It's actually Green River Lakes . . . but close with the green part.

@@ThompPL1 lol

That’s not true, which is a good thing :3 we also have a couple hundred words of Vandalic (mostly names) from which we can get a glimps at how their language was both very similar to gothic but also with its own features and we have about 80 words of the so called Crimean gothic language which seems to be a closely related language to gothic not a gothic dialect itself :3

@@hanskotto8630 Yes! And Spanish, while a Romance language, was cultivated by both Romans and Visigoths, and a lot of Spanish names are Gothic in origin, like: Eduardo, Rodrigo (or Rodríguez), Gómez, Alfonso, Fernando (or Fernández), etc. Many common Spanish words are Gothic too: esquina, ganar, ropa, sacar, bregar, etc. 🙂

@@tylere.8436 yep!

@@tylere.8436 That's super interesting, thanks for the info

Depressing, isn't it...? Such a shame so little remains in attested history

I think the modern language is much more interesting tbh. There are already so many dialectal differences popping up between Kazakhstan and Brazil! Filu filu anahugiwairþ raihtis... 🤔

@Greuts I wasn't talking about the entire countries :P I was just saying that the people who are learning Gothic from around Eastern Europe often say stuff differently from people like me who are more in the Hispano-anglic sphere

Finding anything about Crimean Gothic would be immensly valuable. But the chances to find anything that hasn't been found so far are very slim...

@Greuts Brazilians on the internet are generally strange. There's no other nationality which will more often mention where they're from, whatever the context. "Greetings from Brazil!"

@@amaya3660 ... you do realise Gothic is extinct, right?

Modern poetry in Gothic written over the last few years is out there! Ukrainian Gothic poetry is especially interesting :)

@@amaya3660Gothic language poetry in Ukraine? Where can I find this?

​@@amaya3660Where can I see this?

@@amaya3660 by the (g)hutsuls? is it their own ethnic dialect descending from it? or reconstruction?

@@amaya3660 and russia?

Hey, if you like Gothic so much, you should join us on the Gothic Discord server. There's a language revival and it's gotten really popular over the last several years as more people are becoming conversant in the language. You should totally check it out sometime! I myself help out by teaching and streaming in Gothic every day on Twitch! Þwahtubairans anaqimaina þuk! ^^

Yeah, but everybody says that ;)

In the Viking age I think there were a distinct form of old nors in Gotland that developed to Gutnish. And modern gotländska is just some differences in prononciations to standard Swedish that comes from Gutnish but is not Gutnish.

Gutes? The old Anglo-Saxon speakers of Old English (era of St. Bede) mentioned the Gutes as Geats and by his accounts they are either the same Goths or a close relative

In Gothic we call it the Gutasago. Crazy how similar the names are!

One thing I know for certain, you can find printed copies of the Lord's Prayer 🙏 in Crimean Gothic. I was comparing it to Old English and even though it's not really mutually intelligible, there was still big portions of it that could be discerned and understood. Mostly the keywords like father, heaven... etc. One that surprised me was in Gothic swe swe is the exact same as the Old English swa swa.

Fredrik Lindström gav stöd för teorin att goterna kom från Gotland i sin serie Svenska Dialektmysterier minns jag

I can't post the link itself so just add /invite/jnnUDMmd3T at the end of Discord's main page, if you are interested.

That sounds cool - hopefully it can be restored to a useful and useable state.

Thanks for spreading the word, frijondi! :3

Most of their coinages are just calques from modern german because ahsto happens to like that language

Cool

Thanks so much for spreading the word, frijondi! :3

It looks like Tasmania to me, but I guess those heavily glaciated landscapes have a lot in common.

WY have one of the largest glacier in the lower 48 US so there's that.

I would like to see something on the productivity and history of the -þs suffix personally. It's the de facto way of forming nouns from most strong verbs in the modern language ofc, but it's still so fascinating in how destructive it is on the root stem!

@@amaya3660 I haven't heard of that particular feature, but it sounds very interesting. Could give an example? I imagined it might be how for example the past form of "binþan", "band" is cognate to "bond" in English, but that might not be what you ment.

Oh also be advised that places where I wrote something like plihts/plaihts, I am not implying that plihts is a real word. Obviously the vowel must be broken: plaihts! x3

Both gothic and cyrillic are derived from a contemporary greek alphabet. The similiarities are not surprising.Gothic had some runic letters mixed in, while cyrillic used some glagolitic letters.

Most of the Gothic letters are either Latin (like R and S) or Greek (like Γ and Λ). For many of those, it's hard to tell which, as ΑΤΜ looks just like ATM. A few letters are neither; what looks like Ψ is actually Þ, what looks like Θ is actually HW (and a Latin letter was invented to transliterate it), and the U is upside-down, possibly because of runes. I have trouble with BRK in Gothic fonts; the word ΜΙΚΙΛ looked like MIRIΛ until I looked at the transliteration.

i was wondering about that cus i had heard an Eastern European person say Kharkiv and Kherson out loud for the first time where i could actually tell that’s what they were saying recently since the rest of the vid was in english, and was wondering if the K was just so light i couldn’t hear it as someone who doesn’t really know any languages with that kind of sound or what

@@stellabee2026 Yes, that "Kh" sound is basically the same sound as Spanish "J" or German "Ch." IMO it would make more sense to just write it as "h" since both English and Russian only have one "h-like" sound; I think the reason this isn't done is English has a fairly standard system for transcribing foreign alphabets (ironic, seeing as its own native spelling is super inconsistent) and while Cyrillic only has one "h" letter, other writing systems (ie Arabic) have multiple that need to be distinguished.

@@jared_bowden i suppose that it’s either have some kind of standard for transliteration or everyone has to learn IPA so i kinda get why it would be like that

@@jared_bowden Cyrillic has more than one way of writing H. Ukrainian and Belarusian have two H sounds, some of the non-Slavic languages written in Cyrillic have more. The mistake is to think Cyrillic = Russian.

@@egbront1506 Yeah you're right. I was referring to Russian Cyrillic (and Classic-Arabian Arabic) in that context, but of course it differs - using "Kh" for X and saving "H" for Г makes a lot of sense for Ukrainian.

Nova-Anglia

Well this text is in Gothic, had it been Old English it would have been built thus.

@@MixerRenegade95He’s not talking about the text in this video, he’s talking about Crimean Gothic, which has been known for a while to definitely not be a descendant of biblical Gothic.

@@tfan2222 Yet it uses the Gothic Script?

Iberian gothic existed in Spain because the goths were still practicing Arianism until 589. However, when King Recerred converted, he preferred Arian churches to be destroyed, thus any texts of gothic too since it was used as an Arian church language. This considerably put an end to Iberian gothic. However this form of gothic might have had a lot of Latin loanwords since the goths also spoke in Latin tongue to their Hispano Roman subjects.

@@CarvedStones In reality what I was hoping for was an heroic epic of Germanic source, which would never have made it through the normal process of Christianization.

@@osgrath I know what you mean, it’s pretty hard to find anything on the goths since they have been converted in the 4th century. Gothic persecutions of Christians was done by the pagan leader athanaric and his generals but to no avail. However I would say the one that comes closest is how the goths unironically view Athanaric as their founder king of the Visigoths, which basically sprung well into Spanish nationalism later on with them making a portrait of him in the royal palace of Madrid. Maybe in Poland, Ukraine, or Romania during the 1st-3rd centuries that there’s some gothic inscriptions waiting to be found…

@@osgrath I would say that there has been Germanic heroic tales of the goths in the Norse sagas but not anything that we know of from the goths themselves as their form of alphabet and literature came amongst their conversion to Christianity, based on what wufila, Sabbas, and some Romans said was that they were idol worshipping pagans heavily revolved around spirituality and bound by ancestral land. However we don’t know much about gothic paganism other than that it seems be some some proto-Norse/Germanic belief.

Vikings ruled Kyiv. Volodimyr was a viking that not to far geographically how is it in time?

From what we know, the Goths were vaguely aware that they were also from Scandinavia but did not know they were related to other Germanics and Scandinavians. Interestingly enough, neither did the Romans or Greeks, they made a distinction between them as "Scythians" and other "Germani". The closest to your scenario I know of was between the Visigoths and Ostrogoths with the Franks and the Goths didn't seem to see them as even distantly related linguistically or ethnically.

ch for the x makes more sense than kh. Though, h would make the most sense in English.

@@thatotherted3555 I’m not so sure. I’ve always thought of /x/ as being related to /h/, not /k/. And I’m a native English speaker.

@@alexandruianu8432 "Ch" in German is pronounced "kh". It's not an opinion. Various European languages spell these sounds differently: EN "sh" = GE "sch" = FR "ch" EN "ch" = GE "tsch" = FR "tch" EN "kh" = GE "ch" = FR "kh" ? (sound does not exist in French). Polish & Czech are even more fun.

​@@gerardvila4685 Kh (/x/) doesn't actually exist in English, though. It's just a weird spelling to get around an issue. Taken literally, the Kh spelling is an aspirated /k/, like the initial c in cat. I'm saying it's preferable to just use h, even if it's silent under certain circumstances.

@@alexandruianu8432Every explanation I've seen (for English speakers) says: pronounce it like "loch" (a Scottish lake/fjord). The spelling "kh" has the great advantage of being unambiguous, even though it looks ugly. But it's true the sound "kh" is not generally used in English. To me personally, when I was learning Russian it sounded like "k" part of the time and like an aspirated "h" part of the time. The thing to understand about phonology is that people speaking different languages don't just TALK differently, they LISTEN differently, that is, they divide up the continuum of sounds that come out of peoples' mouths in different ways. For instance, French distinguishes between "é" and "i", which many speakers of other languages may hear as the same sound. And French people have no clue about the difference between long vowels and short ones - when I quoted "Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas" to a group of French colleagues, every single one of them thought I had said "Fear and Loving"! That explains my reaction to the unfamiliar "kh" phoneme - I'd heard the actual sounds before, but they'd been interpreted differently because they were being used in languages with no "kh". This is why you can maybe learn a foreign language as an adult, but it's an awful lot harder speaking without an immediately recognisable accent.

Is it cause your last name is from gothic? (Gomez)

@@CarvedStones Yes! I often feel like have a bias towards the goths for that reason.

@@sikViduser Yeah, a lot of Spanish surnames are actually gothic origins too. It’s often overlooked. There’s more to their legacy than just names though.

​@@CarvedStones Yeah, a lot of us are unaware of the full spectrum of our heritage. Particularly Latin Americans who seem to often neglect their European heritage. I myself have Moroccan, Ashkenazy, Arab and Portuguese ancestry along with my predominately Spanish, Native American heritage.

@@sikViduser That’s a pretty interesting mix, I am also of indigenous descent but I also know I got some Spaniard in me too due to my great grandparents. What brought me to the goths was reading more about Spain and how they played a central role in it all the way to the reconquista.

Gothic is reconstructed as having three voiced plosive/fractive phonemes (b/β, d/ð, g/ɣ) with complementary distribution (plosive after pause, after nasals and possibly after L and maybe R, everywhere as fricative)

University of Texas at Austins Indo European online courses have a really good gothic course!

There's a Discord server dedicated to the language and its revival. I can't post the link itself so just add /invite/jnnUDMmd3T at the end of Discord's main page, if you are interested.

@@shingi-chan4320 Thanks for posting this frijondi!

Yes, it is. He is a partner in the Grimfrost company.

The word for Dativ in Gothic is giftidrus (saei gumakundata waurd ist)

@@ASS_ault that wouldn't make sense. "forgive us our trespasses 'so' we forgive those who trespass against us". Because in every English translation of the bible it has "as"

@@briangilbert9077So, “swā” is the ancestor of modern English “so.” Similarly, Gothic “swe” also means “so.” However, they could *also* mean “as” in both languages, but usually when doubled. Hence Old English “swā swā” and Gothic “swaswe” (which in Gothic, seems to have merged into one word).

The hypothesis that I had read back then was that Crimean Gothic could have remained a bit unchanged being preserved as a liturgical language. Like if people was using a fossilized language for church purposes? I don't know if that really makes any sense, because I don't know the religious history of Crimea.

2:40 In the context of current events (aka 🇷🇺 Russia’s brutal war against Ukraine) it would have been appropriate to specify that Crimea is in UKRAINE 🇺🇦 and that this peninsula is under temporary Russian occupation. Even though the findings of those so called ‘Russian scientists’ might be scientifically interesting HOWEVER their research activities are UNETHICAL and illegal from international point of view. I hope that ETHICS still matter in academic community.

Anduþþanjiukam ins nauh ana Diskaurdaskalkinondam jah aljar xD

Looks like a nomen sacrum to me. Much of the Gothic alphabet is Greek, so they probably borrowed the nomina sacra convention along with the letters.

I second Pierre’s opinion. Gothic spelling actually takes a lot from Greek and does a good deal to faithfully preserve Greek loan words. :3

My reaction exactly! xD Swa gawagi, ai?

You might be able to find out if you go onto our Discord server for reviving the language. This language is just gorgeous 🥰

No, sadly. It’s mainly just a Bible translation and some small texts like the example in the video

There are some being written today, but none from way back when unfortunately :c

No, not at all. It's something related to Greek

In spite of the person above, it is a contemporary Greek alphabet with runic influences.

Proto-Jutish

Aren't we resonably sure already that the germanic languages originated in the southern baltic coastal region? I'm not sure why the existence of Gothic language on Crimea at a late date would help at all with the early development.

You should totally join us on our Discord server where we're reviving the language. (I myself can converse somewhat fluently irl in Gothic and stream at least an hour on Twitch every day to try and improve). The revival is really old, perhaps from around the late 90s. In friþau! ^^

@@amaya3660 I've always wondered how ancient dead languages deal with modern vocabulary. And as i understand it, most Gothicbcones from the Bible. How do modern gothic speakers deal with words today not found in the bible?

@@captaintimcurry1713 For anyone that is reviving Gothic, it is imperative for them to understand waurdakraftus "the art of the word". We largely adopt words from Proto-Germanic. Of course we also use what is attested of Gothic and so forth. I'm an intermediate-level speaker myself. If you come onto our Discord server, you'll get to see for yourself. We have conversations in Gothic literally all the time ^^

@@amaya3660 what's the server name?

@@captaintimcurry1713 it's called "Gutisk Discord". I don't think I can post a link here but you can find it on my channel in the description of most videos.

dauþs is the adjective meaning "dead" and dauþus "death" is the noun. Hope this helps! ^^

Well, we don’t exactly really have any Gothic Old Testament. That said, the new testament is a direct translation from Greek, so I’d bet the Old Testament is from the Greek Septuagint.

Thank you for spreading the word around, gasinþjo! :D

Thanks for spreading the word, gasinþjo! :3

No, it's a Psalm from the Hebrew Scriptures.

@@kimfleury top to bottom, or just the first two lines? I was unclear on that one... got a citation? thanks!

𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌼

@@wallacewilliams535For starters, the first two lines are directly taken from Psalms. Secondly, no, that’s just dauþaim. Completely unrelated to the other two words you mentioned. Like, entirely, and suggests to me you can’t read Gothic (which, fair enough, but maybe don’t try to make connections before you do know?). Secondly, this is talking about the Christian God, and specifically Christ who rose from the dead.