Carnot Cycle & Heat Engines, Maximum Efficiency, & Energy Flow Diagrams Thermodynamics & Physics

No video

Carnot Cycle & Heat Engines, Maximum Efficiency, & Energy Flow Diagrams Thermodynamics & Physics

Рет қаралды 359,219

Күн бұрын

This thermodynamics / physics video tutorial provides a basic introduction into the carnot cycle and carnot heat engines. It explains how to calculate the maximum efficiency of heat engine which is equivalent to the thermal efficiency of an ideal carnot heat engine. This video contains energy flow diagrams that will help you to visualize the transfer of heat energy from the hot reservoir into the heat engine and then to the cold reservoir. This tutorial also discusses how to calculate the mechanical work generated by a carnot engine. It also covers the four steps of the carnot cycle which consists of an isothermal expansion, adiabatic expansion, isothermal compression and adiabatic compression. This thermodynamics contains all of the formulas and equations needed to solve the practice problems presented in this tutorial.
Open Vs Closed Vs Isolated System: • Open System, Closed Sy...
First Law of Thermodynamics:
• First Law of Thermodyn...
Isobaric Process:
• Isobaric Process Therm...
Isochoric Process:
• Isochoric Process Ther...
Isothermal Process:
• Isothermal process The...
Internal Energy of an Ideal Gas:
• Internal Energy of an ...
_________________________
Adiabatic Process:
• Adiabatic Process - Wo...
PV Diagrams:
• PV Diagrams, How To Ca...
Thermodynamics Review:
• Thermodynamics, PV Dia...
2nd Law of Thermodynamics:
• Second Law of Thermody...
Heat Engines:
• Heat Engines, Thermal ...
Converting Heat Into Electricity:
• Thermodynamics - Conve...
________________________
Otto Cycle:
• Otto Cycle of Internal...
Refrigerators and Heat Pumps:
• Refrigerators, Heat Pu...
Entropy:
• Entropy Change For Mel...
Heat Engines and Refrigerators Review:
• Carnot Heat Engines, E...
Physics PDF Worksheets:
www.video-tuto...

Пікірлер: 124

@TheOrganicChemistryTutor 7 ай бұрын

Final Exams and Video Playlists: www.video-tutor.net/

@lukecicala2620 3 жыл бұрын

I hope KZfaq pays you well because you’re out teaching my professor

@wolvsongthechosen 3 жыл бұрын

This guy has helped me pass all my upper courses of chemistry he is a life saver, thank you.

@JohnVKaravitis 2 жыл бұрын

What school you go to?:

@colestinson8564 4 жыл бұрын

13:14 for Carnot Cycle

@abdinhuda3007 4 жыл бұрын

Thanks a bunch

@MuhammadMohad 4 ай бұрын

Thank you

@charlesmutuku9345 2 жыл бұрын

you made the carnot cycle easy for me to understand,i passed in my thermodynamics exam.thank you

@rheaplawat 4 жыл бұрын

i am so grateful for this elegant and simple explanation of the carnot cycle. it saved me from losing so many marks in my exams!

@ClydeBuka 5 ай бұрын

You explained better than my lecturer thankyou

@areebahjamal5075 4 жыл бұрын

This really helped me connect all the ideas together. Thank you so much!

@kevinmurphy4946 3 жыл бұрын

i'm trying to connect with you hihi

@radheykrishna3915 Жыл бұрын

You are excellent bro! Even my lecturer isn't able to tell in this way! You are a great person!

@bethuelopety9766 3 ай бұрын

Less than a week before my exams I I just learnt more than what was taught over a semester

@guguruseto Жыл бұрын

absolute chad, thanks mr. organic chemistry tutor. If I pass my thermodynamics class, It's mostly thanks to you!

@Harry-vc7fj 8 ай бұрын

did you pass?

@guguruseto 8 ай бұрын

@@Harry-vc7fj yessiree ✌️

@jordanmwandila5438 2 жыл бұрын

Last week our lecture gave us an assignment to explain about the Carnot cycle and I took note of exactly what our organic tutor is explaining guess what,,? I got an 100 %

@scientistlegend9156 Жыл бұрын

What majors did The Organic Chemistry Tutor select at college because everything you explain it becomes clear . Everything Maths , Biology, Chemistry , Physics , which ones were your majors ?

@srw2289 Жыл бұрын

Thank you for your valuable lecture! I'll do my best in the finals.

@Forexmotivationss 2 жыл бұрын

My school fees needs to be sent to this man!

@alphaworld6247 6 күн бұрын

Exam time fears this man fr!

@hiwotberhanu3814 3 жыл бұрын

I love u dude I was dealing with a hard problem with carnot graph I was trying the question for 2 days and now after ur video 🤗🤗🤗I came up with the answer😍😘😘😘

@omeransari6894 3 жыл бұрын

Your Thumbnails alone are so informative; respect mann

@johns228 5 жыл бұрын

Hi, at 18:08, I think you missed a negative sign. Q(c)=-nRT(c)ln(Vd/Vc) Your videos really help a lot!!

@leesnotbritish5386 11 ай бұрын

Exam time in 18 minutes, let’s see what we get

@what5493 Жыл бұрын

Great! I was looking for how to calculate the net work.. It took only few minutes💯💥

@user-ij8ph3rp4x 21 күн бұрын

Thank you teacher 🎉🎉

@felipegarcia2269 5 жыл бұрын

On Question 2, why did you use a different variant for the efficiency, and when do you know to use which one?

@serious-power3085 4 жыл бұрын

this is 2 years late but if helps anyone they are equivalent

@serious-power3085 4 жыл бұрын

*4 months late

@serious-power3085 4 жыл бұрын

divide the numerator by the denominator and it goes from (Th - Tc)/Th to 1 - (Tc/Th)

@Nick-mq6iq 2 жыл бұрын

Something about your voice just puts me in "learning mode". It's so soothing, and clear like I can understand what I'm being told

@fuge74 5 жыл бұрын

thank-you, studying for thermal physics and we are using Daveil V. shreoders book, this is a great complement to it.

@workerpowernow 2 жыл бұрын

i've watched your videos from my freshman year of undergrad through my physics PhD courses when I get confused lol. Thanks

@mjzotv7353 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you lecture

@justinlaberge2522 4 ай бұрын

In Step 2 of the Carnot Cycle, the Equation for Change in internal energy used is dU = n(Cv)dT, why do we use Cv (molar heat capacity at constant volume) if we are talking about an adiabatic expansion where the volume is not constant?

@KG_Studios 11 ай бұрын

Thanks man Very thorough

@birukkifle4990 4 жыл бұрын

the best one from all KZfaq videos

@tochukwutk5190 Жыл бұрын

Wherever you got your examples from please keep it coming my test was the exact same thing no difference ❤️❤️❤️ I love you 😭❤️🔥😂😂

@ELIUDKIPCHIRCHIR-ll3xf 9 ай бұрын

Great job professor,,grateful for your good job

@geo19982 2 жыл бұрын

am really loving the way he explains. i do understand

@cryptobossz Жыл бұрын

I love this channel so much

@xaviiifrances 3 жыл бұрын

I've seen some of your videos and they are amazing, I also wonder what tablet you use to make your videos because it looks amazing!

@iarenubie78 5 жыл бұрын

Umm as a chemist I would prefer the sign convention (Delta U = Q + W ) but the rest are fine

@gustavopaz5453 4 жыл бұрын

Why do chemists want to impose a sign convention that only meshes well with chemistry problems? The laws of thermodynamics are supposed to be universal. Why do some people want to tailor them for specialized cases?

@yashyelmame1460 4 жыл бұрын

@@gustavopaz5453 the sign convention of chemistry can be used in physics and vice versa Both of them are universal

@Laws2 4 жыл бұрын

Ah yes, Physical Chemistry. The bane of my undergraduate GPA

@nerdy8644 Жыл бұрын

I am very interested in physics and related subjects. This video is simple for me to understand

@andrewdawe9610 3 жыл бұрын

Near the end of the video when you are calculating the work done by the adiabatic expansion between B and C you use the constant Cv. Isn't Cv a constant used when the volume is constant? In the same way Cp is used in a process where the pressure is constant?

@carultch Жыл бұрын

You don't necessarily need constant volume for Cv to apply, or constant pressure for Cp to apply. They relate to the special case where these specific heat capacities are the constants of proportionality between change in temperature and heat added to the system, but they apply outside this context as well. Cv is the proportionality constant between temperature an internal energy, while Cp is the proportionality constant between temperature and enthalpy. And this is true, regardless of whether volume or pressure is constant in any situation. And since both enthalpy and internal energy are state functions, it doesn't matter what path we take. The difference in these thermodynamic energy values still applies. Cv and Cp do have some dependence on temperature, so it isn't an exact proportionality. But it is close, and these values aren't very temperature sensitive, so you still get meaningful results by assuming they are constant with temperature. In this particular application, U=Cv*T is the way we calculate internal energy at each point of interest. We then take changes in internal energy, and equate them to account for work done by or on the system, associated with each adiabatic process.

@douhanezar4912 4 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much I really appreciate it.

@vasanthkumarcroos8605 3 жыл бұрын

very much appreciate sir

@benjaminamirkhosravi3686 Жыл бұрын

This guy is much better than our mad teacher

@ninobettencorti6701 4 жыл бұрын

Very clear, thanks man

@michaelbrohier4075 6 жыл бұрын

Great video - thanks

@yigitcan824 7 ай бұрын

Professor I have a question here. Is Carnot cycle totally isothermal? I mean there are two isothermal processes, which are isothermal compression and isothermal expansion. Others are adiabatic compression and adiabatic expansion. These adiabatics are also isothermal, at the same time ?

@peterfaloni5058 4 ай бұрын

I have my chemistry exam tomorrow I hope it helps 😩

@tamukamaungwa3392 5 жыл бұрын

Well explained. Thank you very much

@shizulislam9908 2 жыл бұрын

Saved my day

@ratzax1120 Жыл бұрын

thank you very much once again

@bessil7955 16 күн бұрын

my glorious king

@puritymutheu4892 11 ай бұрын

Thank you so so much 😊

@domd1268 3 жыл бұрын

Hello, Can I clarify if in 18:08, should the it be Q=-W? since the Work is(-) from the compression giving you delta U = Q - (-W)? and also in 19:12, isnt the delta U = +W because Work is (-) from the compression giving you delta U = Q - (-W)? Or am i wrong?

@bhoumik911 Жыл бұрын

im a little bit confused about that one too

@frankchothefact6502 2 жыл бұрын

Helpful video

@mohamadhanan5706 4 жыл бұрын

if any expanssion gives a +w ... then how the work will be positive in second step of carnot cycle ?? because the work= - ncv deltaT

@fruit_punch_samurai7217 4 жыл бұрын

∆T is negative beacuse temperature is reduced in the second step hence the work is positive.

@mohamadhanan5706 4 жыл бұрын

shahzan ahmad ohhh! Now it makes sense, thanks a lot.

@NK-iy6if 2 жыл бұрын

God Bless You! Thank You!

@priyanshi9909 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you ☺️

@vihangaravihara5706 Жыл бұрын

Superb ❤️its very valuble for every time for any undergraduates 🥳✨️

@davidjnrananiawusah118 4 жыл бұрын

POWERFUL EXPLANATION BUT PLS CAN U ANSWER FELIPE GARCIA'S QUESTION. i am really interested in it

@serious-power3085 4 жыл бұрын

They are equivalent

@serious-power3085 4 жыл бұрын

divide the numerator by the denominator and it goes from (Th - Tc)/Th to 1 - (Tc/Th)

@puritymutheu4892 11 ай бұрын

U are a blessing

@menglimarrero4296 2 жыл бұрын

Sir at problem 4 What is the exhaust temp? Is it the Tc=266.7? not the Th=666.7?

@daminkim0703 5 жыл бұрын

Why is the work done by the system in question number 2 not minus ?

@Gil_FR 4 жыл бұрын

김다민 it should be minus, since it’s leaving the system

@MrKaje72 6 ай бұрын

What does n represent?

@jithinajith4295 Жыл бұрын

Which textbook is this?

@user-wv7ip3rb3o Жыл бұрын

Please for help in homogeneity

@aheer8687 7 ай бұрын

Awat kat slide kami takdak, nanti time explain memang aku jawab according to youtube

@David-gn5rp 2 ай бұрын

6:38 Wouldn't Qc be -6000 J?

@MrYahya0101 3 жыл бұрын

I don't understand why you're using dU = n*Cv*dT where Cv is used for constant volume but volume is not constant during adiabatic expension/compression?

@carultch Жыл бұрын

I responded to this same question to a user named Andrew Dave on this video.

@ram_pande8039 5 жыл бұрын

Thanks man

@abdulkadiribrahim9640 4 ай бұрын

A mistake if Qh - Qc and Qc= -8000 then it should be 14000 - (-8000) = 14,000 + 8000 =22,000 not 14,000 - 800

@ppgsheinagracemayordobsabe3860 4 жыл бұрын

I think there's something wrong in number 3. 🤔

@HarunOrRashid-pp5ju 5 жыл бұрын

Please sir upload the diesel cycle curve.

@tahmiddaniel9241 2 жыл бұрын

😄 Thank You!

@sallymarie1665 Жыл бұрын

Who else is here few hours to exam. Thank you O.C❤️😩

@Oscar-gx2yf 4 жыл бұрын

I love you man

@sezerkoyun07 Жыл бұрын

Eyvallah hocam

@frankchothefact6502 2 жыл бұрын

If W=/QH/-/QC/ Then W= /14000/- /-8000/ Which is W= 22000j

@anarosedacutanan5997 3 жыл бұрын

Why don't you include the negative sign of - 26 %

@ianfama462 3 жыл бұрын

1:36 how'd you solve the 0.26?

@UnknownUser049 2 жыл бұрын

I am also questioning that

@UnknownUser049 2 жыл бұрын

I get it now

@UnknownUser049 2 жыл бұрын

You need to minus Tc and TH after that Minus the Answer to TC again to get the answer and multiply by 100 to get the percentage

@lasarith2 Жыл бұрын

@@UnknownUser049 just think of 1.00 as 100% .

@post-centrist666 Жыл бұрын

Carnot Engine eh? More like a Cannot Engine am I right! Cuz it Cannot exist ha!……crickets

@happyfrezar2813 5 ай бұрын

🤣🤣🤣WHAT A WORD PLAY

@thepinkdude1854 3 жыл бұрын

isn't delta u = w+q not q-w?

@ZizoZizo-fp6js 3 жыл бұрын

u=q-w in physics u=q+w in chimestry

@carultch Жыл бұрын

Sign convention preferences vary, depending on application and context.

@frogger6478 2 жыл бұрын

What’s delta U

@carultch Жыл бұрын

The change in internal energy. In other words, the change in the sum total of all the modes of internal kinetic energy of gas molecules, in translation, rotation and vibration. Don't ask why it's called U, it just is.

@tinalgh4636 9 ай бұрын

کدوم دانشگاه درس خوندی

@minjinseo3681 6 жыл бұрын

When is engine an ideal one?

@frostbite07 5 жыл бұрын

Carnot engine is an ideal engine, its efficiency is 1. It’s impossible for a real engine to have efficiency equal to 1.

@TavartDukod 3 жыл бұрын

@@frostbite07 Carnot engine doesn't have the efficiency equal to one. Before proceeding remember that "thermodynamic temperature" just means we're using a temperature scale with 0 being the absolute zero like Kelvin or Rankine. Let T_h be the thermodynamic temperature of the heat source, and T_c be the temperature of the heat sink. Then, the thermal efficiency of Carnot engine equals 1 - T_c/T_h. So even the perfect thermal engine cannot have the thermal efficiency of one. Imagine that your engine takes heat from the source at 100°C (373.15 K) and dispenses of it into a sink at 0°C (273.15 K). Than your engine can never be more efficient than (1 - 273.15/373.15) * 100% ≈ 27%.

@johnkelly3886 3 жыл бұрын

Thermodynamics gives you bounds on real engines. Moreover, the explosion of the fuel mixture is not even approximately reversible. How can thermodynamics be of any use in designing real world internal combustion engines?

@carultch Жыл бұрын

It gives you an idea for what efficiency you can expect, in a given engine design. It also gives you guidance for how to fine-tune the geometry of the engine for the greatest efficiency. This way, given a target power rating of the engine, you can determine the stroke, the bore, and the clearance volume, from the theoretical efficiency of the Otto cycle. And when you monitor the pressure and volume at every point along the way in a real engine, it does closely follow the theoretical curve of the Otto cycle.