Rainwater harvesting has been the most common technology adopted in water conservation, but is limited to areas experiencing ample rainfall. The namib desert in southern Africa doesn't see much rainfall. In the namib, fog is way more common than rain. Some of it gets blown over on Atlantic winds, some of it radiates up from the ground.
Altogether, there are usually between 60 and 200 foggy days in the desert each year. Same in the case of southwest Morocco, at the edge of the Sahara desert, Chile's Atacama desert, South Africa, Kenya, and many other countries. Here, fog is captured to supply water for drinking and cooking directly to homes in rural villages.
Thanks to an ingenious technology that catches fog in this mountainous region near the coast. Historians don't know exactly how old the practice of fog collection is, but modern fog collectors use large sheets of mesh strung up on hillsides to bring drinking water and water for irrigation and reforestation.
Fog collectors can be used in regions and deserts that receive less than one millimeter of rain each year, but to work, they require fog and light winds. Water can be harnessed from anywhere where fog density is high, especially in coastal and hilly areas where fog moves inland. Driven by the wind.
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