Alpha Beta Gamma: History of Radioactivity [CC]

Рет қаралды 161,923

3 жыл бұрын

How was alpha, beta, and gamma radiation discovered and named? Why is there two kinds of beta radiation? Through the papers and letters of Marie and Pierre Curie, Ernest Rutherford, Paul Villard and more I tell the story of how and why the complex nature of radiation was discovered.
Some Links:
My mailing list:
kathylovesphysics.ck.page/wel...
My Patreon Page:
www.patreon.com/user?u=15291200
The music is from the fabulous Kim Nalley and find her at kimnalley.com
Fascinating article about the history of Rutherford’s radium: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
Video of the Hindenburg:
• Hindenburg Disaster: R...
Some references:
Rutherford, Ernest, (January, 1899) “Uranium Radiation and the Electrical Conduction Produced by It” Philosophical Magazine Vol. XLVII p. 116
Rutherford, Ernest, (January, 1899) “Uranium Radiation and the Electrical Conduction Produced by It” Philosophical Magazine Vol. XLVII p. 116
J Elster und H. Geitel “Weitere Versuche an Becquerel-strahlen” Annalen der Physik Band 69 (Sept 14, 1899) p. 88
Giesel, M “Ueber die Ablenkbarkeit der Becquerelstrahlen im magnetischen Felde” Annalen der Physik Vol 305, Issue 12 January 1, 1899
Curie, P “Action of the Magnetic Field on the Becquerel Rays” (January 8, 1900) Comptes Rendus No 2, Tome CXXX p. 74
Curie, P and Curie, M “On the Electric Charge of Deviable Rays of Radium” (March 5, 1900) Comptes Rendus No 10, Tome CXXX p. 648
Rutherford, Ernest to Newton, Mary Aug 11, 1895 quoted in Eve, A. S. Rutherford p. 56
Rutherford, Ernest to Newton, Mary Aug 3, 1898 quoted in Eve, A. S. Rutherford p. 55
Soddy, Fredrick, quoted in Schwoerer, H., Magil, J. Beleites, B. Lasers and Nuclei p. 131
Rutherford, E (Feb, 1903) “The Magnetic and Electric Deviation of the easily absorbed Rays from Radiation” Philosophical Magazine Vol V - Sixth Series p. 177
Rutherford, E (Feb, 1903) “The Magnetic and Electric Deviation of the easily absorbed Rays from Radiation” Philosophical Magazine Vol V - Sixth Series p. 177
Curie, M Radio-Active Substances (1904) p. 33
Curie, M Radio-Active Substances (1904) p. 33
Frederick Soddy quoted in Howorth, M Pioneer Research on the Atom (1958) p. 98
Frederick Soddy quoted in Howorth, M Pioneer Research on the Atom (1958) p. 112
Ramsay, W and Soddy, F “Experiments in Radioactivity, and the Production of Helium from Radium” (July 28, 1903) Proceedings of the Royal Society (Vol 72) p. 206
Rutherford, E and Royds, T “The nature of alpha particle from Radioactive Substances” Phil. Mag. 17 p. 286 (Jan 1909)
Rutherford, Ernest “Forty Years of Physics” in Background to Modern Science, 1938 p 48
Rutherford, Ernest “Forty Years of Physics” in Background to Modern Science, 1938 p 48
Rutherford, Ernest “Forty Years of Physics” in Background to Modern Science, 1938 p 48

Пікірлер: 369

@NicleT 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks Kathy. As always, love your history researches. (May I ask what’s the painting behind you? Tx)

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

My parents bought it years ago and I have no idea, sorry

@thomasgibson8025 2 жыл бұрын

I am a CIH suddenly fascinated and plunging into the study of radiation. Your videos are addictive. Thank you so much for the anecdotal info and technical content.

@rajibkudas123 Жыл бұрын

The best part of the video is it covers all the relevant events with reference to papers so that one can follow the developments with clear picture....so informative ...

@shawnmulberry774 3 жыл бұрын

It is hard to appreciate the amount of research the Curies had accomplished and how brilliant the work was when published. They were so good at describing observed phenomena and then sharing their relevant insights.

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

I can't get over how she rearranged her entire Ph.D. thesis with new information that she learned like 4 months earlier. Still blows my mind.

@mattbartley2843 2 жыл бұрын

As I understand it, Marie Curie is to this day the only person to earn Nobel prizes in two different fields of science: Physics and Chemistry. Her husband Pierre Curie shared the Physics Nobel with her, and later their daughter Irene and son-in-law Frederic earned Chemistry Nobel prizes.

@bazsnell3178 2 жыл бұрын

@@mattbartley2843 Wow!, just 'WOW'. Many thanks for that info. I'll be going to 'Google' research this amazing family and saving it amongst my Science Computer Archives.

@ancienttech4603 Жыл бұрын

I'm so happy I found your videos! Learning dry facts is dull and doesn't stick in my head half as well as learning the how and why of scientific discoveries.

@DickHoskins 2 жыл бұрын

Absolutely the best physics videos anywhere. Physics courses should include Kathy’s work right along with all the equations and labs. I bet we would have a lot more physicists and engineers. The experiments these people thought up are amazing and clearly the work of geniuses. Thank you, Kathy.

@pixxelwizzard 3 жыл бұрын

I have been devoting an inordinate amount of time to watching videos on KZfaq about radiation. I swear, you made this video just for me because it answers A LOT of the burning questions I've been left with. My only complaint is that the video isn't 2 hours long. :P I enjoyed this immensely, thank you!

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

That’s so funny! And so glad I could help (check out my origin of radioactivity video too, might help). Anyway, if you want to watch me blather on for almost 2 hours you can check out my lecture to a science group in India. kzfaq.info/get/bejne/bsmkrM6W0tDbXZc.html

@thomasgibson8025 2 жыл бұрын

I agree with the length. We demand longer videos (lol).

@keybawd4023 2 жыл бұрын

I had really no idea of the achievements of Rutherford. I knew that he discovered this and that, of course, but one forgets a name - but your biogs which turn a name into a person, illuminate what an incredible scientist he was. This is my second visit to this video and I don't hink it will be the last!

@bobmiller7502 2 жыл бұрын

we learn we love we live

@sathishb507 3 жыл бұрын

Hi Kathy, I'm Sathish from Chennai,India aged 32.I just left my Bank job after working 10 yrs to pursue degree in school teaching job ( physics). I love physics and especially the way to teach is so fascinating . I wish i could be like u and express like u. Not all teachers teach like u with that much history and interest. Ur igniting the minds . Thank you and I'm ur fan

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

So nice to meet you Sathish, and congratulations on your brave change of profession. If you want any high school teaching advice I have a lot of ideas. Cheers and good luck. 👍

@sathishb507 3 жыл бұрын

Just yesterday i left job with good resignation farewell party. I'm really honoured and privileged to get your reply. Thanks and will surely get ur advice . Take care

@jamespowell1442 3 жыл бұрын

Kathy,still with you,my grand children are still interested in science and you are a wonderful teacher!Keep up the good work!

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks for the compliment and so glad you can enjoy science history across the generations.

@ton146 2 жыл бұрын

My grandfathers brothers were the first people to make X-ray tubes in the UK and all died of radiation poisoning. My grandfather was the electrician in the glass blowing company. ( GC Aimer and co ) ( still exists today ) My father was born before they started the X-ray tubes so i have been unaffected. My Dad died at 92 about nine years ago. Tony

@albonyo 3 ай бұрын

We may never fully the sacrifices made by those who came before us,for the sake of human advancement

@Boooommerang Ай бұрын

Thanks for so precious information

@ramonescaba4293 2 жыл бұрын

it's fascinating to me having worked in a nuclear power plant for 25+ years and we always discuss all 3 types of penetrating radiation, great job knowing the history where it all started

@nandakishore2082 2 жыл бұрын

I am a high school chemistry faculty and I know how tough it's to connect the dots in history. You did it very systamatically. You're simply AWESOME maám. Thank you!

@grberendzenproductions312 2 жыл бұрын

I physics class in High School and in learning about electronics, I learned about a lot of the men you discuss, Volta, Ohm, Ampere, Galvani, Tesla, Edison, etc. but only learned a little about why things are named for them. I'm happily learning more in depth about them through your videos.

@j.dragon651 2 жыл бұрын

I go to the radium store every day now. Boy the old days were rough. You do great videos, I am always entertained.

@JohnMcPhersonStrutt Жыл бұрын

I am convalescing from a heavy cold. While doing so, I found myself binge watching KZfaq, and thus discovered the Kathy Loves Physics & History channel. I am delighted to have done so ! ! 'Tis an ill wind................

@pauljancenapplication-conc4487 Жыл бұрын

Watching your videos has become my hobby these days. There are so much details and information.

@randymack2222 2 жыл бұрын

I have always been interested in physics and chemistry, but your presentations add another level of color to the picture. Keep up the good work.

@wiregold8930 2 жыл бұрын

"Radium for sale! Get your red-hot Radium here today!" It just blows my mind a pharmacy would have a sample offered. I wonder how much it sold for. Another great video Kathy.

@alexanderscott9001 2 жыл бұрын

U should see the story on the "radium girls" who actually brushed their teeth with radium infused toothpaste. Didn't turn out to well for them unfortunately...

@225rip 3 жыл бұрын

So much work into this presentation! Thanks

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks. This one took me a while it’s true

@willerwin3201 2 жыл бұрын

I defended my dissertation about 6 months ago, and while I covered radiation history, it was more about the history of radiation health effects. This is an excellent rundown on the history of radiation itself; it makes me wish I had dived into these aspects of radiation history as well. Nicely done!

@glenmartin2437 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you. I am a retired Ph.D. research scientist. Marie Solamae Sklodowska Curie and Pierre were boyhood heroes. Thank you for your research and videos.

@android01978 2 жыл бұрын

Love what you’ve done here. So much information out there focuses on just one or two characters in the story. It’s great to see all the back and forth between them all

@brucewilliams6292 2 жыл бұрын

I love the way you present things from a historical perspective; it makes learning much easier!

@jimmyneql 2 жыл бұрын

Wonderful lecture. Your enthusiasm is contagious!

@jackspiker8234 2 жыл бұрын

Wow, it is so nice when I find a new channel that does such an excellent job of telling historical science. I really like your perky and enthusiastic style of telling the story. Really a fantastic job! Thank you so much.

@thoughtful_criticiser 2 жыл бұрын

Fascinating history and very well told. Thank you Kathy.

@neerajwa 2 жыл бұрын

This channel has quickly become my favorite channel. I find myself humming eeelekrisity ... eeeellekricitee every now and then

@climbeverest Жыл бұрын

Incredibly nice hand motions, we love it

@wesleydawe15 4 ай бұрын

Thank you Kathy for all the research you did resulting in this and other subjects.

@meow75714 4 ай бұрын

Maa'm your stories are the best. A great service to our understanding of evolution of physics. Please keep making more, and if you need any help, happy to do something for you.

@JoeA1974 2 жыл бұрын

Beautifully produced videos. You had me absolutely captivated. I think you are both entertaining and charismatic. What could be more fun than some fantastic moments in science history? I look forward to viewing several more. Thank you for sharing your enthusiasm for science and providing such excellent content.

@tomsadd9864 7 ай бұрын

Kathy, Christina and I throughly enjoyed your film. Please continue to bring light to the town of nowhere New Zealand. Much love, Dickens

@SpinStar1956 2 жыл бұрын

Excellent video, tying all these events and people together. To me, it makes it easier to remember when it is presented as a chronology rather than disparate facts. SUBSCRIBED!

@markspc1 2 жыл бұрын

Great show Kathy.

@williampowhida572 2 жыл бұрын

What magic your hand motions have, and I love your teaching, too. Keep it up!

@stevenclarke5606 2 жыл бұрын

Hi Kathy I have just started working my way through your videos, really interesting, informative and well presented.

@fromgermany271 2 жыл бұрын

Hi Kathy, took me one video to become a fan. One remark: the German named having an sound „[a͜I]“ in, are written with „ei“ instead of „ie“. But I suppose it’s easier for English natives to speak it correctly with „ie“. In German that would be pronounced as a longer „e“.

@dirkkruisheer 2 жыл бұрын

Correct, it's pronounced *gayger* not *geeger,* and is spelled "Geiger."

@briancrabtree9317 Жыл бұрын

Wonderful job explaining these discoveries

@markstewart9038 3 жыл бұрын

Wonderful as usual, Kathy! I'm also glad that this one didn't make me cry like the Marie Curie video.

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

So glad you liked it, even without the crying ;)

@kurtpena5462 2 жыл бұрын

Really solid content that is very well-presented. Thanks Kathy!

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 2 жыл бұрын

Glad you liked it

@lwcdnman 2 жыл бұрын

I really like your presentation style. It's great to find this great cache of videos I have not yet watched.

@simaocrispim8502 Жыл бұрын

Hello Kathy, kisses from Portugal! Your video has some of the best storytelling I have ever seen, it kept me awake and interested while learning a lot for my school project. You are a great teacher, byeee

@seanbryant2848 2 жыл бұрын

I discovered you today... your content is truly amazing, and I am going to be watching ALL your video presentations! You are amazing!

@bazsnell3178 2 жыл бұрын

Me too! Just came across it random and am now subscribed.

@lovinglife3847 2 жыл бұрын

Absolutely love the content of your channel. Looking forward to learning more.

@robertfindley921 2 жыл бұрын

I'm marching down all your videos. Wonderful. I learned some of this getting my electrical engineering degree, but forgot most. Kathy is a rock star!

@hyperdrunk83 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much! I've been looking forward to this video for a while and it did not disappoint! I have shared it with my students as well.

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

This one was a lot of work, don’t know why so it took me an inordinate amount of time. Glad you feel like it was worth the wait.

@afowler13 2 жыл бұрын

this was absolutely fascinating to watch. hearing about marie curie and the rest of the gang being so excited about getting access to radioactive materials really put a pit in my stomach, though

@wifightit 2 жыл бұрын

Great video! Subscribed. Can't wait to watch the next one. :D

@MrKidds 2 жыл бұрын

Great thanks to your amazing works! Can't stop watching it all!

@DanielMacao 2 жыл бұрын

I enjoy your intensity , how you propagate your knowledge

@erichodge567 Жыл бұрын

This channel is golden, and so important, because although we learn in many ways, we live by stories.

@Kathy_Loves_Physics Жыл бұрын

I love that!!

@thundercloud7850 2 жыл бұрын

Fascinating. I really want to know more about radiation. Your enthusiasm for the subject is compelling as well. Thanks

@yargonslavter 2 жыл бұрын

I've leard here more than my entire time in school. Thanks Kathy, you're amazing!

@krischurch5677 2 жыл бұрын

Just wanted to say thank you and really enjoy your story telling :)

@estoesplena101 2 жыл бұрын

This was Great 👍🏾 your content is amazing. Your personality , voice, paste and the way you put things together is just wonderful. I truly appreciate what you're doing. THANK YOU! Pd. I can also feel how passionate you are about these topics. 🙌🏾

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you for the lovely comment. Cheers, Kathy

@eddshackley8134 5 ай бұрын

Brilliant video, will be using lots of the history and context with my classes

@danielkaranja7978 2 жыл бұрын

This is an astonishing channel!!

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you

@johnclayden1670 Жыл бұрын

Highly enjoyable as always.

@tyharness2527 3 жыл бұрын

cant add anything thats not already said in the comment. Excellent as ever thank you

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

I always love a complement so thank you.

@glennsophie3235 3 жыл бұрын

I've just started viewing your videos and love them. Informative and I feel that I'm understanding the principles.

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

So glad.

@ronkirk5099 2 жыл бұрын

I always enjoy these interesting videos on science history. Thanks.

@brianmyers2667 2 жыл бұрын

Hey Kathy! Love your informative science videos! Thanks for being so awesome! BKM. In Tn.

@ratnamani8228 2 жыл бұрын

Knowing how Dangerous these Substances are, doesn't give me the Satisfaction of Watching an Informative Video. Appreciate the Content. 👍

@casualclicks733 3 жыл бұрын

wow, this video which summarised different researches is awesome. Thanks for this content. however at 16:15, i think there were 2 coworkers i.e H.Geiger and E.Marsden. i may be wrong though

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

Marsden was the young undergrad that Geiger was looking for a project for. According to Rutherford, Geiger was the one who came back and said that Marsten found that alpha particles bounce back sometimes. But you are right, both Geiger and Marsden were on the paper. Gave more details in the video about the discovery of the nucleus but I worried that this video had way too many people with way too many names.

@casualclicks733 3 жыл бұрын

@@Kathy_Loves_Physics thanks for clarification. Can't wait for next video

@AttilasWorkshop 2 жыл бұрын

As soon as Kathy says 'Lets go' instant thumbs up.

@DeTrOiTXX12 2 жыл бұрын

I really enjoy your videos!

@Scott-lz3pp 2 жыл бұрын

Just discovered this gem; thank you so much! I am very interested in the history of radiation/radioactive materials. I am a semi-retired degreed and licensed nuclear engineer. Thanks again.

@hafsabatool8895 2 жыл бұрын

What a lovely person you are thanks for the video !!

@jsprite123 2 жыл бұрын

Wow, you explained the difference between the 3 types of rays in the first 17 seconds! THANK YOU!!!! Many KZfaqrs drag on and on to get the basic point.

@osmanali8352 Жыл бұрын

I’m so happy you’re doing good thanks love

@johnbirkland6254 2 жыл бұрын

Fascinating. Excellent!

@sunnyray7819 2 жыл бұрын

Always interesting! Thanks for the great videos! I found your channel a few days ago on my feed. I am a big Tesla fan and it's great to learn more of the truth about him. I think he has been somewhat hyped but still a legend. Steinmetz is someone I have become more familiar the last year or two.. I am really looking forward to that video!

@larrykent196 Жыл бұрын

Interesting history, thanks for sharing.

@shawnmulberry774 3 жыл бұрын

Excellent work as usual. Thank you

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

Glad you liked it.

@jefffoster3557 3 жыл бұрын

So I love your easy to follow way of teaching.....but how could you not have a vid on Philo Farnsworth yet???

@nix-tube 4 ай бұрын

Nice to hear a video where not every little detail needs to be described to a lament.

@CharlesAustin 2 жыл бұрын

So great: helium electrons ..out of those early discoveries...Always !!.. interesting ... Thank you !!

@skrayraja Жыл бұрын

You are a wonderful teacher.

@JasonPurkiss 2 жыл бұрын

Im so glad I subscribed your history science stories are amazing thankyou

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you 😊

@MechaStreisand1 2 жыл бұрын

I love your channel so much!

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks so much.

@jenniferbradshaw6704 2 жыл бұрын

Amazing. You're a very engaging speaker.

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 2 жыл бұрын

Aww thanks

@SimonSozzi7258 3 жыл бұрын

I'm addicted to your videos!

@qwaqwa1960 3 жыл бұрын

Just finished listening to a very good play about Marie (from Audible)...

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

Oh, sounds interesting.

@aliexpress.official 3 жыл бұрын

What's it's name?

@theklown7990 3 жыл бұрын

What makes your videos so great, is your question, how do we know. Understanding their thought process is crucial to have an actual understanding for it. Its one thing for a textbook definition and a math problem, but if you can envision like they did to discover, then and only then do you truly understand.

@abelquiron2653 2 жыл бұрын

Another interesting video. Thanks.

@hellstormllc1277 2 жыл бұрын

All you videos are great!! On a different device I have two of your videos I'm watching and now this one just popped up on a new computer and I'm going to watch it.

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 2 жыл бұрын

Wow! No wonder my views are up ❤️

@yousufnazir8141 2 жыл бұрын

Best explanation of radiation and the history of the series of the scientific discoveries

@victorarnault 2 жыл бұрын

I love your lectures. You are so good teacher!

@osvaldocristo 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much for this portion of History!

@MrDsalomon 2 жыл бұрын

Another great lecture. Thanks. Slight misspelling Gieger -> Geiger

@apmrocks Жыл бұрын

I love your way of teaching...

@DumbSkippy 2 жыл бұрын

Love your videos #Kathy. I just subscribed, which is the least I can do to express my appreciation. Rutherford was a Kiwi. i.e. A New Zealander!

@geraldgibert6814 Жыл бұрын

here from buenos aires arg. love your videos an watched one with dave eevblog till the end

@jeffsiegwart 2 жыл бұрын

Nice Job! Thank you!

@larryteslaspacexboringlawr739 3 жыл бұрын

thank you for listing all the people discussed in your video

@saulorocha3755 2 жыл бұрын

This channel is a find. Thank you!

@DazzlinGDemos 3 жыл бұрын

Great video. The history makes the story

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

I am glad you liked it, and obviously I agree about the history

@johnishikawa2200 2 жыл бұрын

Great detective story-the information comes fast and furious! I know just enough physics to enjoy this...nevertheless I'm gonna watch this one several times in order to digest it...the material is that fascinating!

@madansharma2700 2 жыл бұрын

Great video. Should be compulsory watching for every chemistry beginners.

@jmchez 3 жыл бұрын

Awesome as alway! Looking forward to your Helium video.

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you! But I am already distracted, first a biography of Joseph Fraunhofer, then a video on how we know the composition of the stars *then* a video on helium. Whew!!

@jmchez 3 жыл бұрын

@@Kathy_Loves_Physics That's a good sequence. Fraunhoffer, Kirchhoff and Bunsen, Father Angelo Secchi and then, Helium. I think that, this Christmas, you'll be on my list. A Patreon gift is in order. Have a great holiday season and see you in the next (better?) year.

@Kathy_Loves_Physics 3 жыл бұрын

@@jmchez I have to look into Father Secchi! My (tentative) plan was Fraunhofer, Kirchhoff & Bunsen, William and Margaret Huggins, then the "Harvard Computers": Willahmina Fleming, Annie Cannon, Henrietta Leavitt... But it often changes as I investigate. Hope you have a calm and healthy holiday season and, yes, may next year be better than this one!