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Are we on the verge of a new independence conflict in Biafra? In June 2021, Nigeria imposed a ban on Twitter after it deleted a tweet from the President threatening harsh measures against resurgent pro-independence activity within the Igbo community in the southeast of the country? Coming over 50 years after the brutal and bloody Biafran War - also known as the Nigerian Civil War - recent developments are certainly cause for concern.
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Following the Biafran War, there was a sense that Igbo pro-independence sentiment had disappeared. However, discrimination and resentment has seen it reemerge over the past two decades. This has led to the creation of two main movements.The first is the Movement for the Actualisation of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB). However, this has now been overtaken by the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB), which is led by Nnamdi Kanu. His Radio Biafra is now a leader voice for the pro-independence movement. Although both insist that their methods are peaceful, they have been outlawed by the Nigerian Government, with IPOB declared a terrorist movement. More recently, violence has grown in the south east, not least of all following the encroachment of another conflict in the country: the Herder-Farmer conflict, which saw IPOB establish an armed wing, the Eastern Security Network (ESN). This all makes the situation in the south east increasingly unstable.
CHAPTERS
0:00 Introduction and Titles
0:44 Resurgent Secession and Biafra
1:50 Geograophy, Population and the Path to Civil War
4:32 Igbo Pro-Independence Movements after the Biafran War
6:46 Nigerian Opposition to Renewed Independence
9:16 The Independence Movement Today
11:04 Biafran Independence - A Resurgence?
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FURTHER READING & USEFUL SOURCES
Biafran Declaration of Independence (1967) www.historians...
General Gowon Speech (1970) www.historians...
Radio Biafra radiobiafra.co
Nigeria Foreign Ministry www.foreignaff...
Nigeria: What Everyone Needs to Know amzn.to/3xl6oGl
Biafra's War amzn.to/3whYYDl
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KEYWORDS
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