Compressing a gas in a fire piston

Рет қаралды 96,766

5 жыл бұрын

Produced by the Institute of Physics and the National STEM Learning Centre and Network (www.stem.org.uk/), this video demonstrates how compressing a gas increases its temperature. A small piece of cotton wool is placed into the bottom of a narrow plastic tube. When the air is rapidly compressed by a piston, the air temperature increases and the cotton ignites. The 'fire piston' can be used to illustrate the transfer of energy, kinetic theory and Charles' law.

Пікірлер: 121

@davidhenderson3400 Жыл бұрын

On a sad and sick note that is what happened to the people inside the Titan sub when it imploded. The pressure when from just 14.7 PSI to 6000 psi in a millisecond. Not only were they turned to paste but they were incinerated. Well at least it happened so fast they never knew what killed this. May they rest in peace.

@mwmiddleton Жыл бұрын

I came here to say that, but couldn't have said it better. Science is pretty frightening sometimes. Talk about going out in a blaze of glory.

@StickyKeys187 10 ай бұрын

There's a simulation of this on youtube actually. Scott Manley said this, "They turned from biology to Physics" in a matter of mere milliseconds.

@theirishman8518 9 ай бұрын

It wasn't really sad, even though that kid was only 19, his family was extraordinarily Rich so his 19 years here on Earth probably had luxuries and great Pleasures that even someone in middle class or lower class wouldn't get to experience in a lifetime of 100 years

@HonkousBonkous 5 ай бұрын

@theirishman8518 Wealth does not devalue human life and when people dehumanise others like this and wonder why humans can't get along this is why.

@brunosilveiradesouza6467 Жыл бұрын

Amazing demonstration!

@abhishekagarwal758 Жыл бұрын

Genius sir I also came here while studying the kinetic theory of gases cause it is kinda amazing to look into..❤️really appreciating the job..

@anonymoose00 2 жыл бұрын

If you close your eyes, you can hear Harry Potter

@yourcompassioncorner Жыл бұрын

You're right!

@daus0011 Жыл бұрын

Bruhhvv

@meat-hook 11 ай бұрын

Well... since eyes aren't part of hearing you don't need to close them. Lol.

@anonymoose00 10 ай бұрын

@@meat-hook this guy thinks english is everybody's first language, what a closed world you live in my guy. Typical american

@cvspvr 5 ай бұрын

@@meat-hookyeah, but you can't hear harry potter specifically if your eyes are open

@alexa.davronov1537 2 жыл бұрын

Whoa. Nice video out there. Pretty nice. Thanks for sharing.

@twocyclediesel1280 2 жыл бұрын

I'm amazed to see a fire piston video with NO diesel engine comments devolving into hate and discontent 😆 Rudolph Diesel got the idea for his engine from a fire piston which was common for fire starting at the time.

@someotherdude 2 жыл бұрын

The new 'ducted' fuel injector technology allows extremely clean combustion-without aftertreatment. It was invented in Scandia Labs. Anyway, 'clean diesel' is so clean that tire wear and brake dust is actually more of a problem by far.

@twocyclediesel1280 2 жыл бұрын

@@someotherdude I hadn’t heard about that, very promising! Maybe we can bring back the old Detroits and put DFI in them 😆 thanks for that info!

@zombieregime Жыл бұрын

....But dont diesel engines use the same principal compressing a volume thereby heating it, then injecting the fuel when its ripping hot near TDC(i have no idea what the injection offset would be, but when learned about diesel injection mechanics and technology it blew my damned mind)? Or is their argument that the fire piston idea came after diesel engines? ....Im no historian, but even I know that is very much not the case....

@TheHagen83 4 ай бұрын

Yes, NO Diesel comments BUT in this place a lot of Titan comments 😅

@StormEnnairo 5 жыл бұрын

Thanks for the video ! I'd saw beargrills starting fire with this technique during one of hos episode !

@sachinsingh576 4 жыл бұрын

I also bro.

@JesusSaves86AB Жыл бұрын

"Hey man, got a light?"

@mrmoritasan 8 ай бұрын

Very informative. Thanks

@chessmoon Жыл бұрын

good explanation of titan/s final milliseconds

@Designated408 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much...yo video rlly helpd

@PrinnyDoodMan 3 жыл бұрын

Wow, that's so pog! Thanks for the informative video.

@youngsters315 11 ай бұрын

Thank you sir😊

@NoahSpurrier 3 жыл бұрын

I do not believe that most of the energy comes from the piston. It’s an adiabatic process. You are taking the kinetic energy from a large volume of gas and reducing the volume. The energy remains constant, but since the volume is lower the temperature jumps higher. At least, that’s how I remember it. I may remember wrong.

@ananthaj6831 2 жыл бұрын

Ahaha me too. Like I remember. When volume is low, gas molecules collide more. So energy is produced more (if not elastic collision). And heat is produced

@someotherdude 2 жыл бұрын

'kinetic' is not the right term. It's an adiabatic process, when you talk about compression or expansion.

@SadhuBiochemist Жыл бұрын

No, I think you are right, and I agree with you! The gas already has kinetic energy, although the piston does apply some energy to the system. The faster you push the piston, the more energy is added to the gas. Also, the higher the temperature of the gas, the more kinetic energy it already has.

@NoahSpurrier Жыл бұрын

@@someotherdude I think you may be more correct. Although at the molecular level it’s still kinetic energy. I’m not sure if the distinction is significant or not. It can be confusing.

@projekcja Жыл бұрын

I told myself this story too at some point in my studies, but I believe it is 100% wrong. Temperature is average kinetic energy per degree of freedom (not volume), if energy remained the same there would still be the same energy per molecule and so the temperature would be the same. The entire change in temperature is only due to the work done by compressing.

@davelowets Жыл бұрын

The naturally always vibrating and wiggling particles get trapped together closer and closer as the piston is pushed downward. As the space is decreased as the piston moves down, the vibrating particles start bumping into each other, and moving faster and faster, this creates heat. If the plunger is pushed down fast enough, the heat gets concentrated into the tiny area and get hot enough to ignite the cotton. As said in the video if the plunger is pushed down too slowly, the same heat is still created, but it is allowed to warm up the glass walls of the cylinder, it dissipates, and it won't be as hot and concentrated when the piston gets to the bottom.

@exodeus7959 Жыл бұрын

Like the video. Good job. Only thing I would change is @1:46 I would change “microscopic” to “molecular”. For the same reason why I think it is funny watching news stories about Covid 19 with stock footage of “scientists” looking at viruses with a compound light microscope. It is possible to see viruses with such a device but not really the tool for the job.

@trumpwon2240 Жыл бұрын

I'm curious if there's a minimum amount of space required to generate enough energy to cause ignition

@tumenbaatarkhuu826 4 ай бұрын

WOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOW. Thank you

@andiarrohnds5163 2 жыл бұрын

its better than rubbing two sticks together. and it looks fun

@wally7856 Жыл бұрын

This is what happened to the crew on the Titan sub except instead of 15:1 compression ratio it was more like 300:1.

@eldiablo2044 5 ай бұрын

Its as close to the gods snapping their fingers and ending your life as it gets. Like Thanos

@chaof9501 Жыл бұрын

2023 June: This is what happened to the Titian sub crew at the depth of 4000m when the implosion occurred. Human fats is equivalent to the cotton fire in this demonstration.

@haveatyou1 Жыл бұрын

Excuse me mr you tube know it all but if it was a crack with the hull not caving in and water rushing in? No is talking about this?

@gumwap1 Жыл бұрын

This is essentially what happened to the Ocean Gate Titan submarine. Anything (anyone) organic in the sub was turned to ash and compressed CO2 in a fraction of a second. RIP

@Balnazzardi Жыл бұрын

Atleast thats painless way to go. No time to realize what has happened or even feel the pain

@StickyKeys187 10 ай бұрын

And the only force behind this is the miles of ocean water in and around the sub. Crazy just how enormous the energy and weight there is in the oceans. And that is why they say Space is more explored than our own oceans.

@Karen_4v7u 23 күн бұрын

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@h7opolo 2 жыл бұрын

i wonder if you could toast small pieces of bread this way.

@antiquarian1773 2 жыл бұрын

what happens if you push the piston down and hold it there without release back up? Will it lead to an explosion of the piston?

@sukhviryadav2343 2 жыл бұрын

nothing happens the molecules escape

@davelowets Жыл бұрын

@@sukhviryadav2343 The molecules don't escape... The heat dissipates out of the cylinder walls through convection.

@sukhviryadav2343 Жыл бұрын

@@davelowets NICEE

@davelowets Жыл бұрын

@@sukhviryadav2343 🍻

@Karen_4v7u 23 күн бұрын

Don't miss the exclusive interview with Binance's CEO for a glimpse into the future

@CharsKick Жыл бұрын

got it

@taitai907 Жыл бұрын

Maybe the Titan passengers turned into diamonds.

@TeodorD 3 жыл бұрын

The ignition temperature of cotton is about 400 degrees C:P

@zingodingo2816 3 жыл бұрын

Similar to char cloth, and this process will ignite both.

@lennox5150 2 жыл бұрын

@@zingodingo2816 does it only work at igniting at the lower temperatures?

@laxmijoshi7226 2 жыл бұрын

Ur students must be lucky

@omarabdelrahman3739 Жыл бұрын

I kept it at PV= NRT , so as P and V changed, so did T.

@gbone7581 Жыл бұрын

P went up V went down , nR is a constant so how did the T change?🤔

@omarabdelrahman3739 Жыл бұрын

@@gbone7581 Like in a compression ignition engine (diesel)

@DoThingsYk 9 ай бұрын

I came here to find out how diesel engines work. Unlike a regular car they do not use spark plugs. They just compress and ignite the fuel air mixture. This explains how

@fareastzfz4799 10 ай бұрын

Gobek api aka fire piston..malay ancient technology

@chasedavis2358 10 ай бұрын

Soak the cotton with a bit of diesel

@mr.n5435 2 жыл бұрын

Is there metal to metal contact? I can hear the piston hitting the bottom.

@lucasbarton7246 11 ай бұрын

And that folks is how a diesel engine works...

@tommythamrin443 2 жыл бұрын

the origin of diesel engine

@jerryorange6983 Жыл бұрын

Can someone calculate how much heat was created during one movement of the piston?

@VeritasEtAequitas Жыл бұрын

Created? Zero, and only a tiny amount of energy from friction converted to heat. It's the heat of the original volume, compressed into a tiny space. Calculate the temperature in kelvin and you'll see. Celsius and Fahrenheit are useless for that.

@projekcja Жыл бұрын

Rough eyeball estimate: 15 Joules

@davelowets Жыл бұрын

@@projekcja Nah...

@mattdaddy_888 5 ай бұрын

Its how diesel engines work by compression ignition.

@azazelsamael6957 2 жыл бұрын

Inovation from south-east asia.. wikipedia/fire piston

@cdcsib1968 11 ай бұрын

GOBEK in Indonesia,anchien fire starter

@milos5247 Ай бұрын

Basically a diesel engine.

@lonewolfcoding5208 Жыл бұрын

this is how diesel engine works

@stephenpadley6684 3 ай бұрын

This is how a car piston works, so could we run a car on just air compression.

@Clarence_13x 7 ай бұрын

I’ve had trapped air before…

@Daniel-t4Daniel_2x 22 күн бұрын

The cash refund journey: process and procedure

@Soneoak Жыл бұрын

How diesel engines work

@ranetorrent8988 4 жыл бұрын

Just to let you know, this video is being used by climate "skeptics" to suggest that atmospheric pressure is responsible for earth's surface temperature rather than the greenhouse effect. I wonder if you might comment on this for people's edification. Thx!

@mfuchs2004 4 жыл бұрын

I can comment on that. It's not the weight on air that creates the heat. It's the CHANGE in energy state that does it. When you rapidly compress the air in the piston, you are adding energy. That energy has to go somewhere to keep overall energy the same (1st Law of Thermodynamics). In the piston, the energy transitions to heat. For this to be the cause of global warming, there would have to be a highly significant addition to the energy state. Without an explanation of the source of additional energy, the theory is suspect. FWIW, imo it's impossible to be true. One need look no further than the barometer to see the proof.

@livefully7568 4 жыл бұрын

what's the fact that sun throws more energy at earth's surface in one minute than all our energy consumed? ao if sun output increases, even imperceptibly, that transfer to earths atmosphere..

@ranetorrent8988 4 жыл бұрын

@@livefully7568 And we measure that energy with fairly high precision. About 1366 watts per square meter is coming from the sun, but that has a variance of a couple of watts over the course of the normal 11 year solar cycle. So, solar variability (hence the change in forcing) is only about 0.14%. The change in solar forcing over the past century has been around 0.5W/m^2 at the surface, whereas the change for doubling CO2 is about 3.7W/m^2. So, yes, the change in solar irradiance does have an effect, but it's very small relative to other known forcings on the climate system.

@livefully7568 4 жыл бұрын

@@ranetorrent8988 You don't know what you cannot measure. Big ass sun and you think a themometer up its butt will tell you the whole story? Dweeb on

@livefully7568 4 жыл бұрын

@@ranetorrent8988 KNOWN! We don't even understand tge underpinnings of something as pervasive as gravity, yet Mr. Know-it-all RANE Torrent here understand EVERY possible mechanism of the sun. HA you don't even KNOW what lies 12 miles below your own feet, but you understand tge sun and its interactions with our planet? Miss me with the shit you slining and humble yourself. Don't be the dunce you sound like.

@a46475 7 ай бұрын

The explanation is FALSE. Compression should NOT increase temperature, only pressure. A simple lab experiment would bare this out. You ARE doing work, but you are not directly raising the temperature of the gas, the combustion certainly raises the temperature of the gas, but the applied pressure does not. I seem to remember the explanation of fire as a chemical reaction involving oxygen called oxidation. The increased pressure causes the collisions which causes the reaction (rearrangement of the molecules) which releases the heat to create lower energy molecules. kzfaq.info/get/bejne/m9WTrM9qycCbh2Q.html . This is the same false explanation used to explain diesel engines on wikipedia and other places but it clearly violates the laws of physics. Institute of Physics? Edit: the linked video claims that the heat we feel from fire is due to the kinetic energy of speeding molecules/particles hitting our skin, which is obviously false. Think of a lantern.