In this video, we are discussing the various components of Diversion headworks which is an important topic from Irrigation Engineering.
DIversion Headwork Components and its functions :
1. Weir: A weir is a barrier or dam built across a river or canal to control the flow of water. It can be adjustable or fixed, and its height, shape, and number are selected based on the amount of water that needs to be diverted, the height of the river or canal, and other factors.
2. Divide wall: A divide wall is a structure installed in the forebay of a diversion headwork to separate the inflow of water between the different channels. This is typically done to lower flow velocities, improve sedimentation, and ensure that water flows evenly to all channels.
3. Fish Ladder: A fish ladder is a structure designed to help fish move past a dam or diversion headwork that would otherwise obstruct their migration. It is a series of low steps or pools that allow the fish to swim upstream, enabling them to reach their spawning grounds or feeding areas.
4. Spillway: A spillway is a structure built into a diversion headwork that helps to regulate water flow and prevent flooding. A spillway channels the excess water back into the river or canal, protecting the diversion headwork from damage caused by overflow.
5. Undersluices: Undersluices are small sluice gates located at the bottom of the diversion headwork. These sluices allow some water to flow below the diversion headwork, thereby facilitating sediment transport and reducing the accumulation of sediment in the upstream section of the canal.
6. Silt excluder: A silt excluder is a horizontal barrier installed across the canal upstream of the diversion headwork. It is designed to exclude most of the sediment from entering the canal and protect the canal infrastructure from damage.
7. Head regulator: A head regulator is a gate or valve installed in the diversion headwork to regulate the flow of water and maintain a constant head, which is the elevation difference between the water level at the head regulator and the canal.
8. Silt extractor: A silt extractor is a structure installed in the forebay of a diversion headwork to remove sediment that has settled on the bottom of the forebay. It is typically a shallow trough or channel equipped with a mechanical or hydraulic system to agitate the sediment and flush it out of the forebay.
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