California's Creep-iest Fault

Рет қаралды 33,327

Күн бұрын

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The Hayward Fault is California's most dangerous, and also its creepiest. But that's because it creeps along at a constant rate of 5 mm/yr in between major earthquakes!
The Hayward Fault is the second largest fault in the San Francisco Bay Area, and it stretches over 110 kilometers through the densely populated East Bay region. Because of the dense population and amount of critical infrastructure surrounding it, the Hayward Fault is probably the most dangerous in the country as well. The hazard is not what brought me to Fremont's Central Park though. This park displays some of the best examples of active fault aseismic creep - fault motion without earthquakes - anywhere on the continent. The fault has cut through and offset streets, sidewalks, and buildings all along its length and these are famously and best shown on the patio of the Fremont Community Center.
NOTE: The community center building was closed when we went, but if you are able to visit the inside there is a great exhibit about aseismic creep and earthquake science which features the huge cracks in the building's foundation!

Пікірлер: 134

@bonnieking5493 Жыл бұрын

Great factual video. Your presentation is not boring at all, very interesting and your delivery is wonderful.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Thank you!

@stankythecat6735 Жыл бұрын

Agree !

@JamesChenisKing Жыл бұрын

Just found out the Hayward fault runs parallel to my street and its located directly beneath the front lawn of my neighbors across the street. And half of my house is on a hill with stilts. Really should’ve looked that up before i bought

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

I’m not an engineer, but you may be able to get some peace of mind by looking at what year your house was built and compare that to CA seismic building codes. You have some of the best building codes in the world in the Bay Area, really strong since the late ‘70s.

@JamesChenisKing Жыл бұрын

@@BetterGeology 1956 :( we bought last year with the house remodeled but who knows what they really did. Due to the recent earthquakes we are definatrly hiring a engineer to come out to check.

@chuckd553 Жыл бұрын

So I’m actually a Fremont native. I was just a kid, but I remember the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake exceedingly well. In the Irvington district, that earthquake rattled shelves, and scared the shit out of us, but the impact itself was limited. Most of the area that you’re talking about was probably built in the late 50s and early 60s. That’s really about the time that Fremont started to takeoff as a community. Prior to that, the entire area was a sleepy farm town from what I understand my grandparents moved to the area in the early 60s and mentioned Blacow road at one point actually being dirt. Dude, all I can tell you is that you really need to be prepared to live 100% off grid for at least a few days. Food, water, security, sanitation… Everything. When I was there, I was prepped to live about a month off grid. People thought I was nuts until the Covid food shortages hit, then I thought I was a genius overnight.

@JamesChenisKing Жыл бұрын

@@chuckd553 i immigrated to america in September of 1989 when i was 9. I remember a month of so later the earthquake hit. My parents were like ok, we are moving to the central valley now.

@richardmorgan6105 9 ай бұрын

Like Noah a minister of righteousness and his Ark: that resting place provided by God from His wrath and great flood to come, Christians are ministers of righteousness having been reborn of the Spirit of Father Yahweh, through Jesus Messiah of Nazareth! The disciples of Jesus are helping gather together those whom Father Yahweh is calling into the final fulfilling Ark of His Covenant before the wrath of His purifying fire is poured out upon this evil and adulterous world! Heaven is watching and God has seen the greenhouse effect of lost hope and growing despair in a pagan world suffering from the global warming and holocust of sin! The smoke of its stinch is escaping the very bowels of hell as it gets darker and darker each day from the slash burning of human souls who have sold out to Satan, the god of this world! If you have not done so and while it is called today, please repent and call upon the name of Jesus! If you are a Christian, then hold fast your faith and that Great Commission from Jesus. Share the Gospel of the Kingdom with those whom Father Yahweh is calling and putting into your realm of infuence! "For God so loved the the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believes in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. For God sent not His Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through Him might be saved. He that believes on Him is not condemned: but he that believes not is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God. And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. For every one that does evil hates the light, neither comes to the light, lest his deeds should be reproved. But he that does truth (righteousness) comes to the light, that his deeds may be made manifest, that they are are wrought in God." (John 3:16-19) Hallelujah Amen

@Tuckerpig Жыл бұрын

Alright now this is one of the better videos I have seen on KZfaq in a very long time. I am glad I discovered your channel. Thank you for producing this.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Wow, that’s big. Thank you so much!

@NGXII Ай бұрын

I second this - this level of information density and clarity is very rare on KZfaq, other channels would have stretched this information to ~30min

@DonMachado Жыл бұрын

That was very interesting! Being a born and raised in California it's always captivating to see what is going on with the various faults and anomalies around the state. Like the Niland Geyser or The Devil's Postpile, it's all fascinating to me. Thanks for the presentation!

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Glad you enjoyed it!

@richardmorgan6105 9 ай бұрын

@lh3540 Жыл бұрын

I grew up there, the fault was literally in our backyard. That 1989 earthquake was intense.

@chuckd553 Жыл бұрын

I grew up out there, and I know all of the places that he’s filming at What scares the crap out of me is the lack of preparedness of a lot of people. I drove Uber for a couple of years in Santa Clara County, and it blew me away how few of the new immigrants actually know that the fault line is there, or what a massive risk it poses. I ended up, moving to the central valley before leaving California, but I was commuting into the bay. In my work vehicle, I kept a bug out bag with enough supplies to allow me to walk back to the Central Valley if the Hayward fault popped while I was in the bay. I’ve been waiting for 20 years for that thing to pop. When it does, I expect a massive economic impact that is probably gonna be felt nationally, possibly globally because of the impact to all the major tech companies in the area.

@scottslotterbeck3796 8 ай бұрын

Sacramento and Fresno are the safest places to be in California. Except for flooding. Where my house is, was under 20 feet of water in 1861.

@claudiawelsh9619 2 ай бұрын

I lived in Freemont and now NJ. Interesting reporting and thank you. We felt a quake yesterday.

@angeldee7287 Жыл бұрын

Thank you Andrew! Terrific, informative video about our state. Appreciate this 👍

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Glad you liked it!

@sparkyofsocal 2 жыл бұрын

Growing up in SoCal and living there for many years have always been fascinated with these shifts. Really enjoyed seeing earthquake shifts themselves, last witnessing for me the Ridgecrest, China Lake Trona Quake a few years ago. Question for you. No I live in OR and every morning I turn on computer before work, drink my coffee and check earthquake site just to see what’s going on. I find it so odd the lack of reported quakes within the OR boundaries is so rare with the existence of the Juan de Fuca and Cascadia Subduction Zone sitting outside my front door. I know reports say that small quakes are few and when quakes in the area do occur they are big. I once had a link that showed tremors down at the north and south ends of the state quite regularly with a few spread between. Is that really the story, no quakes along the plates like we see in Ca an north into WA and Canada and Oregon just sits there planted waiting for an 8 to happen.

@BetterGeology 2 жыл бұрын

Yeah, those are the facts. Oregon’s seismic quiescence is a prominent puzzle among seismologists and it probably has to do with the strength of the frictional contact between the Oregon crust and the Juan de Fuca plate. We know that frictional contact is weakest in Northern California and Southern Oregon due to thermal measurements, and most of the crustal faults west of the Cascades are more or less clamped together by the subduction zone. As for the rest of the state… it’s pretty weird. Pretty much the whole state is being smeared apart like a sponge, so there’s a bunch of smaller faults with very slow slip rates which means it takes a very, very long time for enough strain to build for an earthquake to happen. There’s a lot left to learn about Oregon’s seismicity!

@jakegrist8487 Жыл бұрын

This was a great video. I was giving up on KZfaq. There might be hope yet. Nicely done.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Thank you! There’s a lot of good stuff if you look hard.

@larry8lo Жыл бұрын

I went to high school (Fremont) and college (Berkeley) on top of the Hayward Fault. UC Berkeley's stadium is bisected by the fault and it had to be renovated recently.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

I wish I’d been able to include that! Scheduling meant I couldn’t swing through Berkeley. Lots of good sites on that side of the Bay.

@paulsander5433 Жыл бұрын

Take the city of Hayward, for example. They built their city hall on the fault. Regulations were changed to require that city services be built away from the fault. So they built a replacement city hall. On the fault. Then they built another replacement city hall. Two city blocks away from the fault.

@stringlarson1247 Жыл бұрын

Yep. I lived in E. Oakland in '89 and my office was in Emeryville. I was on the Nimitz double decker about 20min before it collapsed. Crazyness.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Oh wow! A good reminder to keep these faults in mind.

@stringlarson1247 Жыл бұрын

@@BetterGeology For months afterward, we'd get 3ish level temblors. Very common along there; however, for the first few months we would jump.

@dfirth224 Ай бұрын

Gov. Dukemejian was responsible for the freeway collapse. CalTrans was in the process of reinforcing the structure. The sections they had finished withstood the shaking. The Gov. vetoed the money to finish the job, he said it would cost to much. The state paid out more in settling the lawsuits. "Penny wise and pound foolish" is what Benjamin Franklin once said.

@stringlarson1247 Ай бұрын

@dfirth224 What's there now is surreal given the geology.

@GadgetFF Жыл бұрын

very interesting to watch, always enjoy these, thank you.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Glad you like them!

@stankythecat6735 Жыл бұрын

New subscriber here! Geology is fascinating. I dated a geologist for a while and he could tell me amazing stories about the geology around us when we travelled.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

My wife tolerates it well too!

@richardmorgan6105 9 ай бұрын

@scottslotterbeck3796 8 ай бұрын

But you dumped him because it's being annoying being around a know-it-all.

@stankythecat6735 8 ай бұрын

@@scottslotterbeck3796 no . Because he hit me

@chefmichaelt 2 жыл бұрын

I always enjoy your videos. Well done.

@BetterGeology 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you!

@TheGreatDuckpression Жыл бұрын

Great video! Well made and very interesting.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Thank you!

@fredsmith3456 3 ай бұрын

Andrew, I just subscribed and appreciate your very educational presentation!

@BetterGeology 3 ай бұрын

Thank you!

@kilcar 28 күн бұрын

Love to have you come to Bend, Oregon and access our hazards, as it's hardly been looked at. Love your theme on your shirt in this piece.

@BetterGeology 19 күн бұрын

I go to Bend quite often! Many interesting things out there. I’ve been thinking a lot about the Metolius fault zone lately.

@fatboy326 Жыл бұрын

Awesome video!

@MrStevos Жыл бұрын

Excellent work !

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Thank you!

@r22gamer54 Жыл бұрын

Great video! You really are gonna grow!

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

I appreciate that!

@dexmadden1201 Жыл бұрын

Nice tight production and concise presentation, positive enjoyable affect. subbed

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Thank you! Glad you liked it.

@Whomobile Жыл бұрын

quite facinating stuff, I wonder how possible it would be to do something like a timelapse on certain structures, say, one photo every year or even less to see how much it changes

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

I’ve thought about that too. It’s a bit too small for aerial photography, as is the creeping part of the San Andreas, so you’d need a permanent ground camera for probably at least 15 years to see much.

@fimbulsummer Жыл бұрын

Great video!

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@mikec5992 Жыл бұрын

Nicely done.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@youandiryan Жыл бұрын

This is a really awesome video. I'm in Canada and I find this really interesting. You are extremely detailed in this video

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Glad you enjoyed it!

@kevinjacobson969 Жыл бұрын

I lived in Fremont for a couple of years and played softball in Central Park. I never knew the history of the Hayward fault in that location when I lived there. Wish I did. Very interesting.

@dfirth224 Ай бұрын

There is a house and sidewalk in Hollister that is shifting on the San Andreas Fault.

@BetterGeology Ай бұрын

Yes, and a lot on the Hayward as well.

@birdwatcnetty9881 Жыл бұрын

I'm a crazy rock hound. Love geology. Thank you.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Glad you enjoyed!

@durhamdf Жыл бұрын

Lol that’s awesome the fault runs literally half a block from my house…good thing I bought earthquake insurance!

@allanegleston4931 11 ай бұрын

thanks for the vid.

@BetterGeology 11 ай бұрын

You’re welcome!

@scottnelson1713 Жыл бұрын

That was very interesting. I wish I knew about that park and the fault walk when I lived in the Bay Area. My house was right on the Calaveras Fault, the next one east of the Hayward Fault. I was glad to get that house sold before the next big earthquake in the area. 🙂

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Oh wow!

@dharmadove Жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@CzechMirco 10 күн бұрын

If it creeps 5 mm a year, it should be actually possible to set up a timelapse camera observing a spot on the patio and showing the actual movement in a speeded up footage.

@PlayNowWorkLater Ай бұрын

What an amazing find! Great teaching tool for kids too. Touch the fault

@BetterGeology Ай бұрын

Thank you!

@deborahriley1166 Жыл бұрын

Interesting! Thanks sir!🙏☯️🙏

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

My pleasure

@bazteki8564 Жыл бұрын

Amazing video, thank you. I used to live in a rental in the neighborhood above the defunct winery. There was a crack that ran from the cul de sac across the street, into our driveway and then straight through the middle of the garage and house. If you look at the house across from fair lane drive in google map street view you can see the crack in the driveway. They’ve continuously repaved the road but the crack always appears again before long. Frighteningly enough there’s a major pge natural gas pipeline running directly under middlefield ave as well. Living there required being in constant willful ignorance 😂

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

I actually planned on shooting at that cut-de-sac but ran out of time (had to make it to Monterey that afternoon). Too many good sites to cover in one video!

@bazteki8564 Жыл бұрын

@@BetterGeology I understand! Can you tell me what you think of the crack? Asking since you mentioned you’d considered filming it. It runs pretty much parallel to the fault, so I always wondered if it was some related micro-fault.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

@@bazteki8564 it’s a parallel splay (branch) of the fault. There’s a quite a few of those, but none are quite as dynamic as those directly on the fault.

@bazteki8564 Жыл бұрын

@@BetterGeology Thank you so much for giving me a proper name for it. Also thanks for your amazing and informative channel. I am already a huge fan!

@Manuelabor1978 11 ай бұрын

We have streets and cracks like that out here in San Bernardino

@chuckd553 Жыл бұрын

So I’m a Fremont native and I lived through Loma Prieta, just a few miles from where I think you filmed at the winery. In the old Fremont police station was actually bisected by the fault line. As in, it literally ran underneath the building. God only knows what they were thinking when they originally built it. I have since left California, but what scares the hell out of me is that there is a spirit of complacency I think that has infiltrated the community about the hazards of that fault. I drove Uber out there for a number of years as a side gig, and occasionally talked to people about the fault line. It is absolutely terrifying how many of the new Immigrants to the area have no clue that the fault is there, and if they do know that it’s there, they don’t understand how dangerous it is. Even fewer people are actually, genuinely prepared for that to pop off. When I was in junior high, taking earth science classes, we were told that local governments believed there could be 250,000 people left homeless when that fault line popped… And this was 20 years ago. The entire area has exploded since then. When that thing goes, Tesla is screwed because the factory is within probably 2 miles or less of the fault line. Even if you ignore the factory itself, a lot of the workers live in Hayward and Union City. Those people aren’t gonna be able to get to work for a week or better would be my guess. I think when The Hayward fault pops, you’re gonna have a massive, no pun intended, seismic disruption to the national economy. It’s super expensive to live on the peninsula, so a lot of those tech workers are either living in apartments in San Jose, or in the cheaper communities in the east bay. Again, good luck getting your workers to shop for work when they can’t get the tap to turn on, the toilets to flush or their home has literally just collapsed.

@chuckd553 Жыл бұрын

Just for the record, that winery, is that over at the intersection of Osgood and Washington? And here’s a little giggle for you: When Loma Prieta hit, I was still a toddler. Mom was reading me a book: The big bad wolf and the three little pigs. Want to guess where she was at when the earthquake hit? “ He huffed, and he puffed, and he blew the house down!” Bam. Earthquake. I wouldn’t let her read that story to me for probably three or four years afterwards. You can’t make this shit up

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

You are right, but disruptions will last a lot longer than a couple weeks. So much of current development is legacy - the result of development from decades or even a century ago. The surface trace wasn’t even mapped super well until the last 20 years or so. Luckily, emergency managers know what to expect and will do their very best. Spot on on the winery, and your mom’s timing 😃

@deanmason5827 Жыл бұрын

Very interesting especially the part about when another fault moved and it stopped the Hayward fault moving for a few years. That can't be good, if it can't move the extra stress has to go some where or build up until the big pop.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Stress is always building up at depth. Faults like this are battles against stress/strain and friction. It just happens that the San Andreas, Hayward, and Calaveras faults cut through rocks in the upper part of the crust which are slippery and allow them to show most of the tectonic motion at the surface. What the cessation of creep did show was how closely linked the stress fields of the San Andreas (last EQ 1989) and the Hayward (last EQ 1868?) really are. The stress change following the ‘89 quake relaxed the Hayward Fault a little for a few years. Amazing stuff.

@deanmason5827 Жыл бұрын

@@BetterGeology Very amazing stuff, so what you are saying is relaxed is a good thing, mind blowing. Thanks for the education, at 62 I am still learning, have a greet 2023.

@JKTCGMV13 Жыл бұрын

Thanks, Algorithm, for showing me BetterGeology

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Thank you for clicking on BetterGeology!

@Prophecy-Cat 2 жыл бұрын

Dog sighted at 5:39

@chesterfieldthe3rd929 Жыл бұрын

Yet they keep building more......... money is garbage

@TravelingGaby Жыл бұрын

I said I was not gonna look up Murder Mystery before moving somewhere but I have found something MUCH more real and worse. My new house is ON the fault line in Hayward :D See y'all soon!!!

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Knowing the risks and hazards is really important on its own!

@abigailpmm1182 Ай бұрын

I'm sitting on it now.

@BetterGeology Ай бұрын

👀

@brickbunny9686 Жыл бұрын

I am surprised there are no videos focusing on the Earth Quake walk in detail.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

You’re right! Wish I had time to do that as well.

@scottslotterbeck3796 8 ай бұрын

I like to vacation in Bodega Bay. The San Andreas runs right under the bay, up the coast to Mendocino. Some of the homes in BB are built on sand dunes right on top of the fault, and on a hillside. Hmmm. No thanks...

@crakkbone8473 Жыл бұрын

Good stuff, Andrew.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Thank you!

@1234j 2 жыл бұрын

Excellent and most interesting. Talk about location, location, location 🙄...

@BetterGeology 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you!

@madblunted Жыл бұрын

montana by lake hegben, we have pretty much the same thing.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Sort of. The main distinction between the two is the sense of motion (lateral vs. vertical at Hebgen) and that the Hayward creeps like this at a near-constant rate. There are not a lot of faults that do that!

@JustBCWi Жыл бұрын

Continually all the time, verses continually some of the time? Five milimeters per year for 50 years sums to a tad under 8-1/2 inches. That's a lot of spread in those legs.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

It is important to be as clear as possible! But yes, the Hayward Fault is cruising. The San Andreas's creeping section is quite a lot faster; as much as three feet since the 1906 earthquake.

@AnonOmis1000 Жыл бұрын

Very interesting. Why do fault lines have ends?

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

That's a good question, and I'm not really sure how to answer it. Usually they either merge with another fault or transition into an area of broad deformation with lots of little faults or fractures (called a horsetail fracture pattern).

@AnonOmis1000 Жыл бұрын

@@BetterGeology so was the graphic yoy showed just a simplification?

@wesmahan4757 2 жыл бұрын

Does a "creepy" fault, lessen the likelihood of a major rupture, or lessen the magnitude of a major rupture along that fault, such as we are expecting in the Juan de Fuca fault? Does western Oregon have equivalent "creepy" faults?

@BetterGeology 2 жыл бұрын

No on all counts.

@BetterGeology 2 жыл бұрын

Even though the very surface is continuously creeping, there is still a bunch of elastic strain accumulating in the rocks likely between 3 and 10 km deep. It’s these deeper structures that drive surface displacement, but the local basement rocks - chiefly soft metasedimentary and serpentine rocks of the Franciscan Complex - are more likely to slide continuously than to bend and deform elastically.

@silenc3x Жыл бұрын

Why are they building directly on the fault line?? wtf. Did they not know at the time? I can understand highways and stuff, but like that little building could have just been moved over 10 feet lol.

@BetterGeology Жыл бұрын

Mostly not knowing. When the area was developed, it was mostly farmland before so there weren’t any solid structures to show this creeping offset. Even then, the offsets didn’t show up for decades after the buildings were built!