Bush pepper farming
Bush peppers can be produced from any healthy high yielding black pepper vine. The branches that grow from the main stem are selected for growing bush peppers. The best of branches are a year old with buds.
Bush pepper can be grown in pots and they don’t need support trees to climb on. Having 5 pots of baby pepper will give enough pepper for a household’s requirements. This is ideal for flat dwellers and residents with limited open land. Growing black pepper requires more work and farming expenses as it needs support trees. If taken care properly, bush peppers will begin to flower in a year. It will produce peppercorns throughout the year. Gathering peppercorns from vines spread on high branches of tress is a difficult task. But harvesting is easier in bush peppers. It is easier to carry them around when moving houses also.
What is another name for bush pepper?
Schinus molle Peruvian pepper, American Peruvian peppertree, escobilla, false pepper, molle del Peru, pepper tree, peppercorn tree, Californian pepper tree, pirul and Peruvian mastic evergreen tree.
Which branch is used for bush pepper?
Rooted lateral branches are used for raising bush pepper.
Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) (Family : Piperaceae) is a perennial vine grown for its berries extensively used as spice and in medicine. India is one of the major producer, consumer and exporter of black pepper in the world. Black pepper is cultivated to a large extent in Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu and to a limited extent in Maharashtra, North eastern states and Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Kerala and Karnataka account for a major portion of production of black pepper in the country.
Climate and soil
Black pepper is a plant of humid tropics requiring high rainfall and humidity. The hot and humid climate of sub mountainous tracts of Western Ghats is ideal for its cultivation. It grows successfully between 20° North and South latitude, and from sea level up to 1500 m above sea level. The crop tolerates temperatures between 10° and 40°C. The ideal temperature is 23 -32°C with an average of 28°C.
Optimum soil temperature for root growth is 26-28°C. A well distributed annual rainfall of 125-200 cm is considered ideal for black pepper. Black pepper can be grown in a wide range of soils with a pH of 5.5 to 6.5, though in its natural habitat it thrives well in red laterite soils.
The black pepper growing tracts in the West Coast of India include
1. coastal areas where black pepper is grown in homesteads
2. midlands and where black pepper is extensively cultivated on a plantation scale and
3. hills at an elevation of 800-1500 m above sea level, where the crop is mostly grown on shade trees in coffee, cardamom and tea plantations.
Is pepper farming profitable?
Pepper farming is one of the most profitable businesses in Nigeria and other countries of the world. Just like tomato farming and cucumber farming, pepper farming can be very lucrative.
The crop tolerates temperatures between 10° and 40°C. The ideal temperature is 23 -32°C with an average of 28°C. Optimum soil temperature for root growth is 26-28°C. A well distributed annual rainfall of 125-200 cm is considered ideal for black pepper.
Does bush pepper need sunlight?
A shade net is required for its growth, one which will permit 50% sunlight to penetrate the crop so that it's not directly exposed to the sun. Planted between June-August, pepper berries can be harvested in January-February.
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