Our today's topic is development of the diaphragm where we have tried to explain the embryology in details & made it easy. In this tutorial we have described the origin, sources & process of development.
We must have a clear idea about the gross anatomy of diaphragm if we want to understand the embryology. The diaphragm has a central tendon, on both sides it has muscular portions or the dome of diaphragm & on the back it has 2 crus or the crura.
Embryo has 3 germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm & endoderm. This video shows you diaphram comes from the intermediate layer- mesoderm.
It has 4 developmental sources. They are: septum transversum, pleuroperitoneal fold or pleuroperitoneal membrane, dorsal mesentery of esophagus or esophageal mesentery & the muscular ingrowth of the body wall. We will see how these structures are coming from the mesoderm & forms the diaphragm.
Watch the whole video & you will also see, why the diaphragm is supplied by the phrenic nerve & lower intercostal nerves. As a bonus we will see why skeletal muscles are multinucleated. :)
For everyone's easier access:
00.46: origin of diaphragm
01.06: germ disc- ectoderm, mesoderm & endoderm
02.08: developmental sources of diaphragm
02.40: septum transversum
04.52: descent of septum transversum
06.54: pericardioperitoneal canal, pleuroperitoneal fold or pleuroperitoneal membrane
08.10: dorsal mesentery of esophagus or esophageal mesentery
08.44: somatic or parietal layer of lateral plate mesoderm & splanchnic or visceral layer of lateral plate mesoderm, body cavity, body wall, peritoneum
11.35: pleuroperitoneal fold or pleuroperitoneal membrane
11.57: source of muscle cells of diaphragm, somite
12.26: development of muscular portion of diaphragm
15.06: why diaphragm is supplied by phrenic nerve
15.45: development of crus & median portion of diaphragm
16.04: muscular ingrowth of body wall
16.08: pleuroperitoneal membrane & muscular ingrowth of body wall in early fetal life vs. late fetal period
19.09: why diaphram is also supplied by intercostal nerves
19.42: timeline of development of diaphragm
20.41: what structures give rise to which structures, summery
Picture & content source:
Langman's Medical Embryology, 13th edition
Junqueira's Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, 13th edition
epomedicine.com/medical-stude...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
To know details about the developmental defects of diaphram you can watch this video: • Congenital diaphragmat...
#developmentofdiaphram #diaphramembryology #embryology #diaprhagm