To the question, which has higher more mortality Acute MR vs AR? This is not a valid comparison. Its like asking which one is worse CKD or CCF. Because Acute MR and AR are due to a cause and this cause dictates the prognosis. We have data about acute MR in SHOCK registry [PMD MR] here 39% died in hospital. There is another series of acute MR that says 30 day mortality is 22% with degenerative MR doing better. So, we have some data with MR. In acute AR, we have data for Aortic dissection [short term mortality = 31%] and Endocarditis. In IE in two large series it is around 20-30%. I dont know much about BMV, a JIPMER series of 2018 says 30 day mortality after BMV is about 4 or 5%. This sounds lower than MI related MR. So, I would say mortality depends on etiology and generalization is not useful.

To the question on apical-carotid delay in Aortic stenosis - The values are : Normal = 70 ms , AS = 130 ms. This is described in ancient studies done with an apexcardiogram and carotid pulse. The main caveat for this is, we have to. interpret. this with caution. So many conditions may affect this: 1) young [brisk upstroke] vs old 2) Carotid artery disease 3) LV dysfunction 4) Associated infarct at apex 5) Associated valve disease [MR, AR] 6) Tachycardia or AF 7) Others - COPD, chest wall causes. So, practically it is a useless entity ! I am surprised people are interested in this medicine practiced on Egyptian mummies.