"This was extracted from..." "An asteroid? The deepest mine in the world? The seawater under the north pole?" "No, it was extracted from pencil." "Is that a town in Eastern Europe?" "No, just pencil, from my pocket."

@5:19 and when i turn it on, it makes this rather... ALL GLORY TO HYPNOTOAD

The buckyballs I first knew were those little packs of spherical neodymium magnets, so I was confused when the C60 buckyballs popped up all over Google

"intellectual stimulation" Thanks for the show Periodic Videos!

I remember hearing about 'buckyballs' when i was younger. It was one of the things that got me interested in chemistry and physics to begin with. I remember (though it has been many years) reading that c60 has interesting properties when exposed to radiation, namely absorption properties. If this was the case then c60 could certainly have applications in that field.

This is easily one of my favorite videos from this channel... just really fascinating. :)

Fantastic video, very long too. It's always nice to see a new scientist in the fold. Every time I see a video I can't wait for the next one :) Also, wow! already 260 videos and that's just on this channel. How does Brady do it? I love these videos :)

i really enjoy your guy's longer videos

That mans accent is awesome!

I like how the chemist says, "...to save time I'm going to use Ultra-Sonic Bath" so nonchalantly. I can imagine him saying "To clear forest, I'm going to use Nuclear device" or "To disperse protesters, I'm going to use Death-ray" in the same manner. "To thicken hair volume, I'm going to use Incinerator oven."

wow this was a pretty fascinating video, i never knew about the @ symbol used in chemistry

At 1:58 - The mathematician who said that the molecule looks like a soccer ball should get a special prize just for using the correct name of the ball.

I have no plans to study chemistry in the near future, I'm more into astronomy, but these videos are extremely interesting... I love them!

:) I love how Martyn uses props to explain things! Love this.

great vidieo! I was expecting to hear a little bit about the double slit experiment performed in 1999 with Buckyballs, that showed the Wave-particle duality on "big" molecules.

"Thank you for answering my question. But that leads back to my original question. If they can not "see" them, how do they know how they look, and how to build their diagrams. Thank you again for helping." ==How to figure out the structure of a molecule? There are several ways : 1. X-ray crystallography but I think you need a crystal sample. 2. NMR : looking for peaks in the signal 3. Infra-red spectroscopy 4. Scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, force electron microscope 5. Chemists know a great deal about the properties of atoms and how they bind together (quantum physics) so it is rather predictable. They know how many bonds atoms make, bond angles and ultimately you can derive the entire molecular structure with no need to see the molecule.

a question out of curiosity, when a molecule or atom is put inside Buckminsterfullerine, is it suspended in the center of the C60 or is it just bouncing around in it?

I love Moriarty's mug! What does the * stand for in BEST from "worlds best advisor" mug?

I've read science fiction where Buckyballs are mentioned. Now I know what they were talking about. Thank you!

Awesome video of an awesome molecule, but I have one question: Do they use the @ sign when talking about hemoglobin in blood aswell?

Hypnotoad

This sounds very interesting! I think I'm going to try to make+isolate some fullerene myself :D

I didn't know you could hide things inside buckyballs, that's the coolest thing ever! Did that ultrasonic bath thingy cause static in the camera or was it just loud?

@Sharingan266 It's probably pretty stationary, held roughly in the centre by a variety of intermolecular forces.

The professor is such a natural at all these videos now!

if he would been my chemistry teacher i whould have become a chemist 4 sure i find it very very a interesting and mindteasing to watch ur videos ty 4 making them

Thanks for putting the names on the pic.. I couldn't quite tell which one was The Prof.

Great video.

Thank you for pointing that out. However would that mean the N60 would harder to make?

I have to agree. This might sound like I'm ranting on the British education system, but I think it's more spread everywhere. I was put into a foundation program as a part of the process of being admitted into the University of Edinburgh. The program was equivalent to A-levels (Scottish advance-level material) and what I noticed was that the instructors were:- A) Not used to being asked questions. B) Training students to answer the standardized tests. Tests should, somehow, be about discussion.

I'm always surprised to see how empty the labs are in these videos. Are the videos shot at some time of day when the labs aren't usually in use?

Thank you for answering my question. But that leads back to my original question. If they can not "see" them, how do they know how they look, and how to build their diagrams. Thank you again for helping.

Graphite is actually crystalline (it even gives a very sharp XRD peak).

I had the chance to meet Dr. Kroto, amazing guy!

"it's a football...some chemists are not sportingly aware". Love the professors dry sense of humour

@periodicvideos What was the guy saying c60 does when under pressure? i didnt hear it well due to his accent.

@seahawk124 do you mean the Eden Project? Or is there some cheese research going on I don't know about ;P

LOL @ the microphone freaking out with the ultrasound bath machine

@seahawk124 Nice to see someone contributing when they see a problem as opposed to pointing it out and expecting someone else to fix it.

were can you get B-fulurine? (C60)

Football refers to a type of sport, not a specific one. The word "foot" means on foot, as opposed to polo where you ride a horse, or bowling where you stand in place. There is kicking in every kind of football, but that is not necessarily a major part of the game. According to Wikipedia "Unqualified, the word football applies to whichever form of football is the most popular in the regional context in which the word appears, including association football, as well as American football" etc.

@kitkitmeow24 It's named after Buckminster Fuller, who invented the geodesic dome, which has the same geometric arrangement. I'd post a link but YT doesn't let me...

My good friend goes to Rice University where Bucky Balls were discovered, and he is good friends with Dr. Tour who works with these things and is considered to be one of the top ten chemists in the world.

I love how his cup has a disclaimer.

Is He@C60 neutrally buoyant or is it just a lighter form, and would there be any way of using that in the same way we use carbon nanotubes-fiber? Also is there any application for the use of C60 in smelting?

it would be interesting because N60 would have a different structure because nitrogen forms 3 bonds while carbon forms 4. It might have triangle rings. Of course this might be hard to make.

i think i have seen somthing about H2O@C60 before

Hey, I wonder if I can get a SRB only rocket to the Mun and back? (Commence ~1000 m/s impact on the Mun's surface)

@myshowTM it is.

It seems that so far the best we are able to get is one or two atoms inside a C60 fullerene, with little word on application. Using fullerenes as faraday cages to protect atoms and molecules from currents sounds very intersting though.

There is info on net that C60 molecule is also the most massive and complex object for which wave-particle duality was observed.

I have a weird conception about solvents (I haven't yet learned further than acid anhydrous something (e.g. CO2 or SO3)) So basically I remember a publication about adding hydrogen to graphene making graphane (I really hope i don't say the wrong names here) which makes transformation in it's bonds structure and for each carbon atom there's an hydrogen. So like that, can something be done with C60 without destroying it's structure, and making it an solvent? Or changes due to hydrogen bonds?

The Light of Other Days, by Arthur C. Clarke and Stephen Baxter, explore the uses of these very same Bucky balls.

@Glassjaw003 your exactly right i feel the same way im a 15 year old who loves chhemistry and i find it very annoying when i show my friends an experiment such as homemade sodium chlorate plus a gummy bear they just sit hey and go "ooh pretty fire"

Wish they would talk about it's use in analytical chemistry particularly in surface science. Cause they actually use it a lot like a ball.

@Ndizzyinthehizzy Also, if a reaction has more than one product, then the balanced version tells you how much of each you're going to get. If a particular reaction *can't* be balanced, then it means the reaction is impossible. Finally, (and this is just a theory) the number of molecules that take part in a chemical reaction is important, because they all have to meet at the same place and time -- so more molecules required for a reaction means less reactions per second, so it'll go slower.

Since both carbon and helium already have a mass and that a C60 molecule is quite heavy to begin with, I'm not really sure how that would work. Helium doesn't exactly deduct weight, but because it is initially lighter than "air" (which is actually a very wide variety of gasses) you might establish some conditions where the air would rather fall in under the molecule than vice versa.

I'm not sure if the carbon really "wants" to bond in a C70 molecule. Though I'm not very experienced in that, my focus is more on hydrocarbon structures in organic chemistry and a fullerene is pure carbon. Personally I'd say that it's probably possible, though I'm not really aware of how it would be done practically.

how was it discovered spectroscopically?what i mean is,normally,when an element is excited,it produces light of a unique frequency,with which we detect it.but how was c60 discovered.does that mean that behavior of electrons in c60 is different,moreover unique?please answer,i am confused

I swear I've seen that coffee cup on another professor's desks in other documentaries ;)

1:20 "The Professor" ... that epithet reminds me of certain cartoons XD

Maybe a great nano-tech device for He @ C60... Can you put atoms inside C70, or even molecules like NaCl or HF (salts, ect...)?

@periodicvideos Now we just need a nanotubes video with Andrei Khlobystov :)

Where can i get the model of C60 at 1:00?

Will c60 filled with helium float?

0:39 Pavel Chekhov went back in time to talk about buckyballs. they were actually discovered in 2180.

what was the mistake in the periodic table in your last vid?

Fuller is credited for the " geodesic structure " Magic Kingdom Florida's centre piece is the geodesic dome

The scientist doing the experiment has the best accent ever.

nice professor nice videos!

Could you fit enough hydrogen or helium inside a fullerene to make it lighter than air?

I want one of those C60 molecules

@TheHueification Thank You

Very interesting! Thanks (:

When the guy in the lab coat says "so I got two beakers" he picked up two Erlenmeyer flasks. Perhaps a bit misleading but then I noticed he makes the same mistake again @ 4:38 .

I have one question, if anyone could answer or help me out, I would greatly appreciate it. I always see these awesome diagrams and hear these really interesting videos about atoms but have never seen an actual picture of one. Why is that? The have these little balls and sticks representing the atoms and describe them but how do they know? I have been trying to find actual pictures of atoms. We can see stars and nebulas, distant galaxies and planets, but why not atoms. Can anyone help me?

@YamiPoyo it forms polymers... long chains of buckyballs.

i can see your reflection in the fume cupboard screen :D

@tybo09 There are many, google "uses of endohedral fullerenes".

My main memory of my last year of school was so many of my teachers complaining about how limited they were by the curriculum and how a lot of it was completely pointless to learn and shouldn't be on the exams.

Actually by putting in hydrogen or helium you would only make it heavier and not ad any buoyancy ;) You see the C60 molecule displaces the same volume of air whether you put something inside or not, which means the empty C60 with only vacuum inside, is already the lightest form you can have. Surprisingly the density of C60 1.65 g/cm³ is not that much heavier than air 1.2 g/cm³. I estimate C94 to have a density of 1.32 g/cm³. But I don't need to reinvent the wheel here! --> watch?v=F74Fb099ESc

I wanted to know what @ means

I would, however, be curious as to the thoroughness of the study: the number of test subjects, the credibility of the institution conducting the test, and other pertainent factors. I probably should have looked into the citations and references rather than being lazy and skipping on to other things, but yes, I too am curious as to the possibilities.

That would be quite interesting.

lmao "To shave crotch, I'm going to use particle disintegrator." The name is quite sci-fi but it is as simple as shaving the crotch...

Well, you can't really take visible light pictures of atoms because they're smaller than the wavelength of visible light, and in any case, atoms don't really look anything like the models. Models of atoms and molecules are more like a simplified way of describing the chemical and physical properties rather than a zoomed in version of what they actually look like. You can totally find pictures of atoms, though. Start by googling "atom electron microscope" and look at the pictures.

Is there a use for putting an atom inside a buckyball?

@seahawk124 Edam project? I think you might mean Eden project...

dam professor, were you born old or something? your like the principal from back to the future. always lookin old

The @ sign is called an 'attum' (In case anyone wanted to know)

I wonder how did he remove the marker cap

I'm a bit disappointed you didn't explain where the name Buckminsterfullerene comes from or told us about the man it's named after. Richard Buckminster Fuller was one of the greatest engineers and architects of the second half of the 20th Century. His geodesic dome forms are still being used in today's architecture (e.g. Edam Project) and it is one of the rare occasions where nature & chemistry is influencing the forms of our buildings. Wow at 1:25! Doesn't Pete look young and handsome?

@Glassjaw003 very true

maybe you could use it as a ball bearing of sorts for nano-type of mechanics...

I wonder if there's an industrial application for a molecule that can be made to polymerize on demand, just by squashing it.

Wow, Has Pete Licence changed his last name? Did he used to be called Griffin?

At the beginning, "Last week, the Google logo looked really strange. It had a molecule in the shape of a football in the middle of it." Thats what I was meaning.

well in the C60 Molecule, you'll notice that each Carbon is only bonded to 3 others, so one must be a double bond.

I love the way the scientist says graphite. It sounds like graffiti.

World's Best Advisor!?