In this video, the semiconductor basics have been explained.
By watching this video you will learn the following topics:
0:54 Types of material: Conductor, Insulator and Semiconductor
2:29 Basics of Semiconductor and the concept of holes and electrons in the semiconductor
6:06 Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductor
7:00 p-type and n-type semiconductor
The semiconductor materials like Silicon, Germanium, and GaAs are widely used in the electronics industry for making electronic devices like a diode, transistor, and other integrated circuits.
In terms of the conductivity, the conductivity of the semiconductor materials is in between the conductor and insulator.
Conductors like Copper, Silver has very good conductivity.
While insulators like Dry wood, rubber, mica have very poor conductivity. But the conductivity of the semiconductor is in between the conductor and insulator.
Moreover that in semiconductor, by adding the external impurities, the conductivity can be changed. And this property is mainly used in manufacturing various electronic devices.
Unlike conductor, in semiconductor, there are two types of charges which contribute in the flow of current.
1) Electrons
2) Holes
And by adding the external impurities the concentration of electrons and holes can be controlled.
The semiconductors can be classified into two categories
1) Intrinsic Semiconductor
2) Extrinsic Semiconductor
In the intrinsic semiconductor, no external impurities are added. And the concentration of holes and electrons is equal at the given temperature.
In the extrinsic semiconductor, the external impurities are added. And further depending on the type of external impurity, the extrinsic semiconductor can be classified as
1) p-type semiconductor
2) n-type semiconductor
p-type semiconductor:
In the p-type semiconductor, the trivalent impurities like Boron, Aluminum, and Gallium are added to generate the excessive holes.
n-type semiconductor:
In the n-type semiconductor, the pentavalent atoms like arsenic, antimony and phosphorous are added to generated the excessive electrons.
This video will be helpful to all the students of science and engineering in understanding the basics of the semiconductor.
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