Sam is clearly well-practiced at shutting off the fire alarm, as if she does it every day.

"It's a cool hot reaction" when talking about fire and ice.. What a pun!

We use calcium carbide at my work in a steelmill to remove the oxygen from our slag

What? No explosion? But that is what Calcium Carbide is famous for, at least back here in The Netherlands. Just look for "Carbiet schieten" here on KZfaq to see videos of this good old Dutch tradition.

Hooray for match-on-a-stick!

My chemistry teacher just had a bottle out one day, and by coincidence I'm sure, he had some Calcium carbide, too. The bottle had a special rig attached that allowed a lighter in. So, he put something (I think it was a sucker) in the bottle neck (it fit snugly), poured some water in after the calcium carbide, and lit it up. It made a cool canon. So much so that for the rest of the class, we went around scaring random teachers.

"The Chemical Stig"? Backstory please.

The lamps were heavily and if not mainly used for miners in the late 1800s- early 1900s, and are still used by some cavers today.

"Hang on! Those aren't boots!" xD

Great supporting material for my schoolwork. Thank you!

I love learning from you all, great fun! Fascinating.

Love the videos. Im a Geoscience major but chemistry has always fascinated me, the endless combinations of elements forming compounds with minor changes that can have dramatic effects. Im considering doing an extra year just so i can change my major to Chemistry.

"You shouldn't have a crash" Couldn't agree more! Keep the videos coming!

i get so excited when i see a new video uploaded by brady :D

I love these videos. Great job!

Really appreciate the great work, could you have some of the deep sky videos focus on the instrumentation used to collect the light and to compensate for atmospheric disturbances?

Does carbide itself stink? I've seen grey wet paste called 'carbide' disposed of on the ground after welding. That stuff had a sharp smell that felt like you had hit your nose hard.

Thanks Periodic Videos!

I love this show! Professor is the man!

I love your videos, and this was a nice demonstration of calcium carbide's run with water. However, I much prefer a demonstration called the "carbide cannon" which consists of some sort of metal tubing, a plug/projectile of some sort, and a fuse. As you can imagine, the acetylene builds up for quite a nice explosion and a bang.

I had one of the old carbide lanterns for my bike at one time. I never considered it dangerous, although it did get quite warm. The calcium carbide went into one chamber, then you closed that and put water into the upper chamber. You turned the lamp on (and adjusted the brightness) by opening a needle valve that allowed a controlled drip of water into the calcium carbide chamber. I can't remember how I lit it - maybe a built in flint striker?

Brady, I had no idea this channel existed until now. Then I find out there are 400 freaking videos! I hope I am as cool as you are one day.

It would be great if you could include the reaction formula in these videos. Still - awesome demo. Thank you!

The take home message is to drive carefully and not have a crash. Precious :D

They should just do a series called "Periodic Table of Things that Blow Up Real Good."

Awesome vid! And I like your googles, Sam =) it really covers your whole specs unlike mine who sits on my specs making it heavier and more prone to falling off...

Good video. I used an acetylene gas lamp stuck on a miner's helmet when I went potholing about 30 years ago. Kinda strange having a burning reaction going on just above your eyes but they do give out quite a bright light.)

Just got back from the AP Chem exam... sooooo easy... for me at least, thanks for making me more of a chem nut Brady!

I love this channel

Fantastic!!

Brilliant. I questioned my teacher on what exactly the "Empty Space" that compiled most of an atom was. He couldn't tell me. Thanks! :D

I visited a mine in Bolivia (Potosi) where I used a head torch on my helmet that might have been such. I had a container on my waist that was connected with the helmet. This was in 2004 :)

In the eastern parts of Holland there is this tradition called "carbide shooting" near the end of the year. An old milk can with a small hole drilled in the bottom, add some calcium carbide, shut the lid, wait a few moments and hold a match on a stick next to the hole. Can only be done an big empty fields.

Neil is the Stig!? Love it!!! "Some say his base is is Zinc, not Carbon, all we know is... he's not the Stig... but he is the Stig's Chemical Cousin!" hahaha! :)

Unfortunately the old carbide lamps, including one you showed in the video, were made of copper or brass, the acetylene reacted with the copper to form explosive copper acetylide. Usually this was not a problem but any attempt to say repair a leak in an acetylene lamp by soldering it, resulted in an explosion.

Now I've seen it all. Fire water. Now Fire Ice. All thanks to periodicvideos. Thank you very much! Grazie mille!

This is used for welding too. But the equipment I saw always used a big (sealable) container of water, the guy just placed a few lumps of carbide, closed the top and got acetylene that way. It is fun to drop a lump of carbide in a bucket of water - then you can light the water on fire. Or put a lump of carbide on the ground, spray it with a bit of water and light it on fire - then if you spray more water the flame gets bigger.

At work I sometimes use Acetylene to cut steel. I was told by a safetyinstructor an Acetylene cylinder could explode when you hit it with a hammer/knock it over on a concrete floor. It should start somekind of reaction in the cylinder. Is this true and why does this happen?

lol, words of wisdom at the end...

In the Netherlands it is a tradition to shoot with milk churns with carbide in it at New Year (It is essentially a carbide cannon)

Here's a little thing I pulled from Wikipedia as I can't translate it better myself, an old custom of The Netherlands: "In the Netherlands, calcium carbide is still used in a traditional New Year's Eve custom called Carbidschieten (Carbide Shooting). To create an explosion, carbide and water are put in a milk churn with a lid, with ignition usually done with a torch. Some villages in the Netherlands fire multiple milk churns in a row."

Thank you, exactly what I was talking about.

Dont forget that they used to have calcium carbide pellets that were used in portable cutting and welding units before acetylene cylinders.

In my country, many people put some small chunks of calcium carbide in their boxes of raw mangoes. In contact with the moisture in the air, CaC2 slowly releases acetylene gas, which helps the mangoes to ripen faster. But nowadays, its use has been banned because of its negative effects on health.

there is foodskey which is focusing on food mainly but it has quite some biology aspects to it too. i dont think their is a channel for biology (yet).

here in Malaysia we use them to power cannons! not the ones that fires cannonball, but a pipe cannon. you can hear them go off mostly during the fasting months lol

I've got a miners torch that uses CaCo3 and water. I brought it to chemistry class and we fired it up. It was very cool and it actually worked quite well until the joint where the gas chamber met the water chamber burst into flames. Turns out it needed a gasket!

A friend had a can of calcium carbide that he got from the hardware store...we had some fun with that stuff! It looked like a paint can full of gravel...but we knew better! :)

Surely the calcium carbide reacts with moisture in the air? So when you store it in a tub like that it goes off quickly or is an explosion risk from the build up of acetylene when the lid is on?

Just wondering out of curiosity, is there anything regarding biology videos from Nottingham?

Also, What camera are you using for the slow mo stuff. Looks like a DSLR...?

I've no idea what "the enthalpy of fusion" means but I'd say it helped a lot here that the base of the flame is the cooler part.

Great appreciation for Sigma-Aldrich for sponsoring the videos. That is what helps Brady film new videos.

Yay! a new video!! :D

were could i purchase calcium carbide?

That's a great idea!

The rolling explosive reaction going on inside the car's engine seems more dangerous to me than a chemical lamp on the front. Moreover, is it not more dangerous to drive without headlights?

what chemical is a neutron star made of?

This is actually used in a dutch farmer's tradition to fill milk cans with calcium carbide and water to shoot soccer balls with. The explosions are incredibly loud and deep, and the soccerballs fly for hunderd's of meters: ?v=PbexuYQ_2rM

"...it's a cool 'hot' reaction". Mmm, words make me smile!

'Suited and Booted.' Wow. That's just impressive! I should start saying that now.

BRADY AND CREW FTW!

I second this. Sounds like fun.

I like how the match-on-a-stick says it's Neil's!

I believe that the property referred to in the video is that acetylene gas is unstable and may spontaneously react without any ignition source, especially when compressed.

Neil and Sam are the only two people I can imagine on chopper bikes. Be well soon Neil, we love you.

Brady, can you see if Dr. Poliakoff is willing to do the explosive polymerization of p nitro aniline demo? There's one other video out there on it but there's no explanation with it, which is where PVs is really a viking. :)

what is space made from

my grandmother remembers carbide lamps on her bicycle from her childhood.

the pieces of ice in this video get blacked after burning.it is due to soot produced by incomplete combustion of acetylene?(since it is an unsaturated hydrocarbon)

Yes! hence the chasamir effect!

I'm pretty sure he was describing the concept of space, and not necessarily the idea of "outer space" or the cosmos or whatever you want to use to describe the area outside of our atmosphere. For instance, the room you are sitting in right now is a space. Depending on how you use it, space can be abstract or concrete, so depending, it can be made up of nothing or of something.

0:01 if you live in america those outlets are fun to look at

LOL "less traffic" XD

can any 1 tell if acetylene is a stronger acid than ethene?

Headlight fluid!

miners' lamps were also fueled by acetylene that was produced by carbide reactions

I'm confused. How did the fire not melt the ice immediately in the first go? I assume the energy of the reaction with O2 would easily overcome the enthalpy of fusion, no?

Ice with scorch marks on it: Mind blown

In high school for my AP Chem project I made a potato gun using Calcium Carbide and Water. Made for a very effective cannon haha. We also made Acetylene Balloons (with calcium carbide of course) and carved a pumpkin with the balloons haha

Here is a story from my grandfathers childhood: A few rat runs were located under their chicken coop. He and his father plugged up all the holes with exception of two on opposing sides of the coop. Long story short with the use of a pile of calcium carbide and water they successfully managed to blow the chicken coop 3' vertical. The chicken manure which was once located on the concrete floor of the coop was now plastered to the ceiling and the hens did not lay eggs for weeks. Mom was mad.

I think Ill get that inscribed on my wedding band, If I ever marry. "my love for you is like a triple carbon bond."

man, Brady films a lot of channels he must be really busy

Space is not nothing. It is nothing in the sense that space its self has no matter, but it very much so is "Something." Space is a field which matter interacts with. Mass causes this field to stretch like fabric dome around the mass. As a result this allows orbital motion as the mass kind of 'rolls' around the stretched fabric. Much so like a basketball rolling around the top of the hoop before finally falling in or out of the hoop.

I have a sealed tin of Calcium Carbide rocks. I played with them making a torch and other things, many years ago.

Chemicals are made of atoms. Things on the same and higher level of composition are GENERALLY made of chemicals. Of course there are the obvious exceptions when dealing with super-massive gravity scenarios.

I remember back in the 70s my stepdad tossing small containers of carbide in ponds to blow up fish. Hey, this is the guy, a cop, who taught me to shoot at the age of 7 with a Luger. ;)

Classical example: imagine an empty balloon with dots on its surface. as the balloon is filled, the dots appear to move further away from each other, without actually moving anywhere in their own point of view. That's what is happening. Except the 2D "surface" of the balloon is actually the volume of space and the insides of the balloon is the fourth dimension, which is not really possible to picture in head but makes sense in theory. So one can say space is expanding, but it's not as simple

This is probably more of a preventive measure(telling your kids santa won't give them a toy if the aren't nice) but in literal speak, it is dissolved, so shaking it, or hitting it can cause it to raise in pressure. much like a can of soda after it has been shaken or dropped. but your regulator compensated for the pressure difference. but obviously ddropping any pressurized container is bad, and even worse if it's flammable. hope that's helped....

You also have to be carefull what metals acetylene comes into contact with as it makes an explosive compound like Copper(I) acetylide, or cuprous acetylide as is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula Cu2C2. It is a heat and shock sensitive high explosive, more sensitive than silver acetylide...

3:11 This baffles me every time I watch it. How can something be cool and hot at the same time? XD

I think the glass windshield and no seat belts would be much more dangerous, as well as alot of old cars had gravity fed gas systems, so your gas tank was basically above the engine right where the driver and passenger sat. But really back then those cars didnt go as fast, they didnt have much horse power and the roads where nothing like we had today.

At 5:03 the Professor is talking about releasing acetylene gas pressure, but I swear around 5:10 his voice changes make me think he's battling his own eructation.

Space is made out of something because it interacts with forms of energy, like mass. it also expands at the moment. It also acts as a medium for particles to interact with each other, even though we cant see what the thing is that connects everything. It has been tested that a photon and it's pair change state exactly at the same time even when they're separated about 100km apart. It's foolish to assume there's such thing as "nothing", and that space is "nothing".

That's what I meant. The theoretical space between objects is expanding, but space as an object is not actually growing.

It's not warping anything, it's just causing a change in the non-euclidean geometry of space.

So that's what the professor drives. Seems appropriate.

My chemistry teacher told us of a story of when he was young and had an acetylene-lamp on his bike. One time it exploded and he fell into the ditch beside the road :D (He was not harmed)

Those shoes wouldn't be allowed in our labs! LOL

plus, most space that we think as being filled with nothing, an absolute vacuum, actually contains particles. Not too many per cubic meter but it does have some. Compared to the density of atmospheric gases here on Earth's surface, the number in space is incredibly low.