Chemistry Basics: Osmolarity, Osmolality and Tonicity

Рет қаралды 58,169

Күн бұрын

Osmolarity, Osmolality and Tonicity Video
#chemistry #osmolarity #osmolality
It's so confusing - or is it really? Let's start with the mole and nail down molarity vs. molality. Then, we dive into the world of osmotic pressure and compare osmolarity and osmolality. Finally, we'll go through tonicity and explore hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic solutions - with clinical examples of each.
Penguin Prof is Supported BY AUDIBLE.COM
PenguinProf LOVES Audible and the feeling is mutual! Audible.com is the premier provider of digital audiobooks. Audible has over 150,000 titles to choose from in every genre. Audible titles play on iPhone, Kindle, Android and more than 500 devices for listening anytime, anywhere. Click to learn more and download a FREE audiobook of your choice! www.audibletrial.com/PenguinProf
Overview: 0:80
What is a mole / Avogadro's Number: 0:28
Solvents, solutes and solutions: 1:40
Comparing molarity and molality: 2:18
Intro: comparing osmolarity and osmolality: 3:40
Review of osmosis: 3:43
Osmotic pressure: 4:07
The osmole: 4:25
Comparison of moles to osmoles: glucose, NaCl, K2SO4: 4:33
Comparing osmolarity and osmolality: 5:36
Tonicity: 7:30
Hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic solutions: 7:50
Direction of osmosis, cellular response: 8:15
Clinical applications: 9:04
Thank you for watching: 9:32
Join the Colony!
Subscribe: / thepengui. .
FB Page: / thepenguinprof
Instagram: / penguinprof
Twitter: / penguinprof
LinkedIn: / penguinprof
Web: www.penguinprof.com/
Popular Videos:
Epidemiology Basics: Reproductive Number: • Epidemiology Basics: ...
Online Classes: Tips for Success: www.youtube.com/watch?v=x7KFFj...
College Success Starts Here: • Success Starts Here!
REDOX relief: • WTF is REDOX?
Chemistry Basics Part I: • Basic Chemistry Concep...
Chemistry Basics Part II: • Atomic Bonds - Chemist...
Understanding Chemical Structures: • Making Sense of Chemic...
Blood Types: ABO and Rh: • Blood Types: ABO and ...
Cardiac Pressure / Volume Curves: • Cardiac Pressure and V...
Gear:
Computer: iMac 27" late 2015
Mic: Apogee HypeMic
Software: Keynote and ScreenFlow
Chemistry consultant: FabioChem
All Rights Reserved © 2020, The Penguin Prof

Пікірлер: 98

@BJ-eh4ol 3 жыл бұрын

You have such a relaxing voice that even chemistry seems less scary 😂 thanks for these videos!

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much for that (I'll let my vocal coach know!) I'm glad you found it helpful. 🐧😁

@jposton5235 Жыл бұрын

As a 45 year old mom trying to figure out chemistry to even try to help my student, this did help a lot! Thank you

@Penguinprof Жыл бұрын

I'm so glad I could help. You go mom!!!

@drandrewtan 3 жыл бұрын

This is the best video on this topic. The added bonus is the examples of different solutions with different tonicity. Bravo!

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Glad it helped! Thanks for watching!

@stephanieusrey 3 жыл бұрын

Oh my gosh, thank you. Thank you for your humor, first... good grief most teaching on this is SO DRY and BORING but you have made it, well, kind of fun somehow. And thank you for the memory trick, I'll take it, no matter how small. 😀

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you so very much! I'm glad you found it helpful. All the best to you!

@eliwoodson3980 2 жыл бұрын

Apreciate you so much, smooth as hell, very thorough, and didnt rush anything, or come off as a smart aleck like majority of youtube teachings. Smoothest voice online, thank you for not anoyying me.

@Penguinprof 2 жыл бұрын

Wow - thanks for that feedback!!! Glad you found it helpful.

@Gusbusbus 3 жыл бұрын

During my early college years for Nutrition, the chemistry was the most challenging for me to grasp. I love this glimpse into the past and the breakdown is soo smooth!

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much!!!

@sarahpitcher4615 10 ай бұрын

Instant sub! Love your channel. I struggled with chemistry for years, but your gentle voice and practical application of concepts are a great help. Thank you

@Penguinprof 10 ай бұрын

Awesome, I'm so glad you found it helpful! Thanks for the sub!

@putudewioctavia8082 2 жыл бұрын

cool! such a great help on my understanding

@SohanLal-sw1td Жыл бұрын

Finally understood these confusing terms after 28 yrs of life. Thanks for simplifying these terms.

@hala4745 8 ай бұрын

this video is a life saver, really help , thank you so much

@Penguinprof 8 ай бұрын

Glad it helped!

@krishnavenialagarsamy5616 3 жыл бұрын

I understood the concept of osmolarity and osmolality really well. Thank you :)

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Glad it helped! Thanks for watching!

@kittiyasakote9453 Жыл бұрын

I wish I could met you guy when I were young, simply way to teach . Thank you for a good clip I’d ever watched , love your style on this presentation ;)

@Penguinprof Жыл бұрын

Thanks so much and thanks for watching!

@ezatullaha.3502 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks a lot for making clear this difficult concepts 🙏

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

So glad it was helpful!

@xpscastle 2 жыл бұрын

THANKS

@wypy817 3 жыл бұрын

You dont know much you help me i have come so far but i never really understand osmolarity and osmolality i just go with it and never really answer anything related with this and it always makes me less confidant about my education ! Thank you so much for making me get what it really is oh and your voice is very addicting i really enjoy listening....plz make more videos

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Happy to help! So glad to hear you are gaining confidence!!!

@lyrablack8621 3 жыл бұрын

This was so helpful!!

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

I'm so glad!!!

@ewunetubelete6191 7 ай бұрын

Thank you!

@Penguinprof 5 ай бұрын

You are welcome!

@yanasofovich 3 жыл бұрын

You’re brilliant 👍

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much!!!

@ezatullaha.3502 3 жыл бұрын

I need to write down the second comment otherwise I can't appreciate u enough! U deserve a big ❤️+salute u nailed the topic, u helped me to help others!

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much!!!

@thilipabarna7813 3 жыл бұрын

Wow, 9.44 min r much usefull ad very nice voice ad clear spell pronunciation. Keep rocking.

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much 🙂

@shahidbinhudarifat1278 Жыл бұрын

Huge respect dear! You have made chemistry easier for me❤️ May Allah keep you safe and healthy😊

@Penguinprof 11 ай бұрын

Thank you so much!!!

@Dorfjunge 3 жыл бұрын

I'm confused by the overall concept of this channel but I'm still entertained. :D

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

I focus on biology, chemistry, anatomy, physiology, study skills and lab skills - and I'm glad you found it entertaining!

@shai6198 3 жыл бұрын

omygod i love ur chemistry vids so muchhhhh

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

SO happy to hear it!!!

@macho8555 Жыл бұрын

daaaaim, a lot of information, confusing ones but you made it clear thank youu also your hack of remembering the Molarity paid of

@Penguinprof Жыл бұрын

So happy to hear! Thanks for watching!

@jiensuyang3915 2 жыл бұрын

No one teach chemistry like u do. Please teach more make a series from scratch teaching everything about chemistry from kindergarten to bachelor level . Please

@abdul45154 Жыл бұрын

thank you

@peggymbewe5391 2 жыл бұрын

I love the explanation really helpful

@Penguinprof 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks for watching!

@siragbennaser7813 Жыл бұрын

It is a great session Thanks so much

@Penguinprof 10 ай бұрын

Glad you liked it!

@leena1152 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you gorgeous 💕💕

@100.9Ha Жыл бұрын

Fun to learn😁 thanks Teacher

@Penguinprof Жыл бұрын

Glad you enjoyed it!

@TheRarestJewel 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you Professor 🤓🥳

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

You are very welcome!

@gongallakamalakar7525 3 жыл бұрын

Good explanation, it is helped me alot, thanks

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Glad it helped!

@user-sg6kl4lf2g Жыл бұрын

thanks

@Penguinprof 10 ай бұрын

You're welcome!

@user-do5hg6vr7e 3 жыл бұрын

Good explanation.Nice voice.Thank you mem.

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Most welcome 😊

@saddamhussain7188 2 жыл бұрын

MASHALLAHH

@marknova259 3 жыл бұрын

Awesome video! She sure does love her penguins ahaha

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

I do. It's genetic. 🐧🐧

@venkybly 2 жыл бұрын

@Penguinprof 2 жыл бұрын

YW!

@user-do5hg6vr7e 3 жыл бұрын

Respected & dear mem,please make video on important topics for USMLE step 1 too...!!

@MrGbruges Жыл бұрын

Beautiful voice!!!

@Penguinprof Жыл бұрын

Thank you so much!! I'll let my vocal coach know!

@MrGbruges Жыл бұрын

@@Penguinprof cONGRATS AND THANK YOU BECAUSE I have seen a lot of confsusion between tonicity and osmolarity. Your explanation is clear!!!

@Ghoubara 3 жыл бұрын

You are genius... no really...

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much!!!

@yasmeenyouseff4223 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks a lot ,doctor . I have a question , osmolality of ECF is equal to that of ICF .But , the ions inside the cell differ from the ions outside the cell .I mean that their osmolality is equal as the different ions give us the same number of particles. Is that the cause or not , doctor.

@ninnjaonchair Ай бұрын

why do we switch from solution to "solvent" in molality , thank you miss penguin!:)

@user-vn8ro9iz5x 3 жыл бұрын

Is glucose a non penetrating solute? and is there a different unit for tonicity to distinguish it from osmolarity like how do you know that the solution is isotonic if what is given is the osmolarity of the solution?

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Glucose is non-penetrating (it requires a carrier protein to enter cells). As for your second question, definition #2 below is best. But can you BELIEVE what a mess this topic is? Varying definitions of tonicity in a sample of physiology textbooks: Michael D. Johnson, Human Biology: Concept and Current Issues (8th Edition) (9). “Tonicity refers to the relative concentrations of solutes in two fluids. Extracellular fluid that is isotonic has the same solute concentration as the intracellular fluid. When cells are placed in a hypertonic solution, one with a concentration of solutes higher than the intracellular fluid, water diffuses out of the cells and the cells shrink.” Cindy L. Stanfield, William J. Germann, Principles of Human Physiology (3rd Edition) (17). “Whereas a solution’s osmolarity is based solely on its total solute concentration, its tonicity is determined by how it affects cell volume, which depends not only on the solute concentration but also on the solute permeability of cell membranes. A solution is said to be isotonic when it does not alter cell volume. This refers to the cell’s final volume. Under certain conditions a cell may shrink or swell initially, even if the solution is isotonic.” Richard W. Hill, Gordon A. Wyse, Margaret Anderson, Animal Physiology (7). “If a cell membrane or epithelium is impermeable to a solute and the solute is more concentrated on one side than the other, the solute creates a persistent difference of osmotic pressure across the cell membrane or epithelium.” Arthur C. Guyton, John E. Hall, Medical Physiology (10th Edition) (6). “If a cell is placed into a hypotonic solution that has a lower concentration of impermeant solutes, water will diffuse into the cell, causing it to swell; water will continue to diffuse into the cell, diluting the intracellular fluid while also concentrating the extracellular fluid until both solutions have about the same osmolarity.” Walter F. Boron, Emile Boulpaep, Medical Physiology: A Cellular and Molecular Approach (2nd Edition) (2). “The difference between effects of mannitol and urea on the final cell volume illustrates the need to distinguish between total osmolality and effective osmolality (also known as tonicity).” Kenneth S. Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function (4th Edition) (14). “Tonicity is the ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume and pressure in a cell. If a solute cannot pass through a plasma membrane, but remains more concentrated on one side of the membrane than on the other, it causes osmosis.”

@user-vn8ro9iz5x 3 жыл бұрын

@@Penguinprof Thank you very much!! I appreciate your help this makes sense! And yea haha I get the overall idea of this topic but it’s always the little things that confuse my mind

@GaneshKumar-pm4fl 3 жыл бұрын

Ma'am,what is the difference between Blood urea nitrogen and blood urea?Is there any significant difference or only a mathematical relation?pls clarify.

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

YES they are very different. In the US and a few other countries, plasma or serum urea concentration is expressed as the amount of urea nitrogen, while in most other countries it is expressed simply as urea in mmol/L. Since BUN represents only the nitrogen in the urea molecule (MW 28) while urea itself has a MW of 60, total urea is approx. twice BUN. To convert: BUN mg/dL multiplied by 0.357 = urea (mmol/L) Urea (mmol/L) divided by 0.357 = BUN (mg/dL) Approximate reference (normal) range: Serum/plasma urea 2.5-7.8 mmol/L Serum/plasma BUN 7.0-22 mg/dL It's confusing at first, but I hope that helps!

@GaneshKumar-pm4fl 3 жыл бұрын

@@Penguinprof Thanks ma'am. Got it.So it mainly depends on which is used in which country.Please post this type of videos as much as possible.They are really informative.

@ThatsWhy- 3 жыл бұрын

Smart beautiful lady ! Excellent to you

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you kindly!

@sambhavanshivan5457 2 жыл бұрын

4:36 obviously glucose dissolves in water which make more osmoles than the other two

@TheJoshtheboss Жыл бұрын

Staropramen? A woman of culture 🙂. Great vid btw..

@Penguinprof Жыл бұрын

Haha! I try...

@AZJYouCantAfford 2 жыл бұрын

Mrs Frizzle is still alive don't cha know

@Dorfjunge 3 жыл бұрын

02:48 This nomenclature was designed to sabotage Chinese people when doing chemistry!

@Penguinprof 3 жыл бұрын

As if science wasn't hard enough...

@LECityLECLEC Жыл бұрын

@mashifkalik888 8 ай бұрын

Glucose is C6 H12 O6- why isn't 1 mole of glucose =3 particles.

@Penguinprof 5 ай бұрын

Glucose doesn't dissociate at all.

@hesham-wu9ql 10 күн бұрын

Glucose is made of C, H, O which are non metals. Non metals usually forms covalent bond. Covalent bonds need high energy to break apart. Nacl is ionic compound. Na = alkali metal Cl= non metal They both form ionic bond, a weak bond, which can be broken by just random motion of water molecules( BROwnian motion) in container or any vessel. As they can easily break, they increase the osmolarity of solution

@LECityLECLEC Жыл бұрын