Like if I have a 68-pin QFN with an exposed pad, should I plan to have 2 or 3 times it's surface area of room on the PCB when placing components? Should it be the square of it's size?

Hi Phil, For the critical length rule, in this case where it is roughly 6mm, is this the total length from the chip antenna to the IC's pin (including the traces between components)? By the way, great video, as always.

Hey Phil, what’s your opinion on a 2-layer PCB with components on both sides BUT with a ground fill on both sides? Sometimes I’ll use stitching vias as an outline or spanning the entire board, or just relying on a couple vias near ground.

I am interested in PCB design when watching the videos on your channel. But I have a question. Where can I find some libraries for STM32 MCU PCB when I want to use some sensors?

Great video & usefull tips. may I know how you make the layout colourful such as pin have different colour, it look cool?

Is there a link to this PCB? I couldn’t find it anywhere

16:42 what is the logic behind widening a trace again once you've made it thin? I was under the impression that your thinnest point will be the bottleneck

so, what does 6mm actually represents? is it from chip to first component of the matching circuit? or chip to pcb antenna connection point?

I saw a random JLCpcb (or was it PCBway?) Sponsor section in another vid talking about 'Via in Pad'. You've done a few videos about BGA fan-out and was wondering about your opinion on this (its not new tech by any stretch, but definitely 'new' at the 'consumer' level). Do these help with BGA fanout, what about implications on inductance etc and the other usual BGA fanout considerations. Would be interested to see your thoughts.

In your video, you advise keeping the traces short compared to trying to do controlled impedance in the RF section. Would this recommendation change if the traces were connecting to an SMA connector instead of a chip antenna?

"So to speak." DRINK!

Would it be possible for you to add the files from this board to your git repository?

Do you happen to know a good book that covers designing High power circuits for power sources and driving Electric Motors?

Hey whould love it if you can do a video about high current pcb design (15 amps and above)

Looking forward to the vid on the pcb antennas. I hope the people in the far east watch it too. I have got a few esp32 boards with chip antennas that seem to be so badly matched no wifi gets out, giving a max wifi range of under 1M. :(

good information. Now I understand the importance of reference ground. 1. For next video , can you speak little slow ? 2. Second, Can you make a video: have a BAD PCB with few problems like EMI/EMC and please demonstrate how to correct it. (MICROCONTROLLER BASED ) 3. if possible consider side effect of inductive load.

I saw that you made this PCB in march this year. I am also currently designing a 4 layer PCB and do want to order it at PCBWay. Currently they are in the middle of upgrading their stack and I cannot find information of the stackup. Could you provide me any guidance which values I should use? Thanks 🙏🏼

I love you so much

Nice design! Without diving that deep into the design, wouldn't it be easier fir the bigger IC (U1?, left one) was rotated 90°CCW? That way the USB traces would be more direct and it looks like the SPI lines would work fine as well.

Is power really DC? I mean, doesn't it contains high frequency also during transients (switching events)

@PhilsLab is the design for the RF Schtick available somewhere?

What do you think about aisler?

Sir, Could you create a video on how to convert an FTDI chip into a JTAG programmer in Vivado? After taking your Advanced PCB Design course, I made the board, but I'm having trouble with the FTDI chip part 😢😢

Hi sir, I am a 3rd years student and at school I was taught to pour both the top and bottom layers of a 2-layer PCB with GND. However, I saw that you did not pour the top layer at all. Is there any reason for you to not do that? Is it to ensure that there is a definite return path of the current?

how to build a groovebox from scratch?

👍🙏❤️

It's been a few months and I still don't fully understand impedance, lol

MAKE A PROPER FULL ATIUM VIDIO OF 2 LAYER AND 4 LAYER

Hi Phil, there was an old video of you designing a hardware accelerator based on the artix-7 fpga with an m.2 interface, (kzfaq.info/get/bejne/bsina5N9zqnQZ5s.html). could you please provide me the vivado logic design files of the project? I couldn't find them on your github.

Low cost Phil? PCBWay ... with assembly in the mix the cost is prohibitive. Maybe not as good as JLC but given the price for small runs... Man.

Abstract: This transcript provides a detailed guide for designing 2-layer printed circuit boards (PCBs). It emphasizes cost-effectiveness as a major advantage while outlining best practices for layer assignment, component placement, and routing. The guide stresses the importance of maintaining a solid ground plane on the bottom layer and minimizing cuts for optimal signal integrity. Strategies for power routing and RF trace design are discussed, as well as the tradeoffs between 2-layer and 4-layer PCBs. The information presented serves as a valuable resource for engineers seeking to optimize their 2-layer PCB designs for cost, performance, and manufacturability. *Summary* - 3:35 Cost-effectiveness: 2 layer PCBs are significantly cheaper to produce than 4 layer PCBs, especially in high volumes. - 5:58 Design Constraints: To minimize cost, adhere to manufacturer design rules for minimum trace widths, hole sizes, etc. - 8:35 Layer Assignment: Place all components on the top layer and create a solid ground plane on the bottom layer for a clean reference. - 11:27 Component Placement: Prioritize intelligent component placement to minimize trace lengths and jump requirements. - 15:10 Routing Order: Route critical traces (USB, SPI) first, followed by less critical traces. Iterate on placement as needed. - 15:50 Power Routing: Use wide traces for power where space allows, narrowing only when necessary to reach component pins. - 16:51 Minimize Ground Cuts: Keep jumps between layers short to minimize disruption of the ground plane. - 22:36 Ground Stitching: When using ground pours on both layers, add stitching vias to connect them and improve reference. - 23:08 RF Design: For simple RF systems, keeping trace lengths short minimizes the need for impedance matching. - 28:54 2 vs 4 Layer Tradeoffs: 4 layer PCBs offer improved signal integrity and EMI performance but at a higher cost. i used gemini 1.5 pro

Shipping Cost to Germany 650$? Seriously?