Car restoration master from China | Repairing Audi A6 after high-speed collision

Рет қаралды 209,227

Mechanic Han

10 күн бұрын

Support channel paypal.me/han539252?country.x...

Пікірлер: 178

@carltosten7875 Күн бұрын

I did heavy collision for many years and it was very satisfying to put cars back together, nice job guys!

@Uwe_Arndt 9 күн бұрын

Bei uns in Deutschland undenkbar das sowas noch wieder auf die Straßen kommt. Zum Glück haben wir sehr hohe Sicherheitsstandards und zertifizierte Prüfstellen die sowas aus dem Verkehr ziehen. 🙂

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Ja, in wirtschaftlich entwickelten Ländern sind die Menschen sehr besorgt um die Sicherheit, aber in rückständigen Ländern steht die Sicherheit oft nicht an erster Stelle

@Lifecar777 2 күн бұрын

ми в Украине делаем такое за 2000 $

@jenshotz712 2 күн бұрын

Also das wird genauso bei uns gemacht aber es währe zu teuer bei uns. aber die Art und weise genau wie bei uns wir haben vielleicht besseres Werkzeug.

@josemanuelalbalatpuig9297 23 сағат бұрын

Seguramente el operario cree que lo está haciendo muy bien. Pero es una irresponsabilidad 😮. Desgraciadamente no es viable, por más económico que seas capaz de hacerlo, en esa carrocería se van a subir personas humanas.

@yazanlee6945 22 сағат бұрын

@@xinxianshi Dont listen to that dude, his ego is so far up his asshole he probably gets off by comparing how superior he/their country is. You did an amazing work with that car and once electornics are checked again it is 100% safe to drive.

@ussdiscovery6912 5 күн бұрын

I’ve worked in the autobody industry for 30 years as a painter and I never get tired of seeing wrecked cars especially badly damaged cars get repaired back to like new condition. Awesome work 💪🏻👍

@xinxianshi 4 күн бұрын

Hello, it's nice to meet a senior in the maintenance industry. I wish you good health.

@garrypritchard1658 2 күн бұрын

If you think that's awesome work you couldn't have been much of a panel beater

@ussdiscovery6912 Күн бұрын

@@garrypritchard1658 I never said I did bodywork I only painted the cars afterwards

@garrypritchard1658 22 сағат бұрын

My mistake I'm sorry for my getting your message wrong I probably never read it properly but when I saw the word awesome I got fired up and mistook you for a panel beater I still think it's a shitty repair job but if I offended you I'm sorry 😞 😔

@ussdiscovery6912 21 сағат бұрын

@@garrypritchard1658 no offense taken. It’s all good 👍

@shauncullen5669 7 күн бұрын

Absolutely criminal.

@justpcfunboy 9 күн бұрын

in Italy to repair damage of this type it takes a minimum of 30,000 US dollars. so you are truly magical

@drozdov2 8 күн бұрын

В России не востановят её, и она будет ездить не 1 десяток лет

@drozdov2 8 күн бұрын

Востанавливать не такие повреждения

@Lifecar777 2 күн бұрын

ми в Украине делаем такое за 2000 $

@rochford59 3 күн бұрын

Very clever,he obviously knows what he' s doing,but still concerned with the structural integrity!!

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Hello, repairing such an accident car does lose some safety, but they find a balance between safety and economic benefits, which is the key to repairing an accident car.

@iantyler4045 8 күн бұрын

You totally lost me when the pop rivet gun came out. That car should never see the road again.

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Haha, rivets are normal. This car was originally equipped with rivets. Because the shock absorber bracket is made of aluminum alloy, it cannot be welded. There is no problem with this car because the overall frame is not damaged.

@garyhallsworth5029 5 күн бұрын

It would have been written off in the UK insurance

@tonilubeck9405 9 күн бұрын

Sadly this kind of work should never be done in the USA, like this. Structural integrity is gone, as talented as he maybe, not worth the life of unsuspecting occupants.

@bigdavedownunder 9 күн бұрын

Why he replaces all the damaged panels the same way the car is built not like he is filling it with inch thick filler if insurance companies could cover the cost they would

@bernardowens1648 9 күн бұрын

Not "should never be done in the USA", It's "Would never be done in the USA." That Audi was well beyond repair. The "tear down" labor alone Would have totalled out the car and the repair is shadetree. No insurance company would have authorized that let alone paid for the completed project.

@petemason57 9 күн бұрын

This would be classed in the UK as a class A or B write off and never sold for repair just scrapped. He does good work though.

@jon-kp2rq 9 күн бұрын

@@bernardowens1648 clueless bedwetter!

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

Hello, the situation in each country is different. Similar repairs are very common in our country. Economic conditions determine people's choices. I believe that many years ago, Americans would also repair serious damage accidents. With economic development and the improvement of laws and regulations, such things will gradually decrease and disappear.

@yokapok6490 9 күн бұрын

Voilà une carcasse qui est juste bonne pour la casse .Je pense qu'il est possible de la changer par une neuve et remonter tous les éléments dessus. Ici nous assistons à quelque chose de vraiment pas sérieux voire même une pure folie .Je pense aussi que dans ce pays les épaves de ce genre doivent être légion.

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

Oui, dans notre pays, il existe une chaîne industrielle très complète pour réparer les véhicules accidentés. Ils peuvent toujours effectuer les réparations au moindre coût, donc le soudage et l'assemblage sont également la méthode la plus courante, comme vous l'avez mentionné, le remontage avec un nouveau châssis. C'est possible, mais le coût est faramineux, encore plus élevé que le prix d'une voiture neuve.

@yokapok6490 8 күн бұрын

@@xinxianshi c’est exacte le coût est faramineux ! Dans le cas ici présent le véhicule n’aurait jamais dû être réparé rien que pour la sécurité générale. Êtes vous en Chine ? Cdlt

@kalani4471 8 күн бұрын

Hell of a lotta work, dunno how you men do it. Tons of patience i guess. Amazing.

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Hello, thank you for your message. It is true that the workload of repair is very large and requires the cooperation of multiple trades.

@user-yj5cw1ti3b 2 күн бұрын

На клепки приделал перо. Главное пластиком закрыл))

@user-hk1yc5gp1j 2 күн бұрын

فعلا انت ذكى جدا ومن الواضح انة يعرف مايفعلة لكنه لايذال مهتمابسلامة الهيكلية

@user-nn4yk9ju3i 2 күн бұрын

У НАС ПРИ ТАКОЙ РАБОТЕ НАДЕВАЮТ ОЧКИ, И БЕРЕГУТ ГЛАЗА.

@musa_8014 6 күн бұрын

Bu hasarı alımış aracı kesinlikle yola çıkarmam direk sağlam kalan parçaları yedek parça olarak değerlendiririm çünkü şese hasarlı buda yolcu ve yol güvenliğini hiçe saymaktır uzak durun kolay gelsin.

@xinxianshi 4 күн бұрын

You are right, safety is always the top priority

@louisebrown2887 8 күн бұрын

Unbelievable the work you can do on these vechiles that are damaged so bad

@nortongprade9330 9 күн бұрын

Sem noção o que vocês fizeram neste Audi. Profissionalismo é pouco. Vocês são mestres. Beleza Pura.

@drozdov2 8 күн бұрын

В России не такие Востанвливают По-хлеше

@masahirohashitashi745 9 күн бұрын

Another rolling coffin...

@benjilafouine 9 күн бұрын

Some years ago in 2003, a car hit mine from behind at 80 km/h while I was waited at a red light, not moving. My car was a total loss and it was torn like a banana and even deformed my seat. I have been living since then with serious consequences as my backbone was moved forward and twisted it. The insurance evaluator who looked at the car totalled it and he mention that he had never seen that before for the bent seat. A few weeks ago, watching videos from Han, I remembered that my car was hit on the driver’s side B pillar by a garbage truck. My car went spinning and ended up on a lawn of a house nearby. The B pillar had to be replaced and the two doors. I have actually surprised that it was not totalled. A few weeks ago, I started realizing that maybe the B pillar job had somehow weakened the structure or the car. I am really wondering if it would have torn like that and turning the seat too. I will never know I guess. The damage from the first was extensive. The whole B pillar was torn and both the front and rear doors windows broke (more like exploding), leaving me covered with tempered pieces of glass and the roof was also damaged. As for me, I was shaken but nothing else. The 2003 accident made the job and the car bent on that precise replaced B pillar. I guess I will never know if the previous repair caused it.

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

I feel very sorry for your experience. I hope everything is fine with you. It is difficult to judge whether the previous replacement of the B-pillar affects the subsequent accident, because the subsequent accident occurred from the rear side, and the B-pillar did not play a supporting role in this accident. In addition, in similar accidents, the passengers in the front car are likely to suffer injuries to the cervical and lumbar vertebrae. This may be related to the model you drive. American and European cars are stronger than Japanese cars. I don’t know what model you drive ?

@benjilafouine 7 күн бұрын

@@xinxianshi It was the new then Ford Escort 1997 that was replaced by the Focus shortly after. My car literally bent into a banana shape around that same pillar. It’s hard to say and I think it’s just an educated guess (or a coincidence).

@murtadahhasan6329 9 күн бұрын

Hello my friend I hope you fine and good health I see this video my opinion bad working doing I’m not satisfied about this work thanks again for this video ( Kuwait 🇰🇼)

@orlandosoto6080 8 күн бұрын

You’re not satisfied they do nothing short of miracles excellent work on that kind of damage here in America most times the paint don’t match the rest of the car, but hey if you can do better maybe you should make a video showing us your expertise 👍🏼

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

Hello, I understand your feelings. I don't agree with similar repair methods, but it doesn't affect my analysis of it to you, so that everyone knows that there are still many incredible things happening in the world.

@murtadahhasan6329 8 күн бұрын

@@xinxianshi thanks again ( Kuwait 🇰🇼)

@itumelengseema2921 16 сағат бұрын

I agree with you

@gazbot73 9 күн бұрын

We can bodge it. YEAH WE CAN BOYS.

@Bayuhutamamotor 9 күн бұрын

Amazing video thank you so much for sharing friend 👍👍

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Hello, thank you for your support

@kemalgirici9584 8 күн бұрын

Sizin temiz isciliginizi izlemek bir tutku.başarılar

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Merhaba, desteğiniz için teşekkür ederiz

@chanay1377 7 күн бұрын

Good job as German Meister

@user-xx8gg8sn5e 3 күн бұрын

Спасибо что не лечат людей😅варвары😢

@musholiyanzaenuri5478 2 күн бұрын

Ma'af saya juga seorang mekanik di indonesia melihat cara mengerjakan ini kurang bagus terimakasih vidionya

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Hello, I wonder if such accident cars can be repaired in your country?

@alexandrealmeida2932 Күн бұрын

Bom trabalho de reparo.

@technichka_msk 9 күн бұрын

Они автогеном так всю машину сожгут😂😂😂😂😂

@alexfint6792 7 күн бұрын

У меня глаз всё видео дергался)

@1maico1 8 күн бұрын

It would fold up like a cheap deck chair in another shunt

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

No, even in an accident, it will not fold up, the overall structure of the car is not damaged

@alexfint6792 7 күн бұрын

Ужас. Нет слов...

@josesantos.3237 8 күн бұрын

No way that car is safe he has great talent tho

@garrypritchard1658 3 күн бұрын

He might have talen but not as a car repairman fucken awful 😮😮😮

@RayTitske 13 сағат бұрын

@@garrypritchard1658 car you better.

@garrypritchard1658 12 сағат бұрын

@RayTitske if I couldn't I wouldn't try

@edolugo150267 8 күн бұрын

definitivamente es un auto inseguro

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Sí, la seguridad se reducirá después de la corrección, pero es aceptable.

@eglencemedya3519 Күн бұрын

Millet sırf hava uğruna bu araclari alıyor

@user-vx4nk8ie8f 2 күн бұрын

😊 и так сойдёт ✋🏼😂

@puseletsokhena5322 9 күн бұрын

Wow 😮 good job, all the way from South Africa 🇿🇦 am watching each and every episode if you upload it guy’s

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

Hello, thank you for your support and wish you a happy stay in South Africa.

@anthonythewitness 2 күн бұрын

Very true

@Lifecar777 2 күн бұрын

Заклепки на стакане это просто пиздец

@user-gr4cu4bp2t 4 күн бұрын

Al desarmadero

@mfs5493 9 күн бұрын

This is neither a restoration nor a repair. It is absolutely forbidden here in Switzerland. The material stresses cannot be restored. Scrapyard to recover certain mechanical parts is all that's left.

@jon-kp2rq 9 күн бұрын

utter bollox, total bedwetters in switzerland, brainwashed fool!

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

Yes, people in your country are very rich and no one will buy such a car, but in my country, there are still many people who can't afford a car, so these restored cars are very popular, because the price is low, so many people who don't have money can also afford the car they like, they don't care about safety,

@alexandrkolchak2035 8 күн бұрын

печально, после такого бокового удара через колесо что бы не пострадала трансмиссия???это ведь ауди, безопасность похоже им больше не понадобится

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Здравствуйте, кронштейн колеса сломан, коробка передач целая.

@user-gl5lu9nh4c 9 күн бұрын

O.m.g

@thomasortmann41 4 күн бұрын

Here in Germany this car would never ever see the streets again ,after that fixing😂. This Audi A 6 can go 250 kilometers per our ,and the complete repaired front part would not hold the engine and wheels in place 😂😂😂 Damm dangerous to drive high speed with that car 😂😂😂.

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Hello, the frame is not damaged, so the engine compartment is not damaged, and high-speed driving is no problem. However, it is still recommended to control the speed to 100 kilometers per hour.

@christiang.9485 4 күн бұрын

Bei aller Liebe und dem handwerklichen Geschick dieser Leute, ist ein A6 m.M.n. nicht mehr dafür da, dass man solche Rahmenreparaturen macht. Alleine diese Bodenpartie im Schweller oder die verklebten Punktschweißnähte usw. - das ist nicht gedacht, um damit Autoscooter zu machen - und es wieder zusammen zu flicken. Schon gar nicht bei einem Auto wo eben locker 250 fahren kann. Da bin ich ehrlich gesagt froh, dass ich noch keinen Unfall hatte - trotz sehr sportlicher Fahrweise. Eigentlich fährt man deswegen ja Audi, oder - also dass man KEIN Unfall hat.

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Hallo, es hört sich so an, als ob deine Fahrkünste sehr gut sind. In Deutschland gibt es keine Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung und die Höchstgeschwindigkeit ist bei uns auf 120 begrenzt Auch nach Reparaturen wird empfohlen, die Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung von 80 Kilometern pro Stunde nicht zu überschreiten.

@christiang.9485 2 күн бұрын

@@xinxianshi Wenn ich den mehrteiligen Schweller sehe, der scheinbar nur von außen geschweißt wurde, kann ich das MEHR als GUT nachvollziehen. Ich hätte den wenigstens versucht auch innen zu schweißen. Aber Ja, 120 bei einem A6 ist keine Geschwindigkeit - nur eben auf deutscher Autobahn würde ich sowas nicht mehr fahren wollen - da habe ich auf dem Beschleunigungsstreifen am Ende sogar schon 180 km/h drauf.

@MrZak452 7 күн бұрын

Job ou il faut une équipe de nuit pour fournir les pièces.

@andrijacrncic1111 Күн бұрын

It's all about money..nothing else. Money,money,money....

@kuzey-guney 9 күн бұрын

Tamirden sonra bu arabaya binilmez ilk kazasında dağılır ve içindekilere zarar verir 👎

@itstimetoburn1 4 күн бұрын

These are the cars you see for a few thousand less in the search results. Apart from all the rust problems and failing electronics, what would it be like if you had an accident with this car again?

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Hello, there are indeed many accident-repaired cars for sale in the second-hand market. Such cars will suffer losses in safety and durability. If an accident occurs again, it will increase the safety risk of the people in the car.

@siyahinci4109 9 күн бұрын

şimdiye kadar gördügüm en berbat ve kötü tamir işlemi hiç yapmasanız daha iyiydi:)

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

Haha, I understand your feelings. This kind of repair is unbelievable in developed countries, but in many developing countries, it is a common situation. People will not easily scrap damaged cars.

@louisebrown2887 8 күн бұрын

What was the price and the cost to fix this one and the amount of time put into it

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Hello, the cost of repairing the car is about $5,000. Because they used dismantled car parts, it was very cheap and the time was also very fast. It took about a week to repair it.

@MrZak452 7 күн бұрын

Le chalumeau pour redresser ,alors là non.

@Miszel1969 4 күн бұрын

Ile czasu trwała naprawa?

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Hello, this car took a week to repair.

@abdulcabbar3074 9 күн бұрын

Siz bu işi bilmiyorsunuz böyle olmaz video (21:16) dakika 16 saniye hala keski elinde ortada bi şey yok siz bu işi yapmayın. SİZE BİR FİKİR (ARTUR TUSSİK)VİDEO SEYREDİN KENDİNİZİ GELİŞTİRİN (YAZIK)

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

Tamam öneri için teşekkürler, bu video oldukça amatör düzeyde

@_volens_nolens 5 күн бұрын

Shang Thsung wings,Fatality!!!

@BillMulholland1 9 күн бұрын

I can’t watch this anymore. I’m sorry ✌️✌️✌️

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Hello, I understand what you mean. Maybe you can't accept this kind of repair method. You prefer the work of our Nissan team. Then see you in the next video.

@fabricecollard4525 4 күн бұрын

Et bien c est absolument pas de la réparation dans les règle de l are terrifient. 😮

@BillMulholland1 9 күн бұрын

Nooo✌️😔

@lioneldickerson1550 9 күн бұрын

Pushing that hard, your drill bits must be blunt.

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Yes, you need to sharpen the drill bit every time you drill a few holes to improve efficiency. The sheet metal of Audi cars is too hard.

@garrypritchard1658 3 күн бұрын

I thought that drill was going to slip and the drillbit go through his nuts😢😢😢

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Hi, thanks for the tips. The drill did not slip, they know how to protect themselves,

@19lol19 3 күн бұрын

Hey did you use to work on websites many yeara ago? Like coding and programming? You look like Han that worked on my website many years ago

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Hi, I have not done any coding work on the website.

@19lol19 2 күн бұрын

@xinxianshi ok well you have a twin

@Rugal2288 9 күн бұрын

que buenos videos, ¿las piezas que consigues las realizas, las compras nuevas, las reparas o son de agencia?

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

Hola, este es un auto que fue encargado por otros para ser restaurado por maestros. Después de la reparación, habrá canales especiales para vender este auto. Los maestros solo ganan algunos honorarios de reparación.

@leonardoperotti2636 3 күн бұрын

Anche a Napoli fanno la stessa cosa😂😂😂

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Ciao, grazie mille per la tua analisi. In genere, nei paesi sviluppati, è vietato riparare i veicoli in caso di incidenti gravi, non so come lo stabilisca Naplus.

@denistate3697 3 күн бұрын

Hello everyone, how long did it take you to repair the Audi A6?😊

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Hello, this car took a week to repair.

@german-eagle 2 күн бұрын

No way.

@emilgonda8300 6 күн бұрын

Ľutujem kto si kupi takuto fest buračku

@user-jx3of4lt3q 2 күн бұрын

Sauver les apparences, attention danger public !!!!!!!!!

@user-uk5ce7sz9m 9 күн бұрын

Ля киты умные, варят без маски, пилят болгаркой наоборот в маске сварочной

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

Да, они знают, когда беречь глаза

@user-cg8en2oe6u 2 күн бұрын

Ma cosa vi ha fatto di male quella povera macchina 😢

@danieleriksson1657 9 күн бұрын

You should cover the interior while working

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

You're right, we overlooked this.

@danieleriksson1657 8 күн бұрын

@@xinxianshi but otherwise a good job!

@rodmaclean6862 9 күн бұрын

, amazing!! 👍

@BillMulholland1 9 күн бұрын

👎

@user-sj2ox5el2n 9 күн бұрын

中国にはドイツ文化の影響をかなり受けた地域があるので、ドイツ車も大量に中国に持ち込まれました。当然、今回のように修復が難しいドイツ車を修復するための部品や技術が持ち込まれていたとしても不思議ではありません。

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

おっしゃるとおり、私の国ではドイツ車がとても人気があり、その数は非常に多く、板金が厚く、構造が複雑で、比較的安全です。。

@1000RXR 2 күн бұрын

Si un gros choc je ne donne pas de chance aux passagers

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

En effet, dans certaines situations extrêmes, il est facile de faire des victimes. Seule une conduite prudente peut garantir la sécurité.

@neilrafferty2097 3 күн бұрын

Why?

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Hello, I understand your doubts. Similar repairs are very common in our country. Almost all accident cars will be repaired, but this situation is rarely seen in developed countries.

@garrypritchard1658 3 күн бұрын

I would not like that repair on my car😢😢😢

@xinxianshi 2 күн бұрын

Hello, I understand your idea. Some people find it difficult to accept such a repair method, but this is the most cost-effective method. It is very important to calculate the cost of repairing an accident car. If the repair cost is very high, there will be no economic benefit, and no one will repair the accident car.

@ulliarb 6 күн бұрын

The biggest botch I've ever seen

@xinxianshi 4 күн бұрын

Hello, you may not like it, but someone needs him.

@orlandosoto6080 9 күн бұрын

Don’t do this at home, for entertainment purposes only, in America a car is declared a total loss with less damage than this and the repairs most times is not as good as this, they will pay you for the remaining value of the car instead of fixing it🤷

@user-fz5mb9mv6d 9 күн бұрын

Could I add..."don't do this ANYWHERE... An absolutely shocking 'repair'.

@jon-kp2rq 9 күн бұрын

@@user-fz5mb9mv6d only shocking to weak pathetic clueless bedwetters!

@xinxianshi 8 күн бұрын

Hello, your concerns about safety are normal, but in other countries, people do this all the time and no one thinks there is anything wrong with it because they are used to it.

@orlandosoto6080 8 күн бұрын

@@xinxianshi what people don’t understand is that you can get killed in a brand new car , these people perhaps don’t have the means to buy another car so the fix what they have, in most affluent places people don’t finish their meal the throw away half of it because they can afford it also people watching the repair are missing the point this mechanics are very skilled and the replacement parts are new see the videos for what it is an artist at work, I’m willing to bet that if Jesus came down and made a million blind people see again there would be some one to criticize his work, Enough Said🤷

@benjilafouine 8 күн бұрын

This car has no value left, at least in North America. And also, I am noticing that some of the replacement parts are not new.

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Yes, all the parts are removed from old cars, which will greatly reduce the cost of repair. In our country, repairing accident cars is a very mature market.

@jefffraser4992 8 күн бұрын

Looked like an insurance write off with all that A pillar damage and front end damage. Are you guys just rebuilding salvage vehicles? Put some safety glasses on and safety shoes 😶‍🌫️

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Yes, this is a fully insured car, which was then auctioned off by the insurance company and can continue to be used after being repaired.

@cevdetcatal1128 9 күн бұрын

Yeni bir kasa olsaydı daha iyiyidi

@aleskordik6911 Күн бұрын

absolabsolutely bad job done.. it just couldn't be done that way.. terrible work!!!

@RafaelTurporamos-ev6iv 8 күн бұрын

Ese trabajo deja mucho que desear la estructura siempre se trata de enderesar lo maximo posible en frio que pena ese auto ya no sirve aprendan a trabajar primero

@xinxianshi 7 күн бұрын

Hola, tus comentarios son muy profesionales. Todavía hay mucho margen de mejora durante todo el proceso de reparación.