World's worst video card? The exciting conclusion
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5 жыл бұрынFor part 1, see this video: • The world's worst vide...
Let's build a circuit that displays an image on a VGA monitor! In part 2, I talk about how VGA uses analog RGB signals to send different color pixels to the monitor. I use an EEPROM to store an image and build a simple digital-to-analog converter to generate the color signals to successfully display an image.
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@BenEater 3 жыл бұрын
Want more information or want to try building this yourself? Check out eater.net/vga for schematics, kits, and more!
@mynameiszoro 3 жыл бұрын
Nice!
@andyanderson3301 3 жыл бұрын
It's more like a cga. No DCA, and few bits on each line. I guess I haven't done those for 30 years... Hahahaha 🤣 (I was and graphics engineer).
@achtsekundenfurz7876 3 жыл бұрын
I'd say something like the 16-color mode on the CGA, which was actually text mode, but drew no more than the top 1/4 of each character. The characters were either 220 or 221 IIRC (solid block left half. solid block right half), so that you could have 160 "pixels" per line: 80 characters, half foreground and half background color. Background couldn't be anything >7, which rendered some rather bright combinations impossible (like 15/9: white/sky-blue). The 100 lines rather than 200 were a limitation of the video RAM, which would have been too small for 200. More recently, there were hacks which sacrificed even more resolution on the CGA and used the characters 216 to 218 (25% foreground color, 50% foreground color, 75% foreground color) to dither in a 16-color mode. The results were "plasma" demo effects in text mode and a video player called "8088 Corruption" which ran on a 1981 IBM PC. And a demo called "8088 MPH" which ran on the same PC. All of these are on YT, and there's another video called "CGA doesn't suck THAT much!" or similar. Some of those examples are quite impressive.
@manueldignani3510 3 жыл бұрын
Can you Make this video card controlled by an Arduino? And you can take an image directly from your computer, or a text...
@AidenJooMV 3 жыл бұрын
Nice! Does it have instructions? Also You are no longer answering me 😭
@ubertgold 5 жыл бұрын
"what do you want from me, I'm trying to build a video card on breadboards" - best thing I've heard all day
@cda32 5 жыл бұрын
I'd like your comment but it has exactly 256 likes right now and that's also too cool
@cda32 5 жыл бұрын
ah nevermind someone messed it up
@yashasbharadwajhs 5 жыл бұрын
The other one funny line was “as much fun as colorful stripes are, I want to display more complex image”
@maulaahmad2542 5 жыл бұрын
I read this as he said it
@reznovvazileski3193 5 жыл бұрын
@@cda32 there's always still 2048 from this point :P
@Braeden123698745 5 жыл бұрын
Man I want Ben's super power of being able to pull properly sized wires right out of thin air.
@leowise2008 5 жыл бұрын
Yes! it was magic! I remember cursing all the time when I was trying to wire a flip-flop in class! I was thinking " there has to be a f****ing better way to do this!"!!!
@mysterythecat971 5 жыл бұрын
@@leowise2008 build it twice. Ben does. Then again he is a technomage.
@DouglasZwick 5 жыл бұрын
Like Professor Farnsworth, he probably has a drawer where he keeps assorted lengths of wire.
@Archgeek0 5 жыл бұрын
I'm more impressed that he's got them pre-routed for his board.
@tray3989 5 жыл бұрын
You have 256 likes. Please don't ruin it :)
@skynet1024 3 жыл бұрын
this guy teaching electronics, graphics design, programming and everything in a single video... man that's my entire engineering degree.
@RXC13 5 ай бұрын
As a teacher with a CS and Math background, I can tell you that while this is really impressive, it isn't teaching.
@HeavyReign12 4 ай бұрын
@@RXC13Isn't he teaching if I'm learning from him?
@nidavis 4 ай бұрын
@@RXC13 yes it's much more useful than any formal teaching I got as a CS major!
@damienostler4531 3 ай бұрын
@@nidavis based
@xjustinjx Ай бұрын
Teachers don't teach kids, they indoctrinate them, it's 2024. This was great, watching that simple effective python script put my python class in perspective. My teacher didn't once teach anything the entire semester, I got a 100% and two certifications, but didn't understand anything, watching that little bit just blew my mind as to why python is necessary and especially when a try except is used.
@quickreelbrand Жыл бұрын
No way he changed between 4 ROMs in order to display his patreons and the bird as well. Just amazing.
@AlekseySmolenchuk 5 жыл бұрын
Also showing off your photoshop, vim, python, and bash skills. This is truly "full stack" engineering.
@Mayank-mf7xr 5 жыл бұрын
ben is a god of electronics for me .
@allat0nce 4 жыл бұрын
@@Mayank-mf7xr ben is based af
@maxhouseman3129 4 жыл бұрын
I like him, but as an engineer it is for me totally normal to know or learn several things to succeed in a project.
@hectornonayurbusiness2631 4 жыл бұрын
He flexing on all of us
@aorusaki 4 жыл бұрын
Hahahaha
@notkanye8770 5 жыл бұрын
NVIDIA hates him! Find out how he made his own video card with one weird trick!
@aesthet1k_ 5 жыл бұрын
10/10
@zo1dberg 5 жыл бұрын
Crypto mining farms love him - he's saved them millions!
@maxbouch1128 5 жыл бұрын
his kids hates him cause thats all they gonna get
@prince_keke 5 жыл бұрын
Only 1% gamers can beat lvl 6
@DylanMcMullen 5 жыл бұрын
Lol nah AMD has more to worry about if this card goes to market
@clysmo_ Жыл бұрын
Parts List: 10 Mhz Crystal Oscillator (Full Can) 28C256 EEPROM 74LS161 (x6) 74LS04 (x4) 74LS30 (x8) 74LS00 (x3) 1.5k Ohm Resistor (x3) 680 Ohm Resistor (x3) 15 Pin VGA Female Breakout Board Hookup / Jumper Wire 4 Breadboards
@deadytm Жыл бұрын
thnkx a lot !
@antonydecosta6262 Жыл бұрын
Can of beer x3
@a.c.2659 Жыл бұрын
@@antonydecosta6262more like gram of meth 10x if you want to build this irl
@MattiaDelFranco 14 күн бұрын
- Electronic Engineering Degree
@jhiggz9258 3 жыл бұрын
Beautiful stuff. I've always worried that the HOW gets invisibly embedded in megachips, potentially lost forever. You keep it alive and visible to the learner. Thanks for that.
@kevinedmunds7745 2 жыл бұрын
chill that’s a lil scary to think about
@eaaeeeea 4 жыл бұрын
All my life, this is exatly the level I've wanted someone to explain and demonstrate me how a picture on the screen is created. Thank you very much!
@rich1051414 4 жыл бұрын
It's simultaneously less magical yet also somehow more impressive at the same time.
@nicktimmerman2062 4 жыл бұрын
Same for me. I just could not comprehend a human could keep track of whats happening. Ofcourse this is simplified but the perfect amount so I can accept that it is indeed possible
@damiengates7581 4 жыл бұрын
It's deeper than this
@damiengates7581 4 жыл бұрын
@@nicktimmerman2062 mathematical formulas keep track
@ionrael 4 жыл бұрын
Redstone KZfaqrs "it's actually quite simple"
@Sergio0694 5 жыл бұрын
"It might not be the most incredible resolution, but what do you want from me, I'm trying to build a video card from breadboards". Ahahahah bless you Ben, this is amazing work!
@rainerzufall5627 5 жыл бұрын
Found at 4:53. Made me laugh so hard as well :D
@AiOinc1 5 жыл бұрын
Blondihacks has a good series on this too, with very similar comments
@GORF_EMPIRE 5 жыл бұрын
Give him a New Jersey accent and that statement would be perfect!
@mikeb1596 5 жыл бұрын
You beat me to it. Best quote ever
@Anthony-ym6iz 5 жыл бұрын
Love that comment! Ben is simply awesome! Brilliant!!!!!!!
@rikvdmark 2 жыл бұрын
I love projects like this. They don’t really serve any practical purpose but they’re invaluable for learning concepts. And just to understand what goes into every day stuff we take for granted. In a nutshell, awesome videos Ben!
@blackdeath4eternity Жыл бұрын
what you mean you wouldn't use this as a video card for a raspberry pie? :P
@mihajlojovic8631 Жыл бұрын
I thought gpus are expensive, but from now I am not sure anymore
@Dude8718 7 ай бұрын
@@blackdeath4eternityman the raspberry pi already has a better video card than this tho. I've played Minecraft on my raspberry pi
@KDYinYouTube 5 ай бұрын
@@mihajlojovic8631learn more about gpu before comment
@godly3399 3 жыл бұрын
"I'm not going to hook this to a computer, at least not yet..." *flashes image of breadboard computer*
@jincyquones 5 жыл бұрын
I love how you can just hot swap out EEPROM chips to change the image. It makes it feel like some vintage slideshow tech from an old sci-fi movie.
@jaaguar13 5 жыл бұрын
Now, lets give this idea to the professors at university :D No powerpoints or anything. Just breadboards.
@nagualdesign 5 жыл бұрын
PowerPoint 0.1
@Leuel48Fan 5 жыл бұрын
Hot swap a dozen or so EEPROMs having a second person reprogram them to a different image in a "circular assembly line" fashion. Call it a 0.05 FPS video card system and ship it! *Requires 2 operators
@cinderwolf32 5 жыл бұрын
@@Leuel48Fan brilliant
@GigsVT 5 жыл бұрын
@@Leuel48Fan In the 747 they used as mobile nuclear command they had a button on the podium that would flash a light for someone in the back room to change the slide on the slide projector. They can order world destruction from the plane but it took two people to make a slideshow.
@permissionBRICK 4 жыл бұрын
That was the most epic way I have ever seen someone honor their patreons
@danielmalo1753 4 жыл бұрын
Honor? More like show off
@TheBandy01 4 жыл бұрын
@@danielmalo1753 Looks like someone's jealous.
@questwalkerko 4 жыл бұрын
what is that pfp?
@Thewolfobsessedgamer 4 жыл бұрын
@@questwalkerko it's Stein from the anime Soul Eater
@MH_Binky 4 жыл бұрын
Shiroe from Log Horizon.
@dylangergutierrez Жыл бұрын
As an analog IC designer, this is so fascinating to watch. You're deeply knowledgeable in everything you do, and you're hacking in the truest sense of the word. At the same time, you do things where I'm like "Wait! That's illegal!" And any applications engineer would have a stroke over. And it just... Works beautifully. And it's an excellent teaching tool.
@pptheastrologer6870 5 ай бұрын
As a complete noob, and someone wanting to get into this, I'm kinda curious what you find illegal here
@RedHair651 4 ай бұрын
I also want to know @@pptheastrologer6870
@life_score 3 жыл бұрын
That’s a whole lot of “Digital Logic Design”, “Integrated Circuits”, and “Computer Architecture” classes combined in two interesting videos! Well done. 👏🏼
@simohamedrayeneslimani3418 3 жыл бұрын
Was watching this to fall asleep, ended up getting a coffee.
@kasberkhof7958 3 жыл бұрын
Lol same. Was watching with one eye open and when i closed my open eye I got annoyed and opened again. Then just sat up right
@ogt92fromthe1step9 3 жыл бұрын
Same here 🤣
@michaeldonoghue9015 3 жыл бұрын
Ben Eater: digital electronics ASMR channel
@jamesperez-sanchez7573 3 жыл бұрын
Lmao
@lotychannel6126 3 жыл бұрын
Almost same. I watched this afternight amd fell asleep
@casinatorzcraft 4 жыл бұрын
Screw powerpoint next time I do a presentation I'm gonna hotswap EEPROMs for my homemade vga video card
@catdog69kool Жыл бұрын
Oh man, that 4 bit output voltage divider really tickled me. That's so true genius in it's simplicity.
@ZzSlumberzZ Жыл бұрын
i agree. almost seems like a miracle how the numbers work themselves out.
@mineteam0 10 ай бұрын
its not about the numbers adding up. its just basic electric physics where 1+1 = 2 in terms of current
@TheGoodChap 8 ай бұрын
Yeah I was immediately stumped as to how he was going to vary the voltages and that was clever
@mt_xing 3 жыл бұрын
You can tell a hardware person's writing code when there's a try-catch just to check for a valid index.
@davidy22 3 жыл бұрын
Python devs be like
@HentaiNat 2 жыл бұрын
What should you do in that case?
@davidy22 2 жыл бұрын
@@HentaiNat Check for the valid index instead of intentionally doing an invalid index to catch the exception
@HentaiNat 2 жыл бұрын
@@davidy22 How would that look like?
@mt_xing 2 жыл бұрын
@@HentaiNat Just use an if/else instead of a try/catch. Not only is your intent clearer to someone reading your code, it'll also run much faster.
@AL_O0 5 жыл бұрын
Please select your graphics adapter: 1- CGA 2- EGA 3- Tandy 4- VGA 5- Ben Eater’s Breadboard graphics card
@mfree80286 5 жыл бұрын
BEBGA, Ben Eater's Breadboard Graphics Adapter.
@dangerx69 5 жыл бұрын
I remember some dos games had options to choose those
@mysterythecat971 5 жыл бұрын
6-Hercules
@GexPlayerMD 5 жыл бұрын
CGA EGA SEGA PS-ONE PS2 PS3 PS4
@masochisticcooking7078 5 жыл бұрын
His graphics card is better then the one in my computer
@Mondkalb 5 жыл бұрын
+1 for the audio-environment that your keyboard adds to the python explanation segment.
@philrod1 5 жыл бұрын
Definitely not butterfly keys
@uraniumglow2678 5 жыл бұрын
Funny to see you here! Now get back to working on GM. :P
@blodstainer 5 жыл бұрын
That mech board glory
@tonikotinurmi9012 5 жыл бұрын
@@blodstainer Yup, lot faster than any other kind to type on.
@blodstainer 5 жыл бұрын
@@tonikotinurmi9012 it's more to do with the feeling and typing experience than speed. Rubber domes just feel bad, and while I like scizor switched, I definitely prefer colicky or tactile mechs. Or hell, buckling spring Model M styles
@bimbirobotics1050 2 жыл бұрын
the fact that the image it produced is actually not bad and you can even tell what the image is of (to an extent) is impressive good job!
@HallOfMemeYT Жыл бұрын
He already mentioned it's distorted because low Frequency 10MHZ
@bimbirobotics1050 Жыл бұрын
@@HallOfMemeYT i know that, its impressive how good it is.
@lorenpearson1230 2 жыл бұрын
Not sure why this came up as a recommendation, but we built these 30 years ago in a tech course, as part of our understanding of the display schematics and these signals. We also built the power supplies and operational amplifiers, etc. The fun part was denying the colors and interpreting the interference. Nice to see they are all discrete chips today.
@tehedx 5 жыл бұрын
Swapping eeproms will be a good replacement for powerpoint presentations. Impressive work!!
@marwinthedja5450 5 жыл бұрын
That's a great idea! One slide per EEPROM - will definitely keep the number of slides down ;)
@adamw.8579 5 жыл бұрын
@@marwinthedja5450 Stack 50 EPROMs one by one and switch CE pin only.
@forestmanify 5 жыл бұрын
It's the future! :p
@GabrielDalposso 5 жыл бұрын
There should be a 90s or something movie where the character does this
@tuesss 5 жыл бұрын
@@marwinthedja5450 Actually, two slides per EEPROM, because one bit was left unused - could easily hook up a switch there. Technically over 5 slides could fit because there were also some unused columns and only 6 bits of every byte were used, but that'd require a much more complex circuit, of course.
@sto2779 4 жыл бұрын
This dude deadass built a video card from IC chips and directly plugged it into a flat screen monitor. He did everything from scratch. That's real talent.
@Atovange 4 жыл бұрын
No talent bro, I bet he studied a lot to be in his position :)
@grugiv 4 жыл бұрын
Next: "Building my own display"
@monarchseye9146 4 жыл бұрын
Perfect for running Temple OS
@FoxhoundULM 4 жыл бұрын
@@Atovange you could study for lifetimes and you still wouldn't be able to grasp the skills needed to achieve that on your own. "no talent bro", that's exactly what a talentless being would say.
@Atovange 4 жыл бұрын
@@FoxhoundULM How could talent teach you how a quartz clock work? It's all hard work and study
@mrwanderlive 2 жыл бұрын
Amazing work! Thank you for taking the time to do this AND record and explain the whole process.
@thierrymeuris8042 3 жыл бұрын
Great stuff! And what an interesting and educational explanation! I was an electronics/telecom student during the period of conventional TTL and CMOS chips, as well as CRT technology, so this is fully understandable for me! Keep up the good work and I might show this video to my kids! I hope they get the passion for these things!
@JackTheSpades 5 жыл бұрын
"What do you want from me, I'm trying to build a video card on breadboards" Dunno why but that just cracks me up. xD
@artemyevtushenko8722 5 жыл бұрын
JackTheSpades it’s just such a self aware comment. It really reminds you how silly this whole awesome video is.
@timoofi 5 жыл бұрын
I enjoyed the line "I dont know if this looks like a bird to you" during the hexdump
@willgilliam9053 5 жыл бұрын
That needs to go on a shirt...
@EtienneSnyman 5 жыл бұрын
Hey Ben, you know we all want to see you connect this video card to your 8-bit breadboard CPU, right? Like, all of us want it!
@demid6532 4 жыл бұрын
Probably his 8-bit computer is too weak for this gpu, 8-bit bus is not enough to allocate 7500 adresses of video memory. It is only possible to make 4x4 pixel display for breadboard cpu.
@absalomdraconis 4 жыл бұрын
With a bit of address mapping (take an address, use it to control a register, then use that register to provide the upper bits of an address when you try to access certain other addresses, called "banks"), and you can fairly easily overcome any memory restrictions. With multiple banks (two is good for moving data, three is good when also executing from "expanded" memory) you get a _very_ powerful system that's almost as fast as an un-banked system.
@keco185 4 жыл бұрын
Демид Ефремов you could easily add stuff in between which takes in an ascii character and then writes that character to the memory at the next available spot on the screen (or newline)
@alalala132whyisthishandletaken 4 жыл бұрын
3:03 image flash.
@23skymaster 4 жыл бұрын
And then we run Crysis on it!
@kenhaley4 2 жыл бұрын
Your explanations are so enlightening! I haven't tinkered with electronics in decades (I'm 74), but now I'm inspired by this and your other videos. Nice work!
@sandrainthesky1011 3 жыл бұрын
Wow that was well done! Congrats! I feel happily educated enough that I knew what the next action was to be, but very cool to see it actually done to the end (I stopped at the rainbow colors and sourcing for odd patterns etc). Makes one appreciate the early VDG chips in little computers like the CoCo series & Atari etc. Cutting edge back then!
@modestorosado1338 4 жыл бұрын
As rudimentary as this "video card" is, you're actually showing how a video card works. I don't know a lot about these things, so to people like me, the way electronic devices work might as well be magic, but this video really shows what the device actually does when it receives an input, and how it interprets electrical signals in order to display colours, creating an intelligible image in the process.
@kxmode 3 жыл бұрын
Right? So just imagine when a video card is doing complex things like ray tracing. A video card like an NVIDIA RTX 2080 is a mini-computer--a video computer. 🙂
@MsIndycar 3 жыл бұрын
Naa ppl these days only care bout ma fps
@jarls5890 3 жыл бұрын
Not only that - I don't know if you catched it - but those 6 resistors that convert the digital image to volts to send to the screen - is actually a small DAC (Digital to Analog Converter). In fact using the same principle you can make a simple audio DAC ...or as we used to call it....a sound card.
@shr6482 3 жыл бұрын
@@jarls5890 I used to wonder why my parents interchangeably use "video card" and "sound card". Little did i know that they are very similar.
@flexprods 3 жыл бұрын
@@jarls5890 I want him to build a sound card too now lol
@lukemcgarr6127 5 жыл бұрын
That EEPROM could store 2 more frames. You could make this display a gif.
@aelolul 5 жыл бұрын
@Ben Eater gif gif gif gif gif
@l3p3 5 жыл бұрын
Gif? You mean an "animation", don't you?
@HMan2828 5 жыл бұрын
@@l3p3 He means a Graphics Interchange Format image.
@tomkandy 5 жыл бұрын
1 more frame would be relatively easy - just write the second frame starting at 0x4000, and have a switch to take A14 high to swap to the second frame. 2 more frames would be a PITA.
@sherwoac 5 жыл бұрын
Moving picture please! I'm sure with a bit more effort it could be compressed down to get a few more frames too.
@marc.lepage 2 жыл бұрын
These videos (breadboard computer, video card from scratch) are amazingly well done. Well done Ben!
@Axqu7227 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for explaining this in an engaging, thorough way my CS professors couldn’t be bothered to. You’re making me want to start playing with breadboards and get back into learning hardware.
@fatemonkey 5 жыл бұрын
"I'm not going to hook this to a computer, *at least not yet*" 👀
@atrumluminarium 5 жыл бұрын
Play it with 0.25x speed. He's teasing something in one of the frames
@WokWongz 5 жыл бұрын
3:03
@Goldernturkey 5 жыл бұрын
Oh god I'm excited for that
@thegingerpowerranger 5 жыл бұрын
Holy shit that is amazing. I thought you were taking the piss.
@diamondfailer11 5 жыл бұрын
You can use the "." and "," keys to navigate from frame to frame
@PotatoMcWhiskey 5 жыл бұрын
These videos were incredible. I feel like I have a better understanding of how Computers display graphics now.
@DFX2KX 5 жыл бұрын
and while the formatting is different (digital instead of analoug) this is still how video signals are sent over HDMI.
@manictiger 5 жыл бұрын
I have a Display Port cable that has two damaged wires (I think). So, it's interesting... If I bend the cable at the wrong angle, the wires disconnect and the monitor has little cyan lines going through it, meaning that at least 1 red wire and 1 green wire is having issues.
@doublepmcl6391 5 жыл бұрын
Me too ;-)
@adomasjackevicius6208 5 жыл бұрын
Same here! Great videos.
@satyris410 Жыл бұрын
I love that you include the errors (one might encounter) in your work and not just jumping to the solution
@tomsparks3259 Жыл бұрын
Ben, you have taken something that seems like an impenetrable blur of magic and brought us behind the curtain to see the "wizard" in the flesh. Thank you!
@raffaelenicolapiazzolla3927 5 жыл бұрын
"I don't know if this looks like a bird to you" that made me subscribe lol
@EYEBALLS-kq2en 5 жыл бұрын
This is the greatest line in internet history!
@TheNamsorg 5 жыл бұрын
Neo surely saw the bird, that’s some Next level matrix shit. fascinating insight of how a picture is generated... and other programming voodoo ;)
@aelliixx 5 жыл бұрын
Incredible work! I'm very excited to see what future projects you come up with!
@TheWeberiz 5 жыл бұрын
nematei ant gala buvo ekrane užrašyta "debilu krastas" nu ble ble lietuviai a ne gieda :D
@aidensamuels3340 5 жыл бұрын
How it was posted today you commented yesterday
@Axristosgr 5 жыл бұрын
@@aidensamuels3340 Patreons can see the video a few days earlier.
@dm3on 5 жыл бұрын
Next project; mining bitcoins on breadboard video card.
@aelliixx 5 жыл бұрын
@@TheWeberiz Sakes :DDD
@smaakjeks 3 жыл бұрын
This was so neat! I've never seen a breadboard in my life (and have no education in computer logic), so I struggled to follow along when you were plugging up a storm there. But still interesting to watch!
@hamishalexander5048 2 жыл бұрын
But can it run Farcry ?
@RobertMilesAI 5 жыл бұрын
You've got space for several images in that eeprom, right? Could you add a 'frame' counter and have it play a (very) brief animation?
@mrtuffguy2769 5 жыл бұрын
Or a GIF
@morganthomas1463 5 жыл бұрын
@@mrtuffguy2769 JIF
@Iceykitsune 5 жыл бұрын
@@morganthomas1463 Graphics Interchange Format GIF
@toatrika2443 5 жыл бұрын
@@Iceykitsune have you heard of this brand new concept called “joke“?
@computerfis 5 жыл бұрын
Sure he could probably just make some sort of thing on the address bus to the eeprom that would offset the address to the picture he wanted to show, something like (pictureSize * picture_number + counter) then he could increment the picture constant (picture_number) every time he wanted to change to the next picture.
@baameows 5 жыл бұрын
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="183">3:03</a> *you can’t escape me, single frame of a dummy thicc breadboard*
@user-od5ri1fj8m 5 жыл бұрын
actually, it is two frames at 30 fps.
@UltimatePwnageNL 5 жыл бұрын
42!
@kitsunekaze93 5 жыл бұрын
@@user-od5ri1fj8m four frames at 60 fps.
5 жыл бұрын
thank you :)
@LocalGuideClyde 5 жыл бұрын
LMAO! dummy thicc breadboard ... I'm ded
@Elimino_P 2 жыл бұрын
This is awesome! Thank you for spending the huge amount of time needed to do your full rundown. Most of this is over my head, but I feel I've gone from zero understanding of how a video card works to some understanding (an infinity percent increase). Next time I upgrade my graphics card, I'll probably be a little less grumbly about the price.
@doveshouse 7 ай бұрын
Even though the object was to display a video image, so much additional information, applicable to more generalized and broader areas, can be inferred. Phenomenal video!
@Sauraen 5 жыл бұрын
The Patreon thanks via EEPROM images was a nice touch!
@KatriceMetaluna 5 жыл бұрын
We need more videos where the end credits roll by switching out EEPROMs.
@jjbailey01 4 жыл бұрын
Brought to you by viewers like you.
@thomasvlaskampiii6850 4 жыл бұрын
Could you imagine having credits for a movie roll like that? That'd be great
@thomasvlaskampiii6850 4 жыл бұрын
@@jjbailey01 I spy a PBS reference
@Preinstallable 4 жыл бұрын
@@jjbailey01 pbs kids
@plazmotech5969 5 жыл бұрын
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="183">3:03</a> HE'S GOING TO HOOK UP THE GRAPHICS CARD TO HIS BREADBOARD COMPUTER
@MajjkyTV 5 жыл бұрын
yeah, that would be so awesome!!! :D :D
@fish-qm9dg 5 жыл бұрын
hype
@jamhough22 5 жыл бұрын
was wondering if anyone else seen that hhahaah
@Yuri-bt4wl 5 жыл бұрын
Just saw that and came down here to look for the coment about it. Found ya!
@markkeilys 5 жыл бұрын
I mean I figured that was the case when pt1 came out.. this is was just confermation.
@muazmasood1664 3 жыл бұрын
I just found your channel @Ben Eater. This is GOLD!
@Locane256 3 жыл бұрын
Damn that was a journey!! Absolutely incredible. I am always amazed at how much work goes in to computer hardware and how little we appreciate it.
@DaveGagliardi 4 жыл бұрын
When Ben used Red, Green, And Blue wires to represent the color outputs on the breadboard, i was delighted by the attention to detail that went into this. Thanks for producing such an interesting and educational video.
@petezzzz 3 жыл бұрын
Me too. But it wouldn't have been Ben otherwise.
@moshly64 5 жыл бұрын
To fix the thin lines, put a 74LS374 on the output of the EPROM and clock it from an inverted dot clock (10Mhz) & adjust the H-sync to be one step later.
@diversionmary 5 жыл бұрын
KZfaq is truly the greatest human invention. Not just that the content exists, but instantaneous gem feedback such as this comment. What a time to be alive!
@Balomis 5 жыл бұрын
I love how there's people like me that kinda get what's going on here, and then there's people like you who *get* what's going on here
@fiddley 5 жыл бұрын
Yep, I was just thinking the same. 🙃
@CallumAi 5 жыл бұрын
Unfortunately the worst case tACC for the EEPROM is 150ns, and the period of the 10MHz clock is 100ns, so using a D-type flip-flop (like the 74LS375) and correcting timing by one pixel would still have potential for a glitch. However, as he’s dividing the 10MHz by two by dropping the LSB of the horizontal counter, it would be possible to divide the clock to the D-type by two to produce a sampling period of 200ns and never violate the EEPROM access timing. H-sync would then also need to be delayed by two cycles rather than one.
@cbboegh 5 жыл бұрын
I was immediately thinking the same thing - "you need a buffer on that slow ass prom". Ben's comment about sdram being faster and that this would solve the issue is misleading too. Let's say he used some low latency ddr4 with 15ns latency. That might work, but only because the monitor is too slow and likely samples towards the back end of each 25ns pixel. An old crt would shift the image by about a half pixel and if it was a good monitor, it would display the invalid data as vertical lines of pixel flicker. A 4k pixel is less than 2ns - so sdram is always buffered.
@provadasnove225 3 жыл бұрын
Amazing explanation! Hope that I had seen this when I was studying electronics engineering!
@N3tech 5 жыл бұрын
The level of organization on your bread board is incredible. I thought I was organized with mine, but yours make mine look like a bird's nest...
@zwz.zdenek 5 жыл бұрын
Well, he's got a bird in there and that technically makes it a bird's nest too.
@IAmKillEveryone 5 жыл бұрын
It always pays to watch how others organize their circuits.
@johndorian4078 5 жыл бұрын
And his fancy cut's in his video editing.. cause i'd imagine there's a lot of cut out of him measuring them and bending them and removing them...............
@gesprengt6561 5 жыл бұрын
I noticed one of the sync wires isn't hooked up correctly I believe. On the second breadboard from the bottom, the white sync wire is hooked up to pin 13, which is an input of the flipflop. Whereas the yellow sync wire correctly is in pin 12. Could that cause the problem with the black bars or am I wrong somewhere?
@BenEater 5 жыл бұрын
You're right, it looks like that was hooked up wrong! That would have made the horizontal sync pulse much narrower than it should be, which apparently the monitor was able to deal with just fine. Presumably I didn't notice it since it worked. But hooking it up to the correct pin which provides the longer correct pulse still gives you the black bars so I think my diagnosis of the slow ROM read time is still likely to be what's going on. Nice catch though.
@paladin1147 5 жыл бұрын
Incredible catch if I might add
@Kitulous 5 жыл бұрын
@@paladin1147 I double this. I look at those holes in the breadboards and I still can't get where to put wires. I believe that all holes on the same column are connected between each other. Amirite?
@HazeAnderson 5 жыл бұрын
Where's this bread you guys keep talking about? I wanna sandwich now. 😂
@h-milch371 5 жыл бұрын
Alter Falter hast du ein Auge fürs Detail 😯
@Ifinishedyoutube 2 жыл бұрын
Watching you explain this was the exact same to my brain as watching a speedrunner explain a complex glitch in a game I hadn't played yet. I wonder how many different things I could actually do if I gave them the proper amount of time and training. So much of what you were saying I have absolutely no idea but it's all incredibly contextual and represents concepts that can be applied in multiple alleys. Makes me think I should have more confidence in my abilities IRL. I mean the only thing that separates me from conquering that incredibly complex glitch is time and effort. I guess it's the same for the real world.
@zhangjao6328 2 жыл бұрын
The image destruction around <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="945">15:45</a> made me cackle and choke. It was like that King of the Hill thing about jpegs where the quality just keeps getting worse.
@dreamonstage 4 жыл бұрын
Just shows how beautiful the engineering process is, from an idea, to hardware, to software, to debugging, to finished product, with testing at every step.
@hello123s 3 жыл бұрын
Absolutely beautiful when we are a spectator but extremely excruciating when we are the ones doing that
@derekbarbosa 3 жыл бұрын
@@hello123s exactly. In my hardware classes, testing even a simple module with testbenches was hard and annoying. This one-man show is an absolute marvel. Bravo.
@FoxhoundULM 4 жыл бұрын
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="295">04:55</a> "I mean, what do you want from me ? I'm trying to build a video card on breadboards". That's the most badass punchline I've ever heard
@jap3v07 3 жыл бұрын
This was such a well presented and fun video. Excellent content!
@TrevorAvrett 3 жыл бұрын
There's no way I could sit through all the work you did here for this!! Skimmed through it and the first video just to see if it was legit. Computer science people should have the money, NOT influencers. To have the mind and patience to do these kinds of things is incredible! All the effort that went into this for a poor picture blows my mind to consider all the slaving over people who think like you do for each, stupidly faster generations of hardware we get to enjoy. Props to you guys for being the unsung heros, designers and architects of our daily lives
@multivariateperspective5137 2 жыл бұрын
Thank you! People that solve problems for real should have the money and influence. (ie Elon Musk)
@Axqu7227 2 жыл бұрын
@@multivariateperspective5137 Musk’s engineers. He’s a venture capitalist that doesn’t do jack on his own.
@saudude2174 2 жыл бұрын
people choose where the money goes, if they wanted to fund engineers instead of influencers they could do that average joe doesnt give a shit about physics and engineering, theyd rather watch funny videos or football - hence so much money in football. Basic rules of capitalism and it's good that way, no better system has existed before.
@aslongasbassstrings 5 жыл бұрын
You should consider doing a bonus part 3 where you load 3 unique images into the remaining memory and slow the clock enough to make it animate like a GIF!
@xusdk 5 жыл бұрын
He could probably just use the vertical blank for advancing the image. That'll be a 60 fps animation. _Insert joke about 30 fps consoles here._
@solepanic6583 5 жыл бұрын
xD
@SyphistPrime 5 жыл бұрын
Honestly that would be a cool idea
@pneumonoultramicroscopicsi4065 4 жыл бұрын
@Richard Clutterbuck not with all games, some of them run at 30 or even 30 unstable
@tawongadonnellmsiska173 4 жыл бұрын
Am thinking hoock it up to a raspberry PI and we can have some 100x75 pixel fun
@wojciechmuras553 5 жыл бұрын
"I'm not going to hook this up to a computer... yet." *Don't do that. Don't give me hope.*
@azzajohnson2123 5 жыл бұрын
Wojtas! Hook it up to the 8 bit breadboard computer!
@OpenKeith 5 жыл бұрын
hey at least it'd be better than my laptop's integrated graphics card
@TheYaMeZ 5 жыл бұрын
As soon as he says "yet" there is a single frame that contains a picture of his 8 bit computer. So it seems even more likely he will attempt it!
@iProgramInCpp 5 жыл бұрын
@@TheYaMeZ yep
@bamberghh1691 5 жыл бұрын
3:03
@DudokX Жыл бұрын
when you were prying out the eproms to change the images it reminded me of old projector slides. I love this project because it shows how the basic a image can be displayed while still talking about voltages, resistances and basic electronic components.
@shantilkhadatkar1195 11 ай бұрын
Is there any alternatives to using EEPROMs? Too costly
@bgnb 2 жыл бұрын
Im proud to say that you are the first content creator I've seen in my entire life who has engaged me this much. Maybe thats because Im also an electronics engineer (I dont really know whether i can call myself an electronics engineer after watching this). But , my man, you've impressed me the hell out. U deserve much more subs than other good for nothing useless creators. Kudos. keep going brother. Would really like to communicate with you. Love from India
@In.New.York.I.Milly.Rock. Жыл бұрын
What do you have to be proud about in praising his merits?
@zlr9022 Жыл бұрын
Proud🤡 also why bring up good for nothing creators
@curious_banda Жыл бұрын
It's just a translation thing / lingo. You know, English is not the first language of majority of world. Monolingual americans won't understand this, especially if the other guy is an Indian, who are on average trilingual.
@zlr9022 Жыл бұрын
@@curious_banda then he gotta learn that thats not how we talk in the english language
@curious_banda Жыл бұрын
@@zlr9022 Nobody asked to talk with you. You probably don't have friends.
@andyparadis342 5 жыл бұрын
I'm an electronics newbie and I'm impressed that your explanations are detailed enough to follow along without being verbose. I'll keep watching.
@BertGrink 4 жыл бұрын
You've come to a great place to learn, then. I would also recommend a couple of other KZfaq channels: *Great Scott!* and *Julian Ilett*
@leachim66 5 жыл бұрын
People: There's no way you can top your DIY 8-bit computer!!!! Ben: Hold my breadboard
@leachim66 5 жыл бұрын
Next: "Adding a GUI to the breadboard computer"
@superjugy 5 жыл бұрын
"actually, don't hold my breadboard, I need it to build my gpu"
@Morphinwithyou 3 жыл бұрын
Subbed. Man it was very interesting to see. All the knowledge I have, found life in your hands. Thanks.
@agustintagleossa9374 3 жыл бұрын
I never expected to learn this deep how images were shown in the screen of my laptop. Impressive.
@kianroberson8154 4 жыл бұрын
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="178">2:58</a> "I'm not going to hook this up to a computer just not yet" I saw that freeze frame at <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="183">3:03</a>!
@srtghfnbfg 4 жыл бұрын
pasteboard.co/IORD4YR.png it's a spoiler to show that he's going to connect it to his homemade CPU ? =O
@TheoPantazi 4 жыл бұрын
Same. Tried to catch it, that one frame, but couldn't! Hours of fun! :P
@mikuhorizon 4 жыл бұрын
@@TheoPantazi put playback speed to 0.25 then pause it
@TheoPantazi 4 жыл бұрын
@@mikuhorizon yep I did, I forgot about the playback speed setting, thanks! :)
@bennyswayofficial 4 жыл бұрын
@@TheoPantazi or pause near the frame and press fullstop key "." .......on pc xD
@FalcuunFalcuunn 4 жыл бұрын
"I don't know if this looks like a bird to you" Yeah it does, really does.
@nickroach6270 8 ай бұрын
This and the previous one might be best videos I've ever seen. I am blown away by the sharpness of your intellect Ben, both in figuring out how to do this conceptually and the execution of the build and the video. It's also extremely inspiring. You've made me believe that I am capable of understanding complex digital electronics and I've already ordered parts to start playing around. Thank you
@akashsunil7464 7 ай бұрын
This man basically ends up answering every random question that pops up in your head at 3am. when you are not able to fall asleep
@camillecirrus3977 5 жыл бұрын
Ben: I made the world's worst video card! Intel HD Graphics: *Am i a joke to you?*
@koalakun3195 5 жыл бұрын
Lirei Taichen ATI: *Am I a joke to you?*
@BIG_CLARKY 5 жыл бұрын
Ha! that comment was also on the first video!
@GRBtutorials 5 жыл бұрын
Most integrated graphics in general: *Am i a joke to you?*
@Null_Experis 5 жыл бұрын
S3 ViRGE: Am I a joke to you?
@johnfrancisdoe1563 5 жыл бұрын
Gedo De Luchs ATI=AMD Graphics and before that the most common integrated graphics in server boards that only needed a screen for setting the thing up. Anyway, the original IBM PC manual included schematics for everything, even the CGA card built with TTL chips, a RAM chip and an old 6845 chip that did the job of the two bottom breadboards. Max res 640x200 with the 4-bit DAC in the monitor instead of the card. Hercules just added more TTL chips to get 720x350 on the MDA monitor with it's 2 bit DAC.
@bluspectre2042 5 жыл бұрын
Cool! Now we need to make a Ray Tracing module to this breadboard card!
@mestevesx 5 жыл бұрын
I guess if you dont need it in real time it is doable :D cue factorio raytracing engine built with in-game elements
@onuktav 5 жыл бұрын
@@mestevesx I believe that factorio experiment you mentioned did ray casting, not ray tracing. But it surely is an incredible achievement on its own.
@mestevesx 5 жыл бұрын
@@onuktav Yeah, my bad, I thought the had the same principle, but one displays light as it is on camera, the other displays retangles at it's distance location. or something like that
@computerfis 5 жыл бұрын
Wouldn't the card need to support 3d internally to support hardware accelerated ray tracing? I dont know understand your comment.
@ruikazane5123 5 жыл бұрын
And make a GIF that goes on and on at 4k
@landonsarrett5686 2 жыл бұрын
"Lopping off" lower vertical counter bits to make evenly-sized pixels is such a simple & elegant solution lol
@GeorgesChannel Жыл бұрын
I understood 50% (got lost in the details), but was still fascinating to watch. You solved the mystery of a graphic card!
@anton201003 5 жыл бұрын
Thank you KZfaq for remembering I wanted to see this video, as I subscribed on the previous one!
@ArtumTsumia 5 жыл бұрын
I forgot to subscribe last time but KZfaq was kind enough to notify me of the new video anyway.
5 жыл бұрын
Now u just need a good gaming chair to get more fps
@sarno97 5 жыл бұрын
Add more RGBs
@space1306 5 жыл бұрын
@@sarno97 you're right, few leds added to the board should be quite a nice performance boost
@pappapaps 5 жыл бұрын
How much megapixel would that type of data even transduce? Severely.
@onee 5 жыл бұрын
He also should not forget to download some extra ram.
@sskofu 5 жыл бұрын
And delete local disk c to get infinite fps
@TheJaguar1983 Жыл бұрын
Insane stuff and so cool. Amazing to think that the actual boards are also having to deal with multiple resolutions too. Although, the dodgy ancient python code hurts my daily Python 3.7 using heart :P
@Atomos_tech 11 күн бұрын
the ads in your video in the exciting moments 😅, by the way you thank you so much for these videos
@gaellafond6367 5 жыл бұрын
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="183">3:03</a> That image that flashed for 1 frame, wow... Is that where this project is heading?
@hikaruisasleep 5 жыл бұрын
Who knows, but it looks like his long-term project "The 8-bit Breadboard Computer"
@ElPanetone 5 жыл бұрын
This image is from the 8bit breadbord computer video series already available.
@mr.meticulous1241 5 жыл бұрын
He mentioned, “hook this up to a computer...” and showed his breadboard computer HE’S GONNA PLUG IN HIS BREADBOARD VIDEO CARD INTO HIS BREADBOARD COMPUTER
@ddevin 5 жыл бұрын
I counted 2 frames, but yeah, I hope he figures out a way to connect the two.
@mr.meticulous1241 5 жыл бұрын
Arcadefan314 that would be insane XD He would have to write a program to calculate/draw a picture and all the RGB values per pixel, instead of holding a static one in a ROM
@marcostezo8051 4 жыл бұрын
in the future "How to make a 2080ti from scratch"
@vipervidsgamingplus5723 4 жыл бұрын
Marcos Tezó not likely
@NeoReibert 4 жыл бұрын
Viper vids gaming plus well maybe in 100 years? 🤔
@AQHackAQ 4 жыл бұрын
@@NeoReibert I estimate 60-70 years. Fully 3D printed GPU.
@pictzone 4 жыл бұрын
Never ever
@ZingarolhoGamer 4 жыл бұрын
Viper vids gaming plus it's a joke, dickhead
@ProcessedDigitally 3 жыл бұрын
I have had multiple mind blown moments in this video but <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1383">23:03</a> and <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1403">23:23</a> i find very interesting as this seems to explain why graphics cards will tend to use the full VRAM clock frequency for a multiple monitor setup when each monitor is at a different refresh rate even if just idling on the desktop. Running the full VRAM clocks may be an overkill but at least now I understand 'why' this happens from this video. It is to avoid display artifacts! (Once I set the monitors to the same refresh rate the graphics card will allow the VRAM clocks to go to idle states as normal.) BTW Interesting use of the programed EEPROMs at the end there!!! <a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="1420">23:40</a>
@johantenhove7770 2 жыл бұрын
I honestly wish stuff like this was highlighted during the IT-courses at university. But i have been fortunate enough to work with 16-bit ISA and a time where BIOS-updates were regular ifnot old-school, so i could understand most of it. Many thanks!
@cmuller1441 5 жыл бұрын
In the 90s I played with a fpga and made a 8 bit cpu. The display was a ega monitor. To reduce the number of gates I sacrificed some memory by using some reserved color values to generate the sync signals. Of course this had some drawbacks but had also a nice advantage: to scroll the picture I only had to do a limited number of memory writes to slightly shift the syncs... The fpga was actually too small and most of the display logic was in ttl logic...
@uuberr 5 жыл бұрын
Me : *build my own pc* Also me : *Think i am good with computers* Ben : Makes own video card
@5RoD 5 жыл бұрын
😂😂 same
@amineabdz 5 жыл бұрын
Me : * can write assembly programs with only self education and online courses and build computers too * Me : wow i'm kinda good with computers Ben : * Draws stuff on a monitor with some electricity , wires and holes *
@jayzo 3 жыл бұрын
Why is it when I watch a Ben Eater video during the day I fall asleep, but when I watch late at night when I'm supposed to be sleeping I remain alert and interested throughout the whole thing?
@Stomachbuzz 3 жыл бұрын
<a href="#" class="seekto" data-time="846">14:06</a> "So what I'm gonna do is add a NAND gate here..." Actually laughed out loud. Seems like he just throws NAND gates at every issue he runs into
@MaxwellNieberger 5 жыл бұрын
I would really love to see this display multiple frames using the extra space in one of those EEPROMs. In fact, you could almost take it a step further and use swapping between two images at 60Hz to make intermediate colors in between any two existing colors. That would take one extra flip-flop using the reset pin of the y counter so that it switches between 1 and 0 every frame, then tie that to the high address bit of the EEPROM. The harder part would be converting images into the right format to be displayed like that
@renakunisaki 5 жыл бұрын
@@kezif don't even need a second ROM, this one is big enough for multiple images. Just the the frame counter to one of the higher address lines that's not being used.
@aydencook03 5 жыл бұрын
WOW... I've always wondered how computers work on the most fundamental level, I'm tired of all of the explanations only going down to the level of "machine code". I'm glad I found this channel. How do you know all of this? Is there a specific topic you could study in school to become fluent in things like this? How did you even begin to learn in a topic like this?
@aronhighgrove4100 5 жыл бұрын
Judging from previous videos, he mentioned books he read about the topic. But more information would be nice, indeed.
@cihstarwhufc 5 жыл бұрын
Study Electronic engineering!
@EekSaidTheCreeper 5 жыл бұрын
A computer science degree will teach you all the things explained in this video.
@orti1283 5 жыл бұрын
@@EekSaidTheCreeper Nope, computer science is all high level stuff, at least in my country. For this you need electric/electronic engineering
@EekSaidTheCreeper 5 жыл бұрын
@@orti1283 Not for me. Any good CS degree will have an introductory electronics course.
@andym975 2 жыл бұрын
A recommendation for a follow-up video would be to store smaller tiles and basic transform functions (rotate 90 degree intervals, horizontal/vertical flip) . This may reduct the data requirements and lead to higher resolution potentials. Great videos, Ben!
@JohnStewart-fs3wz 9 ай бұрын
He demystified the process of creating images on a screen and ironically by this he makes it even more fascinating.
@MrKeebs 5 жыл бұрын
Just subscribed as a Patreon and it already pays off. Incredible work, can't wait to see what comes next!
@robbirobson7330 5 жыл бұрын
yes we need more like this
@doingmoms3483 5 жыл бұрын
How is this comment from 2 days ago?
@MrKeebs 5 жыл бұрын
@@doingmoms3483 I am a Patreon, and if you sub you get the videos earlier.
@dev639 5 жыл бұрын
Wish I also had the coin to put in this one. You have a nice taste of who to back up.
@echofunandgames7874 5 жыл бұрын
How much does patreon pay you?
@Sentinel95629 3 жыл бұрын
I understand almost nothing here, yet I am for some unfathomable reason compelled to watch it still.
@sauliuskrasuckas4355 2 жыл бұрын
I think at least you get that it shows how VGA pixels are born. :) And I recommend watching the 1st part too: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/op2ilshnrreoh6c.html
@briankarcher8338 Жыл бұрын
Great job! I feel like I'm learning something in each video even though most of it goes over my head.
@peter.dolkens 4 жыл бұрын
I found this hilarious as a Windows user - Microsoft Paint forced bitmap on us for years - but you wrote a python script to extract a bitmap from a png =D
@josephlouwerse2105 4 жыл бұрын
OHH so thats what bitmap means!! It's a literal map of bits! This is a big revelation to me for some reason
@networkgod06 4 жыл бұрын
For what it's worth, you'd have to do the same with a bitmap (.bmp) image -- they write data from the bottom row of pixels to the top, and of course still have all the header data and don't have the necessary padding.
@Tadesan 4 жыл бұрын
I get it
@diggoran 4 жыл бұрын
Yeah I think he could have just increased the canvas size to 128x256 and filled the bottom and right edges with black, then exported as bitmap to avoid the whole python step, right?
@sevret313 4 жыл бұрын
You wouldn't get indexed colours like shown with Paint's BMPs, it forces you to use its colour indexing.
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