IR Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry: Crash Course Organic Chemistry #5

Рет қаралды 377,613

4 жыл бұрын

It’s time for molecular analysis! On this episode of Crash Course Organic Chemistry, we’re learning about mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy through the lens of a forensic investigation. Put on your lab coats, and let’s solve this mystery!
Episode Sources:
Silverstein, R. M., Webster, F. X., Kiemle, D. J., & Bryce, D. L (2007). Spectrometric identification of organic compounds, 8th ed., Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Spectra for pseudoephedrine: BioRad/Sadtler Data Collection, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA (US), Spectra ID: BR125952
Spectra for methamphetamine: Kunalan, V., Daeid, N. N, Kerr, W. J., Buchanan, H. A. S., McPherson, A. R., “Characterization of Route Specific Impurities Found in Methamphetamine Synthesized by the Leuckart and Reductive Amination Methods,” Anal Chem, 2009, 81, 7342-7348.
Other spectra reproduced with permission from: SDBSWeb : sdbs.db.aist.go.jp/ (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 6/9/2020.
Series Sources:
Brown, W. H., Iverson, B. L., Ansyln, E. V., Foote, C., Organic Chemistry; 8th ed.; Cengage Learning, Boston, 2018.
Bruice, P. Y., Organic Chemistry, 7th ed.; Pearson Education, Inc., United States, 2014.
Clayden, J., Greeves, N., Warren., S., Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed.; Oxford University Press, New York, 2012.
Jones Jr., M.; Fleming, S. A., Organic Chemistry, 5th ed.; W. W. Norton & Company, New York, 2014.
Klein., D., Organic Chemistry; 1st ed.; John Wiley & Sons, United States, 2012.
Louden M., Organic Chemistry; 5th ed.; Roberts and Company Publishers, Colorado, 2009.
McMurry, J., Organic Chemistry, 9th ed.; Cengage Learning, Boston, 2016.
Smith, J. G., Organic chemistry; 6th ed.; McGraw-Hill Education, New York, 2020.
Wade., L. G., Organic Chemistry; 8th ed.; Pearson Education, Inc., United States, 2013.
***
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Пікірлер: 148

@joymae 4 жыл бұрын

I’m digging the purple accents in your backdrop and how it matches your sweater

@user-xx7pg3vw9k 4 жыл бұрын

Joy Mae that was no accident...

@MrShipp100 4 жыл бұрын

My PhD is in advanced IR spectroscopy using femtosecond lasers, and this is a really nice concise explanation of the basics!

@definty 4 жыл бұрын

Isn't that just a laser that turns on and off very fast? Or is it something different?

@alarcon99 4 жыл бұрын

@Shippers I stan

@extremdeath1234 4 жыл бұрын

@@definty spectroscopy on the femtosecond time scale is a bit more than "very fast". It is ludicrously fast... you can actually monitor reaction on that time scale. for perspective, it takes about 300fs for molecular iodine to vibrate once...

@user-ik6wc1rn4j 4 жыл бұрын

WAIt , u are saying this is the BASIC?

@grad3us 4 жыл бұрын

Please, I want CrashCourse Neurology! It would be really cool to understand the brain, just as it was cool to understand computer science.

@animeandstuff5377 4 жыл бұрын

My condolences to those who didn’t get to watch this series while in organic chemistry 😔

@Laaaa 4 жыл бұрын

Anime and Stuff this series is about 12 years too late for me 😩

@dogzrzosmz 4 жыл бұрын

I feel this deeply

@saumyamathur4862 4 жыл бұрын

I took it this same time last year, & while I’m happy that today’s ochem students have this at their fingertips, I’m also very jealous that I didn’t 😩😂

@kevinconrad6156 4 жыл бұрын

Condolences accepted. My lecture teacher was good when he stayed on topic which he did not do often. The lab teacher was great and often gave short lectures on what the lecture teacher missed.

@birzhanabdikhan8175 4 жыл бұрын

Totally agree brother

@glennng7612 4 жыл бұрын

As a chem major, I really love how concise the explanations are. Great job crash course!

@xxstargirlxx 4 жыл бұрын

I saw Abby(from NCIS) So cute

@anne12876 4 жыл бұрын

Side note, during my first internship as chemistry student, I worked as a lab technician at the anti-doping centre for sports. I spent a summer analysing urine samples by IR spectrometry and sometimes by MS to check for illicite drugs. I was fun to see what happens in the lab during big big sports events and the science behind it.

@ariame2722 4 жыл бұрын

The molecules dancing made my day 😭

@MysteryMan1910 4 жыл бұрын

Just finished my PhD in structural mass spec. This is a pretty good intro! Although, at least in my field, no one really uses the magnetic sector MS instruments shown here anymore - we more often uses ToF, ion trap or orbitrap mass spectrometers.

@TheTravelerww 4 жыл бұрын

the T.V scientist in the graphic; is that meant to be Abby Sciuto from NCIS, great reference.

@EverythingScience 4 жыл бұрын

I gotta say these videos seem much more advanced than the normal topics you guys cover

@TheTwick 4 жыл бұрын

I’ve always enjoyed that scene in a movie when a grizzled old detective runs his fingers through a black substance at a scene and says to the young detective “Send this back to the lab and have it analyzed.”!

@mawatake 4 жыл бұрын

I'm a Japanese, but I understand this content because of English subtitle ! I want to watch this series about 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR

@RedwoodGeorge 4 жыл бұрын

A long time ago I worked for a company that made Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometers. All new employees went through the two week customer training course to learn how the machines worked. In our class one of the customers was an evidence tech from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police - I was sitting next to an actual Mountie! Cool! One of the attachments for the spectrometer was a microscope - the Mountie had brought along a sample paint chip with three layers of different color paint. We focused the microscope on each layer and ran the results through the database to identify the brand, color and year of each layer! For even deeper analysis, we worked with a GC / Mass Spec to split up the sample by boiling point and molecular weight. The boiled off results were deposited on a cold plate in a labyrinth pattern and then the spectrometer sampled along the path to further analyze the components. Those were fun days working with some pretty cool machinery :-)

@zagisch4789 4 жыл бұрын

I’m writing a home exam about the use of analytical chemistry in archaeology atm, so the timing of this is perfect 😍

@BenTajer89 4 жыл бұрын

As somebody who's already been through highschool and undergrad O-Chem, I really wish your explanation of the mass spec had gone just a TINY bit more in depth, you describe all the parts and how the ion goes through, but none of how the magnet actually separates the masses as they go around the curve. This concept is actually super intuitive.

@christianandrews7764 4 жыл бұрын

Was not expecting this but I’m liking the progression of this series! Looking forward to episode 6

@emilyensing2184 4 жыл бұрын

I love the major mass spec and abby reference in cartoon form!

@CrossingDS 4 жыл бұрын

As I biochemist, I found it very complete but also clear. Also, loved the effort put into the actual video!

@radunicoara8057 4 жыл бұрын

I have finally learned what mass spectroscopy is. As a physics major, I never really understood it. Incredibly good course!

@user-pr1st5rh9r Жыл бұрын

I just love this channel .. their way of teaching along with case studies, various examples is just so awesome & practical.❤️👍🏻Keep it up guys !

@sheepyboi4219 4 жыл бұрын

Omg omg thankk youuuu. I have my Chemistry exam next week and this is something that is the hardest for me in unit one thanks so much!!

@timr8431 4 жыл бұрын

I have a chem degree and this even helped me understand it a little better. Great video

@knate44 4 жыл бұрын

Omg. Can't wait for the inevitable Crash Course Analytical chemistry!

@farhanmendel 4 жыл бұрын

Crash Course about different analytical chemistry techniques and methods would be cool!

@foodaddict17 4 жыл бұрын

Love love love this! :D Explained so clearly

@TriplaHHH 4 жыл бұрын

Awesome :D Analytics gets often disregarded in chemistry-pop due to its complex backdrop. So thanks for the effort to lay this out somehow! Disregarding the instrumentation and datahandling though, the basic concepts of sample prep, separation and measurement in analysis are quite straightforward. Sounds like we are heading towards chromatography ;)

@bakryabdelmonem2066 4 жыл бұрын

Amazing you making me love chemistry even more

@kai_taylor6550 4 жыл бұрын

Love this i really needed to know this and its a great example thanks Crash Course Crew!!

@michelleelizabeth9956 Жыл бұрын

Wonderful videos and beautiful explanations , best of all. Thank you for sharing.

@sofbsilva 4 жыл бұрын

You're about 5 days late. I had an exam about this on friday...

@bidishadey3815 4 жыл бұрын

🤣🤣🤣

@enobnala90 4 жыл бұрын

This is the only part of Organic Chemistry that I able to absorb!

@Darfanatior 4 жыл бұрын

Crash Course is the coolest!

@johnstevens1020 4 жыл бұрын

YAYYY Another video from crash course!!!!!

@thebloxxer22 4 жыл бұрын

You referenced Abby from NCIS in the beginning.

@VintageBlacklist 4 жыл бұрын

Abby is the best.

@kevinfleming9918 4 жыл бұрын

Great explanation!

@UgoTemple 4 жыл бұрын

Organic Chemistry is one of my favorite

@Karajorma 4 жыл бұрын

@vitali Mizrachi You're telling him what is his favourite?

@Ogiwon 4 жыл бұрын

looks great! :)

@Veronica-wz8ow 4 жыл бұрын

I love you guys

@grahamrankin4725 4 жыл бұрын

Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine will have almost identical MS and IR because they are diastereoisomers. Both can be used to make meth.

@PavanKumar-xv1hg 4 жыл бұрын

thank you ?

@LucyRockprincess Жыл бұрын

excellent video

@RJ-nr8lh 4 жыл бұрын

PLEASE BRING BACK CRASH COURSE LITERATURE. PLEASE WE LOVED THAT.

@saurra3953 4 жыл бұрын

Yay I was just reading this from Clayden!

@geovannamartins2243 4 жыл бұрын

Great video! Greetings from Brazil!

@enitmarin6805 4 жыл бұрын

Genial job.

@honeybeewarrior5731 4 жыл бұрын

Incredible science

@xpalin1980 4 жыл бұрын

ABBY! I love abby from NISC she’s so cute :3

@omsingharjit 4 жыл бұрын

Awesome Brilliant great

@pamelaevangelista434 7 ай бұрын

Im an ib chem student and lemme tell you. Youre doing gods work, youre a miracle sent down from heaven, A NATIONAL TREASON!!! So thank you🥹, i might actually pass this class💀😵

@atomicxfox 4 жыл бұрын

please make an in-depth video on IR and proton NMR graph interpretation!

@dangriff12 4 жыл бұрын

If you have any specific questions just message me.

@sceptre1067 4 жыл бұрын

the ongoing use of purple triggers my youth watching Burke’s Connections in a good way. i feel old. 🤪

@papachoudhary5482 4 жыл бұрын

Thanks

@itstotallyezra 4 жыл бұрын

We use spectrometry in archaeology !!!!!!!

@nicholasticali4623 4 жыл бұрын

This stuff is really awesome and was really fun, but it also brings back really really bad memories 😂

@zarahasan331 4 жыл бұрын

lol I have a lab final for this tomorrow... wish me luck.

@michaelmayhem350 4 жыл бұрын

You should make an hours log video of you just reading from textsbooks for us to listen to (no video necessary but it's never a bad thing)

@Greenmachine305 4 жыл бұрын

It was a meth lab explosion. Got it.

@sofia.eris.bauhaus 4 жыл бұрын

no it was a pseudoephedrine lab smh

@danieljohnson3024 4 жыл бұрын

Someone had sinus congestion and couldn't smell the gas from when the pilot light went out.

@maksimghyvoronsky5641 4 жыл бұрын

sofia eris bauhaus You know pseudoephedrine is like one of the main ingredients in meth right? And since it was a LAB then yeah... what Bryan C. said

@KillerTacos54 4 жыл бұрын

Our SAC is next week haha. Thank you for going over all this stuff. I think what would've been really helpful would be going through the different reaction pathways as well as H-NMR and C-NMR (because that's in our SAC). Thankfully, IR Spectroscopy is in it and mass spec was going to be in it, but it got taken out as well as chirality and geometric isomers. This stuff was taken out of our study design (syllabus) because of COVID-19 and everything. Btw if anyone else does VCE in Victoria, Australia: hi :). After that, we're moving onto chromatography like HPLC, paper chromatography and stuff

@dangriff12 4 жыл бұрын

I need one on 2D NMR. It just looks like chicken pox and I have no idea what I am looking at. Any C13 NMR or DEPT 135 is fine though just message me any specifics.

@finexjoshy9651 4 жыл бұрын

The new app does not load and when the first screen had loaded it showed that there was some error. Then I tried again and it still did not load even after 20 minutes

@kacibjordan 4 жыл бұрын

That’s Abby from NCIS!!

@amjadilham4174 4 жыл бұрын

now i realize purple is actuallly dope

@pyritium 5 ай бұрын

What does DFTBA in the dialogue bubble over Deboki in the intro animation stand for?

@dutchik5107 4 жыл бұрын

I had an exam on this last week. I barely passed. Could've used it earlier 😓

@zarinawillows2347 4 жыл бұрын

13:16 VERY SMALL Mystery ?!?!!? You call that small....

@ZalyQQ 4 жыл бұрын

I hope you teach HPLC before I need to use it 6 weeks :/

@dangriff12 4 жыл бұрын

30 minutes is a long time to get a spectra! Even after running a blank to clean out the mass spec ours takes 3.5 minutes per run. So 7 minutes for the first spectra and 3.5 minutes for each subsequent spectra. It's not like the machine was super expensive either I think $4K.

@andeexists8716 4 жыл бұрын

I wish I had these videos during A Level Chemistry lmaoooo

@Ft888x 4 жыл бұрын

Same!

@techgirl4977 4 жыл бұрын

am i the only one who thinks crash course should be subscribed to by everyone in the world

@henryelicker2403 4 жыл бұрын

I'm getting mixed signals from this video.

@Synthetica9 4 жыл бұрын

Is that tucos compound from bb?

@samiebelal8700 4 жыл бұрын

Dude I just finished ochem dangit

@antonyandrewson5803 4 жыл бұрын

where was this when I was failing my a levels :'(

@jeffreypomeroy6173 4 жыл бұрын

So how do you tell the difference between chiral molecules?

@TriplaHHH 4 жыл бұрын

Other techniques, like chiral column chromatography (i.e. pre-separation of chiral components, then detection with mass spec), or Raman spectroscopy (infrared-zone laser excitation. Raman optical activity experimentation is quite new, so I might make a mistake here). According to Wikipedia, there's also a possibility to apply kinetic resolution (i.e. react the isolated rasemic (both chiralities) mixture with a catalyst differentiated by the reaction rate.

@kasualstudio7141 4 жыл бұрын

Those 16 dislikes are Hollywood producers

@Felixkeeg 4 жыл бұрын

NMR best spectroscopy

@katiefinch9414 4 жыл бұрын

Boy I hope Starburns made it out ok

@jv4779 4 жыл бұрын

How do these processes deal with impure samples?

@ImmieHands 4 жыл бұрын

I'm currently working on my PhD in mass spec so probably alright to answer this. There are a couple of things we do to deal with impurities, firstly couple MS with some form of chromatography like GC or LC which separates out different compounds in a mixture based on their relative affinity for either the stationary or mobile phase, meaning different compounds enter the mass spec at different times. Along with that, if whatever you're studying is in a particularly dirty matrix, for instance I work with wastewater samples, you can perform various extraction techniques to remove the chemicals of interest from the sample matrix, leaving behind the impurities. Hope this helps!

@DennisKanji254 4 жыл бұрын

Spot on!!!

@Adenybaloi 4 жыл бұрын

Yo, it's Abby

@hogo21 4 жыл бұрын

Ngl, I watched this just cause I saw Abby. Video is great though!!!

@taefasiri6999 4 жыл бұрын

please we need to translation to Arbec 🙂💔

@mist2666 4 жыл бұрын

on tiktok his name is hankgreen1

@ArsalanKhan-ki3rx 4 жыл бұрын

Where is didi sabrina cruz

@memlafeder 4 жыл бұрын

Why nobody tasted the white powder? It is easier and instant result. (go hollywood science!)

@websurfer5772 Жыл бұрын

Has any scientist ever even seen a proton or neutron? If not, how do they even know what element they're working with? Also, how do they know they're not just detecting and measuring the electrons they bombarded the substance with instead of the "ions" from the sample?

@emilybentley7502 Жыл бұрын

I'm not sure how to answer your first question, but as for the second one: electrons are negatively charged, whereas the ions produced in a mass spec are positively charged. They will move in different directions in response to the magnet - only the positive ions will end up on the detector. There might be other reasons too but I know that one!

@joshr.5199 4 жыл бұрын

Where was this in September !? Jkjkjk i did fine

@RamdomView 4 жыл бұрын

Annoyed that I forgot the meaning of the wave numbers.

@gibranhenriquedesouza2843 4 жыл бұрын

If I had known it would be so hard to find a job in physics, I would have done chemistry ...

@kevinconrad6156 4 жыл бұрын

Something makes me think that Dr. Chakravarti likes purple.

@lokilaufeyson935 4 жыл бұрын

I tried to be 1st and I failed. It think I’m about 3rd though 😊

@mohamedgamaleldeen4315 4 жыл бұрын

How do I review the approach of data structures and algorithms before I study software engineering course Thanks

@Inadharion 4 жыл бұрын

I spent the first minute coming to terms with your name. The rest of the video was obviously way above my head.

@grad3us 4 жыл бұрын

Please, I want CrashCourse Neurology! It would be really cool to understand the brain, just as it was cool to understand computer science.

@danteller8282 4 жыл бұрын

I'm not entirely sure if I agree with the way you pronounce "cation", but that's a pretty common area of contention. If we lived anywhere near each other, I would totally use that as a premise to ask you out.