TOOK ME A COUPLE MONTHS TO LEARN but oh my god I am so ecstatic that a person like you has even seen my content. your videos are so damn awesome and researched to an incredible degree. to have one of my piss poor videos in your description is nothing short of an awesome honor. KEEP IT UP MAN!!! LOVED THE SHUTTLE VIDEO!!!!!
@6uis19482 ай бұрын
yes i agree
@Alexander-the-ok2 ай бұрын
Now way!! So happy to see you here. Can I let you in on a bit of a secret? Your Rockwell video was the inspiration that got me started on the Shuttle video.
@Indexium2 ай бұрын
@@Alexander-the-ok OH MY GOD THAT IS SO AWESOME so glad we both found a great appreciation of the shuttle :)
@6uis19482 ай бұрын
@@Indexium yes this is awesome i agree with this statement
@thornunia5057Ай бұрын
That's cool dude.
@vincentvangoatse29625 ай бұрын
When asbestos is one of the least alarming components of your setup, you've accomplished something truly amazing.
@andersjjensen4 ай бұрын
Airborne asbestos in small amounts is not a problem. Constant exposure over prolonged periods are.
@gastonbell1083 ай бұрын
Ugh. I work daily with asbestos. It's all over the world, in the year 2024. You breathe it when you're on the road every day, literally thousands of asbestos rod particles, 100% of which lodge deeply in your lung tissue. Yes, you. Yes, even in a blue state. Yes, even in a blue COUNTRY. You don't get asbestosis or mesothelioma unless you work or live with it daily. Compared to fluorine, it might as well be tea.
@MrDmitriRavenoff3 ай бұрын
@andersjjensen sort of, but if you cannot expell asbestos from your lungs. One exposure, depending on parts per million level may or may not have lifelong consequences.
@silverseth73 ай бұрын
Terrifying, but amazing.
@ahabkapitany2 ай бұрын
@@andersjjensen it was a joke, mate
@isabutchers55915 ай бұрын
You know it’s really hazardous when they knew it was hazardous in the 60s
@Wadlo1515 ай бұрын
I have a few personal rules I live by. As an Air Force program manager, my number one rule is "Never let an engineer get bored" Please dear god, if you work with or around engineers take this to heart. This video is the kind of stuff that happens when you let engineers get bored.
@SnakebitSTI5 ай бұрын
Considering some of the stories I've read of chemists making molecules which hate their own existence so much it requires special equipment to verify they were even there in the first place (let alone to quantify their properties)... yeah. Especially don't let rocket fuel scientists get bored.
@trolslovenski5 ай бұрын
And you must use the only real system. METRIC SYSTEM😉
@Flesh_Wizard5 ай бұрын
They turn into WH40K Orks
@foodaah5 ай бұрын
*Enginner Gaming Intensifies*
@mission28585 ай бұрын
I play certain games that have a similar concept: I either make something thats a decent size and works well, or i spend 20 minutes up to hours making a design thats marginally better, or just plain stupid for fun. The game in question: Factorio Marginally better example: 80% space efficient resource extraction vs 85%. Stupid: make an overcomplicated design that is just as productive as a normal one but looks fancy.
@geodkyt5 ай бұрын
I'm a military systems engineer, former infantryman, and parachutist & jumpmaster. Your comment about reduicng dangerous operations to tedium really hit home. Boring is often very *good* ...
@mandowarrior1235 ай бұрын
Tedium->Excitement->Dead is the pipeline. Excitement is generally antithetical to human survivable circumstance.
@speakersr-lyefaudio68303 ай бұрын
Boring means predictable, predictable is way less bad for your health haha
@the_real_ch35 ай бұрын
I can just see the project review meetings. NASA management: what the hell did you guys do? We could never use any of this! Rocketdyne engineers: well you said to make the engine with the highest ISP ever, you never said make the engine with highest ISP ever that DOESN’T kill everyone in a 5 mile radius
@diestormlie5 ай бұрын
You said "Highest ISP", not "Highest ISP using something we could ever feasibly safely use. Suck it!"
@Volvith5 ай бұрын
The guy in the back who just got there: "Did you already tell them about the radioactive Dimethyl mercury engine?" NASA exec: "the *_W H A T."_*
@defeatSpace5 ай бұрын
@@Volvith NASA exec: _nonchalantly calls the FBI_
@defeatSpace5 ай бұрын
and besides, fusion engines are where it's at
@the_real_ch35 ай бұрын
@@diestormlie "you guys kinda suck at writing an RFP, skill issue"
@Yaivenov5 ай бұрын
Fluorine: "Yo dawg, I heard you got electrons."
@DigitalJedi5 ай бұрын
Your electrons. Hand em over.
@OutbackCatgirl5 ай бұрын
fluorine is to electrons as the USA is to oil
@JohnnyTromboner5 ай бұрын
ClF₃: yo dawg we heard you like burning things that already burned to ash so we explosively set fire to your ash and 10m of sand underneath it
@lancer22045 ай бұрын
chlorine trifluoride has a message for you... "man up your little.. btch!" ;)
@rocketsurgeon21355 ай бұрын
@@JohnnyTromboner FOOF is where it's at. Dioxygen difluoride, if you're nasty.😇
@m.streicher82865 ай бұрын
You know it's cool when an asbestos cladding is the safest part.
@RocketSurgn_3 ай бұрын
And then you remember that lithium reacts violently with asbestos (and sand)…
@sharklegs2 ай бұрын
@@RocketSurgn_no that was the hydrofluoric acid, the lithium reacts with the entirety of the plumbing
@RocketSurgn_2 ай бұрын
@@sharklegs it just likes to react with almost anything, okay, I can’t remember when there may or may not be exceptions and prefer to just assume if you get it into molten form it’s going to do crazy stuff, haha.
@rudolphguarnacci197Ай бұрын
Cool? More like crazy.
@ryanhamstra493 ай бұрын
One of the things lots of people forget when it comes to rockets is that a 10% increase in thrust at liftoff could actually double your acceleration. Most rockets have a 1.1-1.3 to 1 thrust to weight ration which means at 1.1, about 90% of the thrust is being wasted just to cancel out gravity, only the last about 10% is actually changing the rocket’s velocity. So increasing it to 1.2 to 1 means it will leave the launch pad twice as fast.
@MinkSquared9 күн бұрын
At a certain point, wouldnt it also mean that you straight up kill the astronauts
@vylbird80142 күн бұрын
@@MinkSquared If you are getting that much acceleration then you have a very good rocket.
@MinkSquared2 күн бұрын
@@vylbird8014 well... Yeah but... Now you also have a human jelly filled rocket
@j.f.fisher53185 ай бұрын
Dimethyl mercury? I momentarily lost my ability to control YT, accidentally closed the window and just sat there saying "wtf" for a minute. That infamous nightmare fuel poisoning case wasn't on the skin, it was through a latex glove.
@Alexander-the-ok5 ай бұрын
I got hung up on that for days after I read about it. Just kept randomly remembering it and being like ‘yep, that was a real idea that someone actually had’.
@nathansmith36085 ай бұрын
That chapter in _Ignition!_ is even crazier than you'd expect: Some guy tries to convince the author that dimethyl mercury is only mildly toxic, & he actually gets as far as making inquiries to Eastman Kodak asking how much it would cost to buy a hundred pounds of the stuff -- the Kodak representative is horrified & declines, saying it would "fog every square inch of film in Rochester" (p. 177-178 in my copy)
@MatthijsvanDuin5 ай бұрын
@@nathansmith3608 Yeah, when he tried to place the order he heard a "horrified gasp" from the other end of the telephone line...which is the sort of reaction that indicates you should probably rethink whatever it is you're doing ;-)
@andytroo5 ай бұрын
@@MatthijsvanDuinand probably followed up with a compulsorily call the some government hotline ...
@jacobrzeszewski65275 ай бұрын
@@andytroo"Sorry sir, you've got the MK Ultra hotline, let me get you hooked up with the Assorted Neurotoxins/Fidel Castro Assassination hotline.
@nddragoon5 ай бұрын
the issue of pumping molten lithium through a rocket in-flight is left as an exercise to the reader...
@SnakebitSTI5 ай бұрын
It's just an implementation issue!
@Steel00795 ай бұрын
Why not?
@johanfredin51535 ай бұрын
Molten Lithium has the habit of reacting with most things from steel pipes to junior test engineers! ;-)@@Steel0079
@bigsyrup85675 ай бұрын
Skill issue.
@pleaseenteranamelol7115 ай бұрын
no balls, DO IT!! NO BALLS!!!
@ohar72374 ай бұрын
"That's right, we're going to build a rocket with a controlled metal fire. I already hate that sentence." LMAO! Was not expecting to fully laugh out loud at this video. 🤣🤣🤣
@ohar72374 ай бұрын
That... *abomination* at the end. Whoa.
@Aethelwolf5 ай бұрын
I worked at Rocketdyne for several years starting in the mid 70's. There was some interesting stuff.
@emusunlimited5 ай бұрын
I’d love to hear your stories
@ARBB12 ай бұрын
Oh that's really cool, how was it like?
@drakkenmenschАй бұрын
In what year does Rocketdyne change its name to *Union Aerospace Corporation?*
@MDE_never_dies25 күн бұрын
Yes and? Do tell.
@SpAm-AcCoUnT11 күн бұрын
Cool cool… so uh I have one small question. How did you live?
@Bonderoev5 ай бұрын
32:33 "The nuclear reactor, laser research facility, plutonium lab, and other experiments at Aperture Scien-uuuhhh I mean S.S.F.L." I'm rolling... XD
@TreyVaswal5 ай бұрын
That (lol, first one) environmental video from Rocketdyne basically flickers right at the boundary of A-Sync .
@mbessey5 ай бұрын
SSFL was located pretty near where I live now. The number of locals who have no idea what it was is kind of shocking.
@leonmusk10405 ай бұрын
Wow you can be local to that and oblivious that in itself is terrifying have you seen how many test's they've done there and what they were testing I'm as far as you can get in the western world and I know where it is and how nasty that site is@@mbessey
@matthewcox79855 ай бұрын
The music in the intro sounds like something from the Portal games!
@nerd_nato5645 ай бұрын
@@matthewcox7985Pretty sure it actually is!
@kcj19935 ай бұрын
TL;DR, a tube of unimaginable violence with a rocket nozzle on the end
@killman3695475 ай бұрын
fueled by substances you'd probably find in hell.
@King_Flippy_Nips5 ай бұрын
A controlled explosion, just like almost every rocket and internal combustion engine.
@saffron5845 ай бұрын
A VERY violent one too@@King_Flippy_Nips
@LilliHerveau5 ай бұрын
I love that kind of description
@lady_draguliana7845 ай бұрын
"A Tube of Unimaginable Violence" will be stenciled on my coffin in large, block, OD Green letters...
@tvuser95295 ай бұрын
Kerbal Space Program meets Portal meets Doom meets Derek Lowe's "Things I Won't Work With" blog meets XKCD's What If (except that Rocketdyne would be saying "What do you mean, 'if'?"). So many WTF's packed into one video. Makes you really appreciate life, while you have it.
@crassirus5 ай бұрын
The intro music was perfect. Mid-century super-science was fucking insane. "Welp, this can kill ya in 20 or 30 different, horrifying ways. Bound to give you at least 5 types of cancer just from staring at it. Really amazing specific impulse if you mix it with this other elements that is committing active warcrimes inside his heavily reinforced container as we speak. So anyway; we're going to need a few million liters of both in holding for our testing of this highly explosive rocket engine that's going to get us to Alpha Centaury within the next century by my calculations. I've got a 150,000 dollar grant which is basically one trillion in stupid iPad Kid money so we're just gonna smack these two things together right over there and see what happens. Gotta tell you, I sure do love the US of A!"
@dennisfox86735 ай бұрын
This might be the finest rant ever committed to a KZfaq comment section. Bravo! 🫡
@laurenpinschannels5 ай бұрын
-- cave johnson
@pravkdey5 ай бұрын
U-S-A! U-S-coughs up lung-A!
@Wise4HarvestTime5 ай бұрын
I do believe a nuclear powered rocket can attain a higher specific impulse than mere chemistry... But they couldn't figure out the plumbing for it back in the 1960s
@12pentaborane5 ай бұрын
@@Wise4HarvestTime I thought NERVA got to flight hardware?
@TheAgamemnon9115 ай бұрын
That rap was so fire, it burned through 10 inches of steel reinforced concrete and then 6 feet of gravel.
@VenturiLife5 ай бұрын
It was a melt-down in the clubs at the time.
@mememaster1475 ай бұрын
It gave me big _Rapping for Jesus_ vibes
@andyf42925 ай бұрын
I actually know of the accursed chemical of which yopu speak... the nazis were going to use it as a weapon, and chickened out
@mduvigneaud5 ай бұрын
Knowledge!
@RCAvhstape5 ай бұрын
If it were just a few years older it would've made the soundtrack of GTA: Vice City for sure.
@Cyborg6175 ай бұрын
25:57 it took me until here to realise the test firing footage isnt actually filmed footage but CGI. Nice work.
@Dutchsteammachine4 ай бұрын
Extremely well put together video, glad the VHS upload got used for something. It is aggressively 90's. With youtube we can share our suffering with others.
@Alexander-the-ok4 ай бұрын
Delighted to see you here! Thanks so much for uploading it, and all the other preservation work you’ve done over the years.
@joeschmuccatelli21673 ай бұрын
The SI versus English rant is redundant in an otherwise very good presentation. You apparently missed the fact that the prefix "kilo" is of Greek derivation and is simply defined as a quantity of a thousand; I digress. In the 50's and 60's, we Americans didn't know how to spell "SI system", let alone use it. Adjusted for inflation, we had trillions of dollars and not a few pounds invested in the English system throughout our economy. The existence of any instrumentation, machines or anything else built with the SI system in the USA, were essentially novelties or US Government property. Sans totalitarian control, it's impossible to flip any society and its economy from one system of measurement to another in a day, year, century or more.
@cheeseguru10173 ай бұрын
@@joeschmuccatelli2167Australia changed its form of currency from pounds, shillings and pence to dollars and cents in 1966. Certainly didn’t take a century
@joeschmuccatelli21673 ай бұрын
@@cheeseguru1017 Changing your currency is an infantile pursuit versus changing your system of measurement. Ask any economist, engineer or physicist that is worth their salt.
@davidelliott58433 ай бұрын
UK went all out for the SI (metric) system in early 1970s. It’s perfect for technology it’s less useful for every day items. Pints gallons feet and inches are human based and relatable so we’ve ended with a hybrid system. It works.
@crbielert5 ай бұрын
I think the PPE that was recommended in "Ignition" was a good pair of running shoes.
@cdgonepotatoes42195 ай бұрын
Running shoes and a rosary, in case you're not fast enough. If you're not religious, you will be if anything goes down.
@jamesburleson19165 ай бұрын
I thought that was for the chlorine triflouride oxidizer that they spilled a ton of on a three foot thick concrete pad.
@Volvith5 ай бұрын
I'd reckon it was 'a safe rocket to get away from the dangerous one with'.
@SnakebitSTI5 ай бұрын
It was metal-fluorine fires. Good running shoes are the recommended PPE for metal-fluorine fires.
@renerpho5 ай бұрын
@@SnakebitSTI Yes. I first learned about that book from Derek Lowe's great "Things I won't work with" blog, specifically the entry about how to set sand on fire.
@samueljankey44365 ай бұрын
I am currently pursing a chemistry degree while working as a part-time firefighter. This video seems to be designed entirely to scare me.
@texasslingleadsomtingwong87515 ай бұрын
I couldn't imagine being called to a fire at this test facility . I imagine the call would be more of a "tell everyone in town to run!" Kind of call.
@egay862925 ай бұрын
nope. i make donuts, and am scared shitless too.
@comradecameron37265 ай бұрын
@@texasslingleadsomtingwong8751A chemical fire. That is burning through concrete? Evacuate everyone and hope it goes out by itself I guess.
@whiteknight7wayne4935 ай бұрын
bro you dont sound like you love the subject really....chemists are excited about the processes.and possibilities ....and navigate the dangers, hell sometimes the dangers are the exciting part, at least it used to be
@justingrey60085 ай бұрын
I would love to try making this engine. I know better so I never will, but it seems fun!
@captainmidnite935 ай бұрын
My chem prof @ SU in the '70's recounted a similar barrel shoot at Oak Ridge way back in the day. Copper was being rationed so they fiddled with sodium filled iron pipe as a potential substitute for heavy power buss bars. In the end the full barrels of sodium were rolled down a hill into a pond while being shot at in motion. He recounted it as the best fireworks he'd ever seen, esp. if done at night.
@davidwhiteford49365 ай бұрын
When the meltdown occurred I was 2 months old and my family lived 1/2 mile from the reactor. Rocketdyne did not notify the residents nearby, there was no evacuation. My sweet grandmother died of stomach cancer from drinking the well water. We found out about the meltdown and other crimes 20 years later. I've had severe undiagnosable health problems most of my adult life, while Rocketdyne continues doing business! What a world we have made for each other!!
@luminousfractal4203 ай бұрын
theyve just found were evolving to be less competative and more empathic. these evolutionary changes take hold fast. we have a new world to build :) they do for sure. i guess we make the foundations. ✊ lil bit at a time. its changing.
@rybybgvgvubghnhn2 ай бұрын
the reactor????????????
@dalecomer59512 ай бұрын
It wasn't Rocketdyne. It was Atomics International. AI killed a lot of Rocketdyne employees not to mention their own.
Minor nitpick - the best ISP from flown LH2/LOX engines is actually the RL-10B-2, which gets 465s. However, the expander cycle that enables this performance is only really usable at small scale, and as such engines using it tend to be vacuum-optimized upper stage engines only. (Aerospace engineer here who's fascinated to see someone finally cover this - it's amazing how hard it is to find good info on this ludicrous tripropellant engine - I'm only a bit into the video so far, so I'll add other notes in this comment if I see them)
@Alexander-the-ok6 ай бұрын
Huh looks like I forgot to read the bit in the script that specified that was for first stage engines. The diminishing returns when compared to expander cycle engines are mentioned towards the end of the video.
@1lustigermenschfighterlp4586 ай бұрын
The video said first stage engines at 3:06
@clapanse6 ай бұрын
@germenschfighterlp458 So it does, though I missed that in the later quote of "taking the crown for the highest Isp of a flown engine" when introducing the RS-25. Also, I finished the video now and I really don't have any other notes, other than to say that this was excellent as always. Also, anyone with any interest in rockets should definitely read Ignition, as mentioned in the video. Some of the things they played around with were *wild*.
@valipunctro5 ай бұрын
Ok...NERD! I'm sorry, couldn't help myself.😁
@ezradixon2395 ай бұрын
I live in Georgia And I keep treating to build a space ship to get away from my wife 😂❤
@autom71345 ай бұрын
I love the barely contained laughter as he's narrating. I kinda find it mind blowing that there were a group of folks that thought actually taking this concept from a thought experiment to building a test article was even a reasonable idea. Awesome video.
@Alexander-the-ok5 ай бұрын
It took me about 5 takes to record the exploding barrels bit.
@RowanHawkins5 ай бұрын
@@Alexander-the-okwhat boggles my mind is their ability to get it into the barrel in the first place if the introduction of that tiny of a hole will cause the barrel to explode.
@badgers19755 ай бұрын
Read ignition! By John Drury Clarke, it's the history of liquid rocket propellants. It a hysterical read in places and explains the "special" mindset of propellant chemists
@absalomdraconis5 ай бұрын
@@badgers1975 : The "In the pipeline" blog by Derek Lowe is another must-read. At one point some still-active guys took a hammer to some stuff that just refused to explode. It seems to be the only stable chemical that has ever been found in it's "family"- if I remember correctly, exploding in reaction to light is common for it's cousins.
@user-iv5gy3rc2b5 ай бұрын
Note they were guys. Not averse to risk and fascinated with fire. One of the differences between the sexes. I think almost every teenaged boy goes through it. A desire to tickle the dragon a little.
@Saleemsan5 ай бұрын
My goodness, that safety video at the end almost killed me. I used to work with liters of HF for peptide synthesis/cleavage. We used KelF lines to pump the gas, and liquid nitrogen to liquify it. I never had an accident, but I saw two no-injury accidents. Both employees were immediately fired. It was safe enough, if, if, you didn't make any mistake. Turning the wrong valve caused liquid HF to drop to the aluminum jack-stand, eat through that, and onto the slate lab surface, and etch that, all in a flow hood. Good times! Thankfully, the synthetic chemistry is now much more benign.
@blindsniper354 ай бұрын
Thanks for giving me the motivation to read ignition which has been on my shelf for a while. Definitely a good book that I should have gotten around to reading earlier.
@SupremeRuleroftheWorld5 ай бұрын
this whole video reads like a billy mays ad: "but wait, it gets WORSE!"
@eragonawesome5 ай бұрын
You are not fucking kidding holy crap, it really does just keep getting worse
@Turalcar5 ай бұрын
Culminating with the Rocketdyne video
@texasslingleadsomtingwong87515 ай бұрын
Absolutely on point. 😆
@thebeaniestbeanboys57355 ай бұрын
BUT WAIT! THERES MORE! MORE THREAT TO ORGANIC LIFE IN A 50 MILE RADIUS
@TheTurtle615 ай бұрын
Nothing could have possibly prepared me for that Rocketdyne safety rap
@MeriaDuck5 ай бұрын
51:30 I'm actually speechless... Those fonts, those colors. For that. Just.... fantastic. Even better than nineties sportswear. No, have to edit. That outtro beats it.
@MegaBoomshanka5 ай бұрын
The book 'Ignition! An Informal History of Liquid Rocket Propellants' is simply superb, I implore everyone to go and read it.
@matthewcantrell52895 ай бұрын
Im pretty sure all this stuff was carried out at their test site around Simi Valley, CA, USA. My dad grew up in the valley right under the test site, unknowingly exposed to a nuclear meltdown, chemical tests like these, and the joy of wondering "did the russians finally nuke us?" then waiting a few moments to thing "Nope, just another Rocketdyne test fire"
@edcramer53704 ай бұрын
U r correct 🎉
@sealteamsix17842 ай бұрын
what were they thinking putting it so close to L.A when nevada existed a few hundred miles away?
@erinfinn227323 күн бұрын
60s rocketry seems to follow the thinking of: "We weren't thinking."
@danielhoven5706 ай бұрын
can you imagine having to watch that music video at work with a straight face?
@Cyberspine5 ай бұрын
It's to motivate the employees into building something with which they can escape the planet.
@filanfyretracker5 ай бұрын
when I see things like that video my brain pauses and has to take in the realization that yes that was approved and paid for by management. At a minimum a VP in HR signed off.
@cyrenecai5 ай бұрын
@@filanfyretracker Being someone who graduated high school in 1994, I can say stuff like that was far too common back then, and most of it was worse than that! D:
@SynchronizorVideos3 ай бұрын
I was around in the early 1990s. It was a different time...
@brillopad13925 ай бұрын
After I regained consciousness following that closing rap, I gave the vid (minus the ending) a thumbs-up.
@giin975 ай бұрын
I honestly didn't realize it was an animation at first. Top tier!
@superakman146 ай бұрын
Speaking of good performing (and dangerous) rocket engines, I would like to see an analyses video about the feasibility and performance of a hypothetical Nuclear Salt Water Rocket. I feel like it doesn't get the love it deserves.
@SM0SS5 ай бұрын
The NSWR is the supercharged version of this. In the pro column it adds a whole 0 to the isp, in the con you can't use it in the magnetosphere because you'll add so many charged particles it'll knockout every satellite
@denisl27605 ай бұрын
@@SM0SS can't or shouldn't?
@NullHand5 ай бұрын
I think that the Love that Salt Water Fission rockets deserve is definitely Lunar Love. Yeah, that sounds Romantic. Especially a Far Side launch....
@faroncobb60405 ай бұрын
The problem with the NSWR is that it relies on the one weird trick of water being a basically incompressible fluid, forgetting that when you heat water to the desired temperatures it not only stops being a liquid, it stops even being water. If you ever actually tried to fire a NSWR engine, the result would either be a nuclear fizzle explosion that destroyed the engine, or a mildly radioactive steam rocket with an ISP equivalent to what Estes sells to children. The NSWR design also makes some very questionable assumptions about the behavior of neutrons. It's a cool idea, but the physics required don't come anywhere close to reality.
@Mic_Glow5 ай бұрын
thrust measured in Chernobyls per second XD
@liocla23316 ай бұрын
Yeah Fluorine IS great, we used to use a molecule based on Fluorine (Perfluorates among others) to make skis slide faster and win more medals. The cancer you caught from the fumes in the tuning room was simply a feature. :)
@toby12486 ай бұрын
PFAS are still used as lubricants now. They have switched to ones that bioaccumulate slightly less than the old ones They still never break down once they inevitably escape into the environment though
@tiavor5 ай бұрын
fumes is the last thing to worry about, a drop of it on your skin and it'll melt your bones.
@AllisterCaine5 ай бұрын
@@tiavor I don't recall putting hydrofluoric acid on my skies, that's what you are talking about.
@paulblase39555 ай бұрын
We use flourine, actually hydroflouric acid, to etch silicon for semiconductors. Not nice stuff.
@paulblase39555 ай бұрын
@@tiavor That's hydroflouric acid. shudder!
@jimthomson68254 ай бұрын
Great video! In the 1980s I worked at the Prototype Fast Reactor at Dounreay in northern Scotland. It was cooled by liquid sodium (another alkali metal). We used electrically trace heated pipes and vessels to keep the sodium molten, and argon cover gas to keep out oxygen. To stop the system clogging up with oxides from accumulated oxygen impurities, part of the sodium was circulated through a 'cold trap', where the sodium was regeneratively cooled and passed through a stainless steel basket, where sodium oxide precipitated. This kept oxide levels low and (importantly) kept the sodium freezing point close to its nominal 100 degrees C (or so). Anyway, great video, very enjoyable. See also John D Clark's book 'Ignition!', which is a great history of some wacky rocket fuel options that were investigated in the 50s and 60s.
@ledocteur77015 ай бұрын
The crimson red exhaust emanating orange fumes is by itself enough to make anybody recoil in terror, all 9 rings of hell is unleashed upon ignition. instead of hazard symbols, there should just be a "God cannot help you here" sign at the test facility entrance. if it wasn't for the existence of nuclear thermal rockets this could definitely be called the most dangerous rocket engine ever tested.
@kukuc9617 күн бұрын
A nuclear thermal rocket is the epitome of safety compared to this thing.
@ledocteur770117 күн бұрын
@@kukuc96 not just any nuclear rocket, I'm talking about the ones that make the fuel go trough an exposed nuclear reactor core right before the exhaust, raining down highly radioactive particles throughout it's entire flight. The short term consequences are less bad, but long terms are horrendous.
@chris-hayes5 ай бұрын
The description of the "burn pit" to the clip at 33:35 is amazing haha
@ryanpayne77075 ай бұрын
"And today on Demolition Ranch, can a toxic waste barrel stop a .50cal?" LOL
@arozin67735 ай бұрын
Very _AMERICAN!_
@GeoStreber5 ай бұрын
PhD chemist here. Whenever I find a mistake, I will write it into this comment. 7:15 You made a mistake saying that the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen follows the formation of ions first. The reaction is in fact using a radical chain mechanism. 17:50 It doesn't decompose back into fluorine. It gets deprotonated, turning into F-, and then reacts with calcium to form CaF2, which is basically insoluble in the environment of the body. So basically, it pulls calcium out of everything that needs calcium, including your bones and the synapses of your nerves. That's why you treat a HF injury with calcium gluconate injections into the affected area. To give the fluoride something to attach to instead of, you know, the calcium you actually need. 32:40 You refer to the experiment being done at Aperture Science. This is in fact wrong. Tests like this were performed in the Black Mesa research facility. 33:20 At my old university, we would discard of pyrophoric old chemicals also by shooting them. We had a concrete block in the courtyard of the building, and hit them from a safe distance with a pellet rifle. Typical substances were things like tert-butyllithium. In small scales, this is actually pretty safe. 35:50 Regarding LiF's impact on the enviroment. It's likely that the fluoride will just precipitate as CaF2 once it hits water. The little bit of calcium dissolved in water, limescale for example, is enough to precipitate it. As to the lithium, it's basically harmless in small concentrations. 37:10 "A couple of drops to your skin might be fatal", is actually depicting it in a too harmless way. The chemist you're talking about was killed by it after less than 1 drop of it soaked through a protective glove. HgMe2 is one of the chemicals I will ever refuse to work with, and I've so far seen some weird dodgy shit already. 42:50 Uranium hexafluoride isn't gaseous at ambient conditions, it's a white solid. Those gas centrifuges operate under a partial vacuum at slightly elevated temperature. Tungsten hexafluoride is gaseous at ambient though. Additionally, UF6 usually isn't made using F2, instead, ClF3 is used. 49:20 Are you sure the radial cutting torches use thermite? My bet would be that they're a form of thermal lance, using oxygen gas and a metal. That concludes my list of mistakes found. Here's a few extra comments: 1. Your opinion about the square cube law showing up everywhere is the truest statement ever made. 2. I wonder if we could use the exhaust heat of an radioisotope generator, RTG, in a deep space mission to keep the lithium molten. Or, alternatively, use a lithium-sodium-potassium alloy to reduce the melting point. EDIT: Typo and correction from "glucamate" to "gluconate". That was an error caused by autocorrect I think. Or a brainfart of mine. Thanks for the correction anyway.
@Alexander-the-ok5 ай бұрын
^ what he said On the last point, I don't think it was thermite but I was told it was a powdered metal and some other 'proprietary' material (suppliers were very secretive about the things).
@Gamert805 ай бұрын
Woah, this guy gave constructive criticism 😲 What a lad
@m.i.c.h.o5 ай бұрын
I appreciate the half-life joke. Made me exhale
@dmacpher5 ай бұрын
The cake is a lie
@nicazer5 ай бұрын
t-bu-Li my beloved
@AIM54A4 ай бұрын
There was a very large tank of liquid fluorine up on the hill near us that was used in the late 70's and 80s for laser testing by TRW. Long after the tests ended that tank sat on the hill and nobody wanted to touch it. Finally during a safety review of what would happen if it burst and that liquid ran down the hill towards the town, TRW agreed to dispose of it. I made sure to leave the area for a few days while the pumped it out and transported it somewhere.
@terrydavis84515 ай бұрын
This is by far my new favorite channel. What I would have given to work for Aerojet Rocketdyne at the Santa Susanna Filed Laboratory.
@bmobert5 ай бұрын
The Soviets played with metal rocket fuels, too. I don't know much about it. But a professor at uni told me he was part of the project and the probability of the propellant disassociating into ions after their initial reaction reduced the total output to uselessness. Or... so was my limited understanding.
@PandorasFolly5 ай бұрын
Russians also built and ran liquid metal cooled reactors in at least one of their missile subs. It was a truly frightening machine. By the time you heard it on audio it could have surfaced and launched a half dozen nuclear cruise missiles on a carrier group and be accelerating away too fast for the carrier groups anti sub assets to do anything about. It could literally outrun anything on the ocean. Iirc the total out out of either one of its screws was greater than a modern seawolfs total output.
@cdgonepotatoes42195 ай бұрын
@@PandorasFollyliquid metal-cooled reactors are baby stuff in comparison, no heavy metals and neurotoxons are released for anyone to breathe, they're closed loops.
@robertspeedwagon9825 ай бұрын
Didn't the Proton launcher also used very toxic compounds (although not metalic) ?
@PandorasFolly5 ай бұрын
@@cdgonepotatoes4219yeah it wasn't incredibly toxic just neat. It used a lead bismuth cooling fluid. The line of liquid metal cooled reactor subs eventually produced the fastest subs ever made in the Alfa class interceptor subs. The design eventually of course was abandoned as it had a short lifespan for a reactor and would brick the reactor if the metal cooled too much. Something that happened multiple times
@bmobert5 ай бұрын
@robertspeedwagon982 Proton used nitrogen tetrixide and unsymetrical dimethyl hydrozene (aka udmh). These were mentioned at the beginning of this video, IIRC. They're nasty but they're not quite liquid fluorine nasty. Not even close. No, I did not remember these chemical names, I looked it up on Wikipedia, which has a lovely entry on the Proton family of rockets.
@jesseturnip5 ай бұрын
My dad used to work for Bell systems and he would bring those monthly safety and instructional videos home and we would watch him and just fall over laughing, very similar to the clip at the end
@sinclairabraxas35555 ай бұрын
this is so far one of the best videos I've ever seen, truly amazing stuff you presented here
@sforza2095 ай бұрын
This is the funniest name I’ve come across on KZfaq!! Very very funny and clever!
@NikeaTiber5 ай бұрын
Holy damn. Having a good chemistry knowledge as you started talking about the propellants involved I slid further and further into incredulity at how freaking *MENTAL* the concept is. Rocketdyne: "How can we make the most absurdly dangerous rocket engine ever?"
@SnakebitSTI5 ай бұрын
I just kept saying to myself, "well it's no Project Orion". Of course, if your rocket is being compared to Project Orion, you've probably veered off into mad rocket science somewhere along the way...
@absalomdraconis5 ай бұрын
@@SnakebitSTI : Could be worse than Orion, could be Pluto. A nuclear-powered cruise-missile derived drone bomber that was postulated to be more deadly through it's own radiation emissions than the bombs it would have carried.
@davisdf30645 ай бұрын
@@SnakebitSTI Project Orion isn't even that crazy when compared to some other things like "Nuclear Salt Water rockets"
@SnakebitSTI5 ай бұрын
@@absalomdraconis Yeah, but covering the planet with radioactive dust was the point of that mad engineering project. With Orion it was a side effect!
@josephwisniewski36735 ай бұрын
You mentioned "awkward units"... We write formulas for colored glass in grams of coloring chemicals / 100 pounds of glass. Why? Because glass "batch" comes in 25lb bags, and good old Ohaus triple-beam balances came mostly in grams, especially if you shopped on the used lab equipment market.
@SynchronizorVideos3 ай бұрын
Yeah, weird unit combos like that usually make some sense in context, even if they sound crazy in isolation.
@jamescollier3Ай бұрын
Alfred U?
@kaptainkaos12025 ай бұрын
Years ago my group was the backup for a module the Ruzzians were supposed to be building. When we went to Florida for a site visit to see where to put our test equipment we went thru the hangar where everything was to be put together for launch. The scariest part of the briefing was what to do if the sirens went off if there was a fuel spill. Look for the wind sock and run upwind FAST. If evacuation was in one direction it was into a swampy area. They told us don’t worry about the alligators, it’s worse having the fuel get on us.
@caesar_cider27774 ай бұрын
this is my favorite rocket propellant, because it makes any chemist i meet recoil in horror when i tell them what it is
@theCodyReeder5 ай бұрын
I want one! 🤤
@violencejack7505 ай бұрын
LOL how about a fluorine water hybrid rocket instead?
@punksci68795 ай бұрын
LMAO I was searching to see if anyone had mentioned your attempt yet.
@Alexander-the-ok5 ай бұрын
Imagine putting a Fluorine/water ‘preburner’ on that sodium/water rocket….
@skivvy35655 ай бұрын
Well well look who it is, hey buddy
@Metal_Master_YT5 ай бұрын
ah, I thought of your rocket the moment I saw this video xD
@davidgunther84285 ай бұрын
I'm amazed they got a functioning test with this combination of chemicals in use.
@ElGatoMalo02225 ай бұрын
Ive been binging your videos since i just found your channel 👍 really interesting stuff and i really appreciate you citing your sources, makes following along more interesting
@draco63493 ай бұрын
i just gotta say, starting this video with "Science is Fun" from the Portal 2 soundtrack was a stroke of genius.
@interrobang50006 ай бұрын
Yayyyyy RS-25 discussion in the first 5 minutes
@Alexander-the-ok6 ай бұрын
That is far from the last mention the RS-25 will get on this channel.
@dr4d1s6 ай бұрын
Make sure to tune into "Shuttle Sunday" later today on the NSF (Nasa Spaceflight) channel! 3pm EST I believe.
@thebeaniestbeanboys57355 ай бұрын
Fuckin love the RS-25 all my space nerd homies love the RS-25
@herpaderpy8885 ай бұрын
As soon as I saw the orange exhaust smoke in the intro sequence, I was like "Yep, that's gonna be toxic.". Edits post-video: As to the future of upper stage propellant systems, with the renewed interest in nuclear Thermal rockets (NTRs), NASA is looking at utilizing NTRs for Mars transport vehicles that use LH2 as the propellent. There are lots of studies that go into it, but there are several designs that see around 800-900s of ISP, twice that of thermal rockets, and all being a monoprop solution. As I was going through uni for aerospace engineering with a rocket propellent focus, I took a particular interest in magnetic nozzle designs for nuclear fusion rocket motors. There's a high probability if you look up a decent amount of research on pulsed magnetic nozzles, you'll read some research from some of my professors. Despite their complexities, fusion rockets have seen the potential of ISPs as high as 10,000s, while also being a part of a long-term habitation's power generation source. If we ever get the complexities of fusion figured out, I'm fairly certain that's the direction the industry will go.
@JosephTatumPage5 ай бұрын
Such a well done video. Great Job. Found your channel for the first time with this. Looking forward to checking out the rest. That outcome though... What a laugh
@douro205 ай бұрын
The SRE used liquid sodium as a coolant. NaK was used in the fuel rods as a thermal bonding material- something that is sometimes still done today. The problem was with the material used to cool the sodium pumps- a liquid hydrocarbon known as tetralin. A crack in one of the pumps caused tetralin to enter the sodium loop and break down, causing carbon to plug up some of the cooling channels, resulting in the subsequent partial meltdown. NaK was subsequently used as the pump coolant after the reactor was repaired.
@cbremer835 ай бұрын
I used to do wireline in the oil fields. We used fluorine in our down hole chemical cutters. It was crazy. It would instantly cut a pipe as soon as we set it off. Leaving a smooth cut edge like it was cut with a water jet. Wild stuff. I believe the cutting head was made from beryllium. I could be wrong on that. In short, a small charge burned and pushed a piston in the tube with the fluorine mix into the cutting head and the head had a bunch of holes in a line around the heads midpoint. Basically making a chemical "saw" that burned through the pipe. A far cleaner option than a cutting charge, two shape charges facing each other causing the blast to shoot out radially and fairing the pipe out. Requiring milling to do more work. Only other option is plasma cutting. But a single use plasma cutter costs $40k, back in 2013. I am sure that price is much higher now. We could do a chemical cut for $20k for the whole job. A plasma cut would be $60-100k all said and done.
@cbremer835 ай бұрын
Hah, I posted this before the end. The ball option for triggering I think was usually a coil tubing thing. On the wireline side, it is electrically triggered. Sets off a burning charge in the top of the tool. Not sure if coil tubbing is used off shore. I guess the ball could be done with normal tool piping like you used for cutting and milling heads. I was always on land, so I know nothing about off shore specific things. I am surprised radial/plasma cutters are replacing chemical cutters. We mainly used the chemical cutters here in the US because they are cheap and effective. At least that was the case a decade ago.
@Alexander-the-ok5 ай бұрын
It was about a decade ago here when the plasma cutters started to become more prevelant. Tbh, that cost difference would barely be a consideration here - that equates to about 12 hours of rig time and the plasma cutters were more reliable than chemical cutters for our use cases and easier to transport so easily paid foe themselves.
@tyrantfox78016 ай бұрын
Curious Marc recently published a video on AGC fly-by-wire ( they have access to actual hardware and are now retrieving the software from the memory). Multiple viewers sited your video on the topic in the comments. Your channel is about to blow up.
@Alexander-the-ok6 ай бұрын
It blew up when that submersible also ‘blew up’. The video I made about that isn’t very good but it was popular. I had 200 subscribers before that. I’ve done in-depth engineering videos every few weeks since then and I’ll keep doing so for the foreseeable future because I thoroughly enjoy doing this!
@Hofslagare5 ай бұрын
Shes about to blow!
@alexdhall5 ай бұрын
@@Alexander-the-okI believe the algorithm first suggested your video about fly by wire system first. Then I it later suggested some others and I backtracked to the on Ocean gate submersible. All were excellent videos...I enjoy a an hour long deep dive on a topics, including computer science and apparently engineering....
@SnakebitSTI5 ай бұрын
As someone who follows a bunch of retro computer related channels, I think the fly by wire one was the first video recommended to me as well.
@adenkyramud50055 ай бұрын
@@Alexander-the-okthat sub video was the one that got me here and now i can't stop watching. Even though I'm a complete idiot whenever it comes to anything regarding engineering i can actually understand what you're saying and learn from it. Shows how good you are at explaining.
@macster518717 күн бұрын
I think I've watched this 5 times or more since it was posted. Love the narration. This story is an impressive walk down a road of thought "shouldn't, but someone had to try it" progressively getting more absurd with each iteration. I admire those who dared to fail so greatly, as that is how we make the big leaps required to break dogma of the beaten path. Some may not understand this philosophically core need to risk to improve, but the world wasn't built on the backs and minds unwilling to dare greatly.
@CharliMorganMusic4 ай бұрын
I don't know what's going on, but when someone mentions fluorine, I get pretty excited about what might come next.
@jef_30065 ай бұрын
Generally, higher temperatures does mean higher exhaust velocities, and therefore better isp. But, if burning the fuel stoichiometrically (and therefore, as hot as possible) increases the mass of the average exhaust molecule, it can be a net loss. This is why Hydrogen / Oxygen rocket engines run not just a bit fuel rich, but extremely fuel rich; more hydrogen = lighter exhaust = more isp. EDIT: This video is fantastic btw. Great work! EDIT 2: Oh look, you guessed exactly this as soon as I pressed play again.
@brianhirt50276 ай бұрын
Pulled me from across the house when I heard "mixed with florine". No, thought I. Surely he said chlorine. He must have said chlorine. What kind of MADMAN would....Oh. Rocket scientists in the sixties. MMMyep. Sounds about right. With hydrogen. Mmmyep. That would track. We're talking about the same fellas who turned a manhole cover into the fastest projectile ever fired with a mininuke underground in a long barrel...err..tunnel.
@faroncobb60405 ай бұрын
The nuclear manhole cover is one of those urban legends that just won't die. But the reality is, if you calculate the energy that would have to be transferred to the steel plate to accelerate it to the claimed speed, it is a bunch of orders of magnitude more energy than the energy it would take to just vaporize the plate. And because that energy would be coming from a shockwave moving many times faster than the speed of sound in steel, there would be no possibility of gradually accelerating the steel plate the way a bullet is accelerated in a gun. The front 1/4 of the plate would still be stationary and normal looking while the back 3/4 was already plasma.
@eh___14495 ай бұрын
@@faroncobb6040the manhole cover DID get accelerated though, there’s proof on video which is the reason they discovered it got accelerated to escape velocity.
@MachineInput5 ай бұрын
yeah one frame of footage though right? @@eh___1449
@brianhirt50275 ай бұрын
@obb6040 Since we'll never know for sure whether the manhole cover was actually vaporized along with the concrete or not, I most definitely prefer the version in which we, as a nation said 'hold my beer. Watch THIS!!". So on that balmy day in 1957 we yeeted the first ACTUAL thing into space at six times the escape velocity of earth at an estimated 67 Km/sec. A speed I do not expect to be matched until/unless we can perfect & place orbital railgun systems someday.
@brianhirt50275 ай бұрын
@@faroncobb6040 SO maybe. just MAYBE not so much the urban legend as you'd been led to believe. ;)
@rikkysАй бұрын
What an amazing, well researched video. I've learnt so much and enjoyed the presentation so much. Hitting the Thanks button hardly seems enough. Thankyou.
@beefgoat802 ай бұрын
I wish I could say the video at the end took me by surprise, but I was a teenager in the 90s. There had to have been a single company making every training video back then. From a fast food restaurant to an industrial plant that built titanium knee and hip replacements, almost all of them were just like that video.
@lefishe77025 ай бұрын
At 38:35, you mention it on top of a saturn v. But the image mentions a 260inch SRM with an SIVB. This was a proposed saturn 1B replacement vehicle, witht the first being replaced with a monolithic 260 inch wide SRB (which, fun fact, was tested, and was so massive that they didnt even bother removing it from the test stand and you can visit it today at the now abandoned rocketdyne dade facility)
@CardZed5 ай бұрын
Its nozzle was also blown off during the static fire.
@Schmootle5 ай бұрын
I just finished reading Ignition and was curious for more detail on the fluorine rocket tests. Your recreation of the test stand adds some amazing context. Really well done. I recall Clark saying something like there are outside odds that CFl3 might be an oxidizer for the future. Your video adds nuance to that speculation. You not only did justice to the primary sources but even expanded and enriched them. Great work!
@jmowreader95555 ай бұрын
There's no damned way the Environmental Protection Agency is going to let anyone fly halogen-based oxidizer. If the rocket blows up during launch - which can happen - you wind up blanketing Kennedy Space Center or Vandenburg Space Force Base with one of the most hazardous chemicals in existence. If you DON'T blow up during launch, you pump tons of HF and HCl into the atmosphere.
@user-it7lf7kk8m5 ай бұрын
Very fascinating information. It chimes with me because i lived at the other end of simi for a few years up to 2000, and have driven past the rocketdyne facility a few times. I had heard that end of town was polluted by the facility but didnt know anything about the nuclear horrors of the pit burnings of nuclear waste or this guided toxic waste projectile untill long after i left. You occasionally heard what seemed to be a low flying jet aircraft roaring but neither getting closer or going away. One day i was driving down the freeway and heard the same , and saw a tall narrow jet of smoke rising into the sky from the far side of the valley. It turned out they tested the shuttle boosters there, occasionally. I also liked the safety video. It reminded me of an occasion when we were having a total company meeting to cover some of the problems, and some higher up had come across to explain what was going on. We were all sat in rows with baited breath , and then the bosses ( 4) all strode in line from the back up to the front spread out in a line with their backs to us. Then they suddenly donned hats and started singing a modified version of YMCA while dancing around a la village people. I remember clearly to this day , the guy behind me muttering " oh God....we are doomed". For context the facility was called the AMC, so they sere singing Y(why) AMC. All a bit contrived, but thats management for you
@joejoemyoАй бұрын
The 3d animation is absolutely incredible. It's very difficult to distinguish from reality with the main giveaways being a slight pixelation of the fog/condensation effects, lack of shaking of loose hoses, and the overall cleanliness of the workshop
@benjaminshropshire29005 ай бұрын
Why would they bother talking about safety? If you care in the slightest about safety you would have booked a flight out of the country before finishing the report's abstract.
@dr4d1s6 ай бұрын
Spicy orange cloud in the intro means this video is going to be awesome! Mmmmmm
@nos97845 ай бұрын
Vrooooooooooooooom. ! 😅
@jimsvideos72015 ай бұрын
New Space Pope too.
@NullHand5 ай бұрын
I love the warm glow of Nitrogen Oxides in the morning....
@dribanlycan5 ай бұрын
Me reaction to fluorine appearing was "flourine you bastard" verbally
@odiloncintra13774 ай бұрын
Liked for the content. Subscribed for the 90's safety video.
@Mrcometo5 ай бұрын
Regarding Isp, an honorable mention is the Gnom ICBM with 550 sec Isp at sea level and other air augmented rockets. Great show and many thanks for your work, Alexander.
@Alexander-the-ok5 ай бұрын
Oh wow this is something I’d never heard of before. Seems quite similar to the meteor missile which is on the ‘maybe’ list for future videos.
@texasslingleadsomtingwong87515 ай бұрын
@@Alexander-the-okwould love to hear you talk about more crazy rocket designs .
@mattsoup41213 ай бұрын
“Air augmented” means it’s not really a rocket engine in the traditional sense, since it’s getting reaction mass from the atmosphere. The meteor missile for example is a solid fueled ramjet.
@judet29923 ай бұрын
I just read up on it, it used a solid propellant ramjet hybrid solid rocket motor???????????
@jeffreyskoritowski41142 ай бұрын
@@Alexander-the-okPlease watch "the Man from LOx".
@judet29925 ай бұрын
YOOOO THE INTRO FEATURES SCIENCE IS FUN OFF THE PORTAL 2 OST? I bet that’s what they were thinking when they made this. And as a KSP player, everyone who has played it can confirm the first meme😂
@alexdhall5 ай бұрын
Honestly this really explains how Valve was inspired to create the character of Cave Johnson....rocket science in the 1960s was *wild*....
@trulyinfamous5 ай бұрын
I have a pdf of Ignition! on my phone that I had been reading on and off during lunch at work and some of the stories from that book are absolutely insane. It's highly technical and plenty of it goes over my head, but it's definitely worth a read for anyone who's interested in space travel and rockets.
@Gift0r4 ай бұрын
Rocketdyne: "So anyways, we have made a rocket engine that is fueled with ANGER."
@ryanreedgibson5 ай бұрын
These chemicals are not only highly reactive, they're also incredibly toxic. I know of three young people who have suffered from cancer who lived near the Rocketdyne research center in California. I know this is off topic but it's just as important. Seeing a child undergo chemotherapy is heartbreaking.
@Alexander-the-ok5 ай бұрын
It’s definitely not off topic. The ‘environmental effects’ chapter of the video addresses some of the lasting effects.
@mcamp94455 ай бұрын
@@Alexander-the-okit’s both surprising and not at all surprising that they did this so close to a population center. It’s a very 1950s vibe. Besides better cleanup and disposal efforts it would’ve made a lot more sense to have a big block of the Nevada desert like area 51 for this type of work so if there was contamination you could just have it be at 20 mile x 20 mile area where no one‘s ever allowed to live or 50 mile x 50 mile area lots of room in the desert I imagine they were more concerned about a commuting distance for aerospace workers, which of at the time was concentrated in southern California
@NullHand5 ай бұрын
@@mcamp9445They did just that for the Nuclear Rocket tests in the 60's. They had at least one case of "reactor rich exhaust" that made a large swath of Jackass Flats too hot for human entry for a good long while.
@treelineresearch33875 ай бұрын
Good chance it was some much more mundane industrial chemical or heavy metal responsible, given these extremely reactive propellants don't last long before binding to something "in the wild". This was a time when carbon tet was just a good solvent for cleaning flux residue off electronics, PCBs were just a good oily dielectric for transformers, and cadmium was just a good metal to plate radio chassis with.
@VallornDeathblade5 ай бұрын
Consider that these chemicals badly want to react with anything they come in contact, and you are a big bag of water and chemicals. Honestly I'm surprised so many test engineers survived experiments like these.
@jimsvideos72015 ай бұрын
Aside, GHS pictogram speedrun is now my new favourite thing.
@eamonia4 ай бұрын
"That's right, we're gonna build a rocket with a controlled metal fire. I already _hate_ that sentence but that's just the beginning..." Haha!
@stevenrs115 ай бұрын
This is hands down my favorite KZfaq video
@cbuchner15 ай бұрын
So you’re about to be the next Scott Manley, I heard. Subbed. Loved the nitpicking about choice of units and improper mixing of imperial and SI.
@Alexander-the-ok5 ай бұрын
I’m not completely sure but Scott Manley may have been where I first heard about this engine.
@andyharman30225 ай бұрын
Engineers mix units that way when they're feeling frisky and want to have fun.
@letsburn005 ай бұрын
Improper mixing is hilariously confusing. I worked with some guys who ran a lab and used PSI and Celcius. It was infuriating.
@kukuc9617 күн бұрын
@@Alexander-the-ok YT recommends me the very video he talks about both this and dimethyl-mercury after watching this one, so that's quite possible.
@spinyheghog5 ай бұрын
They have footage video of the "small" liquid fluorine leak and pictures of the large explosion aftermath at the testing grounds a 15 foot thick slab of reinforced metallic groute yeah the Apollo launch pad material ,(also used to hard block drag engines fyi) melted a hole through to bedrock 30feet past it and the associated support vehicles 50 feet away were almost in a pool because the heat melted them flat and oxidized the rubber and glass off them, because storage was next to the electric fork lift charger. The engine was used for a booster in a thermonuclear icbm they made a handful and cancelled the project. And if you are like wait this is before wire edm and and iscar silicon carbide ceramic tooling used to mill satellite and inconel. You are correct. That's because they used manually controlled 100k psi water jet that used 100% Hydrogen peroxide in a form of chemical milling.
@absalomdraconis5 ай бұрын
They used hydrogen peroxide as a water cutting fluid. I guess that's better than somehow using FOOF, or Clorine Trifloride as a cutting fluid, but still...
@Blackwing23456355 ай бұрын
Usually engineering is about achieving a goal under pretty restrictive conditions - safety, budgets, different norms and standards, secondary goals, time, etc. And usually i like to learn about projects made with restrictions, because what's fun in just throwing all already known cool stuff at a problem with unlimited budget? But not in the case of the period of atomic and space races - it had no brakes to no limit at all, so it became art by itself. And the only limit - time - was so strict, that it made everything so much -worse- better. I can't help but picturing it as a bunch of mekboiz doing the most unhinged and deranged stuff.
@majortwit2 ай бұрын
Can we take a moment to appreciate the stunningly perfect name that is Rocketdyne? It just rolls around the mouth…
@0xEmmy5 ай бұрын
28:41 Temperature doesn't measure velocity, but kinetic energy, which is related to the *square* of velocity. Reducing the temperature by a factor of 2/5, reduces the velocity by only the square root of that factor, or a bit under half. This becomes even less of a factor, once we consider that the main energy source is not the LH2/LF2, but the lithium added to its exhaust. (Speaking of: I do wonder what would happen if a second F2 injector were added past the lithium.)
@TheAngryAstronomer5 ай бұрын
Immediate like for Portal music.
@TheAngryAstronomer5 ай бұрын
And another for "deadly neurotoxin" (if I could give another).
@SkyChaserCom5 ай бұрын
Terrifying set of chemicals in that project. Great video.
@davidryder33745 ай бұрын
It warms my heart that a video like this can get half a million views in two weeks. It (almost) renews my faith in mankind.
@harliethomas13785 ай бұрын
So awesome. I've studied rocketry for over 40 years and was aware of the use of lithium because it burns at like 13,000 F, enough to burn through anything that exists and the rule boost to ISP but didn't recall this tripropellant. The safety video is great. Also I don't know if they still have it but in the 80s they had a minute man guidance system the entire top section of the missile at Xavier University in Cincinnati that I got to play with. It was something to see all these computer boards you can pull out of slots just like apc in a radial pattern around the nose. I guess I was expecting custom soldered boards and a compact system and not a huge amount of extra space that was just empty around the boards. Something you might research is The accidental generation of a negative resister in that system causing power surges that had to be damped. I wish I was aware of that rumor in 1984 so I could have studied those boards more. It was just like in a store room and nobody paid any attention to it. I don't recall which Minuteman series that one was that I got to play with
@Alexander-the-ok5 ай бұрын
My next video is about the exact computer you are referring to - the D-17b. I’ve been desperately looking for someone that actually used one. I’m currently coding up a simulator for one. If you’re willing to share your experience with it, feel free to get in touch, I’m at enquiries@alex-hall.co.uk
@harliethomas13785 ай бұрын
@@Alexander-the-ok awesome! I'll send you an some info when I get a chance :)
@vitaszernys28936 ай бұрын
lmao i just by accident own the "ignition" book. I got a few pages in before stopping but might pick it up when i have time after this!
@Alexander-the-ok6 ай бұрын
It’s definitely worth at least skimming through. I’d never really thought much about how propellants were developed before I read it.
@someonespotatohmm95135 ай бұрын
The part where he talks about chlorine trifluride is especialy interesting. One of the things about the book that I find great is the way it puts the research and materials in context. The casualness that some quite nasty materials are covered and how that contrasts to how he talkes about some extremely nasty materials.
@mcguirecrsr5 ай бұрын
Absolutely do, it's insane.
@PaulaBean5 ай бұрын
There's a download of this book at library.sciencemadness.org/library/books/ignition.pdf
@HECKproductions2 ай бұрын
hydroflouric acid exhaust decomposing the launch pad is simultaneousley tho funniest and most terrifying thing i can imagine
@Mr_Lyric2 күн бұрын
I can imagine the phone conversations between nasa and rocketdyne NASA: “Hey man I think you should make a safety rap where about half of it is telling employees not to damage the enviroment." Rocketdyne: “Sure.” NASA: “Also what about that tripropellant rocket engine you were working on that literally shoots HF and LiF out the back?” Rocketdyne: “May be marginally too dangerous to use on crewed flights."
@MicaAvali5 ай бұрын
I love the portal references Edit: I just got to the end. That outro video. Whaaat
@alexdhall5 ай бұрын
Yeah it was definitely a product of the early 1990s. That and the whole push for banning CFCs to stop the hole in the atmosphere. I vaguely remember growing up as a kid hearing all about this in cartoons and other parts of popular culture. These days people could really care less about the environment and recycling. It's soo corny, and yet it has that 90s spirit of "we can do this" or something like that....
@vicroc45 ай бұрын
@@alexdhallSomething that aged especially well is the idea of refilling toner cartridges...
@Raketenclub6 ай бұрын
thx for the polaroid. :x what a beauty. i remember it well and still own some pics from me as a kid. playing with rockets! :D
@dragonridertechnologiesАй бұрын
I don't think my jaw has dropped in horror this many times during a single video before. This is giving me pleasant memories of the Things I Won't Work With blog! Exotic chemistry is always crazy to hear about. That red exhaust plume is really thematic, I have to also say.
@michaelimbesi23145 ай бұрын
Kilopounds are typically referred to as kips, and are used because we have to deal with a bunch of legacy stuff and converting everything over to SI is a pain in the ass, so using kips offers some of the ease of metric without the need to convert everything over. It has associated units as well, such as ksi (kips per square inch) for stress