The universe is older then he thinks. This makes his statement false.

@@Heinz-bx8sd i heard it started last Tuesday!

They are giving prizes to destructions and addictions; learn about the story of your enslavement 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary]💖

@@Heinz-bx8sd Its actually 2023 years old!

@@Number6_how old is the universe in seconds? Is it not 4.36x10e7?

Finally, a fact about science that I can immediately understand.

You can put them together with ancient scientist, They build the magic of chemistry, now is magic of lightning.. In soon we can time travel in attosecond speed..

They are giving prizes to destructions and addictions; learn about the story of your enslavement 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary]💖

"... and lasers don't interfere with our samples ..." had me laughing

And this - people dickering around with cool stuff, or even just boring stuff - is how we advance.

They are giving prizes to destructions and addictions; learn about the story of your enslavement 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary]💖

His response: "Really? That's it?"

He's really made waves in the world of science.

​@@vigilantcosmicpenguin8721You. Take my like and get out.

They are giving prizes to destructions and addictions; learn about the story of your enslavement 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary]💖

@@vigilantcosmicpenguin8721 😂

The signal-to-noise ratio is a fundamental buggeration in a lot of scientific & technical areas. My field was environmental science, & I dabble in music-making & sound-recording. 2 entirely unconnected subjects where I've had to deal with it. :)

Single digit nano is 1e-9, my guy.

They are giving prizes to destructions and addictions; learn about the story of your enslavement 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary]💖

nithya gandhi

I think this happens because the importance of the prize is less about money or fame going to individual scientists and more about public attention getting directed toward fields of study that scientists know are really cool, but that most regular people don't spend much time thinking about.

@@VeganSemihCyprus33 if i see this cut and paste once more i'll report spam.

That is because any groundbreaking work in their field can be immensly helpful to their own research in so many ways. ON top of that it puts a spotlight on their area of science, which makes it easier to gain grants, makes more students interested in your specific field etc. etc.

It’s very distracting! 😅

Sounds like the cherry on the top

WOOOOOO

They are giving prizes to destructions and addictions; learn about the story of your enslavement 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary]💖

@@VeganSemihCyprus33 get!

Begone, fake prizes spammer!

Yes, yes, but let's try to not 🤯 everyone at once.

Well, there are more Planck times than a lot of things.

They are giving prizes to destructions and addictions; learn about the story of your enslavement 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary]💖

​@@PeterBarnes2most of things actually.

Now you're just showing off. ;)

They are giving prizes to destructions and addictions; learn about the story of your enslavement 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary]💖

@@VeganSemihCyprus33 ???

Exactly, like Gigi D'Agostino. :)

@@VeganSemihCyprus33 YAY! 😊😊 Learn about your enslavement today 👉 --- 💖💖💖💖

😂

Do you know how many anchovies there are, & how much of which oceans they occupy? :)

@@DickHolman A truly ponderous question... perhaps the answer is buried in the research paper? ... my back of the envelope calculations suggest the answer is "Lots" and "Lots".

@@daz4627 :D Lots² is about right. Some Ig-Nobles make you go "They WHAT?", but when you look at the larger field they make sense. Mostly. :)

Did they actually just exploit quantum leap to turn it into a laser 🤣🤣 leveraged uncertainty ! why fear the unknown embrace it this is how we win.. brilliant

It goes way beyond bais in the committee. The whole thing only awards prizes in five specific "genres". It's not like the Oscars committee saying "Eh, none of us is interested in French womens' basketball, so we're not giving a prize to this movie." It's at the level of "Sports movies are not eligible: we only do historical dramas, comedy, action and science fiction."

Don’t give up. Never quit.

@@canadiangemstones7636 that type of thinking got me here in the first place lol. It's more like "quit when your brain is screaming so loudly for you to TAKE A BREAK before it forces you to take a break" lol

Sounds like things are getting better for you. I hope that continues. Time can certainly help.

Taking a break is not giving up. You are taking care of yourself. I think that's the opposite of giving up

what a clear and easy to grasp explanantion, i avoided this video cos i thought it was hype, but so glad i found this guy.

I'm not sure what it is about him or his voice, but I could listen to Professor Copeland talk about Physics for hours (and I have lol).

@@TheHackysack his soothing voice and excitement to discuss physics is what brings me back. I regularly put on a playlist of Sixty Symbols videos that he has appeared in when I'm going to bed. It helps keep my mind from racing and I can actually fall asleep. And I might actually be absorbing some knowledge while I do it lol.

I mean, fair

They should put some corrections on this video, but only after Agostini gives some kind of public respect on the efforts of Corkum on this =D

Paul Corkum certainly contributed a significant amount of work to attosecond physics. I would also point to the common misconception that his team was the first to explain the mechanism underlying attosecond pulse generation. The Nobel Committee correctly detailed that Kulander et al. defined the rescattering model at the same time as the three step model (and actually published before the three step model).

@@timothygorman3691 In my opinion, the fact that the mention of every single individual mentioned in this video should be followed by “et al” (as you did in your reply) underlines the silliness in looking to name individuals for these prizes any longer.

@@briandeschene8424 I think that there need to be some rule changes to allow the prize to be given to teams as well as individuals, or they perhaps ought to create a separate set of prizes for teams. As has been mentioned multiple times in this comment section modern science is frequently done by teams and incrementally by people who add to our knowledge over time, sometimes without even meeting each other. Three people is now too few and I think a consensus is building behind the need for some sort of rule change in that area.

When i first heard about the prize and the research, i literally went “what?” Thats too simple how did that win?

It isn't like physicists didn't know this or think of this concept before but you need quite powerful and stable femtosecond lasers to do the experiments Ed describes in order to achieve such high electric fields that they compete with that of the nucleus of the atom. These lasers weren't properly developed until the last 2-3 decades of the 20th century.

They have been thinking about that for over a hundred years. And every modern device you use that communicates are using this principle. The difference is that they reached a limit of how small wavelenghts it was possible to produce since light has a finite wavelenght. The price if for a novel way of producing smaller wavelenghts by exiting electrons that then radiate their energy in form of shorter wavelenghts.

IKR. 😅😅

Brb. Going to vibrate some lead weights to create femtosecond gravitational pulses.

Would love to have you post again man!

These videos really create more questions than they answer. Only makes me want to dig deeper!

They are giving prizes to destructions and addictions; learn about the story of your enslavement 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary]💖

There is no reason to use this light for photolitography because for a transform-limited pulse (best case) the spectral width is very large. A picosecond is (much!) smaller than an oscillation of the EM field at visible wavelengths, to give some intuition about this. It is however amazing for pulse-probe schemes, as explained in the video!

@@mio_qo Thank you. I figured there had to be downsides of generating things in this way.

I never read anything about the Nobel prize winners. I just wait for the Sixty symbols video.

They are giving prizes to destructions and addictions; learn about the story of your enslavement 👉The Connections (2021) [short documentary]💖

Unironically. This type of stuff matters for semiconductor research. An ssd is conceptually just a modern cd.

It was for CPA, an amplification method that allows pulses to reach ultra intensities, but yes it does fall into the ultra fast category.

hi , not a professor since the 23 December 2013

@@georgen9755 I appreciate your commitment to factual accuracy. He'll always be my professor 🙂

I think it's a bit more complicated than that. The photosensitive chemicals in the rods and cones in our eyes need a minimum of seven photons of sufficient energy to strike a molecule within a certain time period to cause it to trigger a signal in the optic nerve. That means there's a range where the attosecond pulse has to deliver the right amount of energy, so it can't be arbitrarily low or arbitrarily high. Even then, there's no guarantee that our brains will recognise that signal, because there'll be a threshold there too.

Having worked in an attosecond lab: - The attosecond pulses are not visible because our eye cannot detect the wavelength. Also as @RichWoods23 suggested, they would probably be to weak to be seen anyways. -But visible-wavelength femtosecond pulses (1000 attoseconds, so still way to short for the eye to resolve) can absolutely be seen. We shoot such a pulse 100 to 1000 times a second so to our eyes it really looks continuous. However if the pulses hit some material it heats up and expands a bit for each pulse. This creates a regular pressure wave so basically sound. So we hear this humming noise whenever we hold something into a focused beam.

theres a limit of 3. unless it was done by an organization.

Wondering that too. How much of a leap between 'measuring where it is' and 'forcing it to be where we want it'. Will this be a stepping stone to become able to 'weld' atoms together in stead of pushing them together and hope for the best.

From what I recall, femtoseconds tell you a lot about the transition states of chemical reactions. (See: 1999's Nobel Prize winner in chemistry, Ahmed Zewail.)

@@DreadX10 Quite hard, because to combine two atoms you need the atoms to be near enough to one another at the same time the laser pulse arrives. Even then you need to create conditions that are energetically favorable for the atoms to combine. If you knock off electrons from the atoms, for example, you create two ions that repel. You might be able to change the state of the valence electrons so that in each atom you have an unpaired electron and so that there is an attractive force, but if it's not a ground state configuration, it is unstable.

😂

Agreed. It is also why it should be possible to award Nobel Prizes to more than three people IMHO.

😂

If it's x-rays then it will have multiple oscillations, but there are "few cycle" or even half-cycle laser pulses, where the pulse duration is the same duration as a half cycle of oscillation. An X-ray period (say one angstrom wavelength) is 10^-19 s whereas an attosecond is 10^-18 s.

For the laser: Looking at the explaination around 6:00: IR is used because its wavelength is longer than that of visible light. This means that it also takes longer for the direction of the electric field to change. Therefore the electron has more time to get accellerated and will gain more energy. For the gas: As far as I am aware Neon was just used because Noble gases have a very simple structure. By now many other gases and materials have been studied and the effect also works.

Maybe more powerful computers? comptuers all run on crystal oscillators pulsing at a certain speed, if you can pulse with atosecond pulse lenghts that should speed thigns up dramatically. Maybe used with the new light computers that could handle these osiclliating speeds, because im not sure traditional transitors could. But im thinking more practically it will be used to measure things, if you have that kind of pulse resolution, you can probe small things in time, or run things really fast. Im just speculating im not an expert, but in my recent work with microncontrollers, im learning the CPU uses pulses everywhere, for timers, everyhing, its resolution / speed ultimately depending on the time delay between pulses, the heart of the CPU is the oscilliator,and this could be a next gen one.

Yes!! I did my masters on this! This is going to be a bit long winded but I haven't got to talk about this stuff for ages :) TLDR; Since power is energy over time - as time gets shorter, power increases (if we can keep energy high). There is theoretical work that shows that the relativistically oscillating mirror method can take us up to 1E29 Wcm-2!! At this energy quantum electrodynamics predicts the vacuum itself breaks down and forms electron positron pairs spotaniously. At this energy the vacuum is also expected to refract light depending on polarisation and direction of travel. Mad lol --- After this work on gases, another method that uses relativistically oscillating plasma mirrors was developed (ROM)- Ionise a surface with a pre pulse and then shine a powerful femto second laser at it. The EM field couples with the free electrons in the plasma, they line up along the incoming wavefronts. This electron surface acts as a mirror since the electrons align themselves to cancel any field incident on its surface. The electrons move with the field and so the mirror moves back and forth as the field switches sign. This motion is fast - very fast and is dependant on the frequency of the incident radiation. As the mirror approaches the speed of light its gamma coefficient spikes. Contained during these spikes, non linear optical effects lead to the generation of harmonics of the incident laser pulse. Incident radiation is shifted up proportional to 4gamma^2 . These harmonics then overlap just like in the video and we get the same train (only more efficient). There's a lot to like about the mirror method. First of my masters was on shaping the incoming pulse, if you can make the mirror move faster, then you will generate higher harmonics and therefore your pulse can be shorter and more efficient. So use multiple colours with their phase alligned and you can double the efficiency!. There is no limit to pulse intensity like there is in gas harmonic generation, after a certain threshold the mechanism discussed in the video no longer works. This does not apply to the mirror. ROM generation is also more efficient at baseline. So more energy from the original pulse is deposited in the train. The emitted radiation is also diffraction limited so is incredibly well focussed and coherent. We love to see it :)

@@mikejones-vd3fg idt a faster oscillator is what's needed here. the issue with that specifically is the amount of heat that computers give if you have them run too fast (this is why room-temperature superconductors would be huge breakthrough).

@@gloo0m this is incredibly promising! Are there any specific publications you recommend regarding this? Ah all the phenomenon we can explore at such small scale, high energy densities!! I don't think I've been this excited for a nobel in years

@@alicewonder259 The main paper I'd recommend for more of an overview of small-scall, high-field physics (rather than the great engineering work described above) are a progress article (by Corkum and Krausz in Nature): 10.1038/nphys620 There's also a whole set of other related topics to this: high harmonic generation, strong field ionization in general, quantum control, and molecular movies. I'm must admit I'm a bit biased - currently doing my PhD in the field...

I feel like a phased array is something akin to a 3 dimensional Fourier series and that's a tech that was done in the 2nd world war.

There are 892 elementary particles with lifetimes less than an attosecond. There are even 15 particles with a lifetime of less than a yoctosecond, according to Wolfram Alpha. So for certain particles, an attosecond is very long. But for most, it is short enough.

soliton physics !

Things like this also make me happy, but I don't think any scientific discovery/discoveries could redeem "the bad stuff" humans have done, nor would it/they need to. I personally just appreciate the discovery as is. I do see why you feel the way you do, and I appreciate your attitude towards humans.

Yeah I understand you. I’m not saying it redeems it in any moral sense, just that it redeems the human species in my viewpoint.