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Andy: Asks the Internet what part of human anatomy should be the standard unit of length. Me: I too like to live dangerously.

I love these vids but it would be really cool if the team could post their research sources in the description. I would love to read more on the ancient techs without having to comb through waves of inaccurate information edit: Sorry this isn't meant as an attack on the team, I really do love what they are doing here! It's just the reality of the internet that misinformed or outdated information is floating around and, in some cases, made more readily available to the average google searcher. By providing links to the the research they are using to base their video content on they would be enabling this community or other enthusiastic viewers to delve further into these topics on a more informed and academic basis. In my opinion, I think it is important to know where the information we collect is coming from and how credible it is. 2020 should be the year of critical thinking on the internet

"Stories from my ancestors reveal the Egyptians mostly used plumb bobs made of rocks and strings - which they (my ancestors) enjoyed immensely." - A. Cat

their tools probably were also of a much higher quality but its quite amazing what you achieved with practically 0 tools.

Plot twist: Andy is actually an immortal that has been alive sice the Stone age

7:36 the Egyptians definitely knew about a whole series of sides guaranteed to make a right triangle, starting at 3:4:5, and used them in their architecture. It is fairly strongly implied they knew the complete Pythagorean theorem, which was known far before the Pythagoreans in Ancient Greece at the very latest.

You know, I avoided your videos when they were first recommended to me because I assumed they would be gimmicky hacks. Not so. Really been loving your series for the last months. Kinda nervous you're gonna hit on a particular project I've been working on for the last year before I'm able to finish it up.

Got to say loving this series so far though one suggestion I have is it might be worth each episode having either you or Annalise take something you have already "invented" and use the skills and knowledge you have gotten so far to build a more refined version of it still using the old tech. I feel this will help a lot especially as you get to building things like squares (Hint the reason they were so good is they built a bad one first and then used that to build a better one and so on until they got pretty good). Plus I feel this will allow both you and Annalise to share the episode without it feeling too much like one person is doing all the work. Not to mention the more refined tools are going to save a lot of time in the future which means faster episodes and less time rebuilding/repairing tools.

In this episode: Andy does everything to stem the tide of “Annalise does everything” comments

I worked on the construction of the UK's 2 new aircraft carriers and find it interesting that I saw tradesmen still using the chalk and string method of getting a straight line, even on these thoroughly modern machines. Not for everything but I saw it a few times

I just watched the Amish build a few things, generally eyeballing whatever they cut and touched, as well as using a chalk line. It's incredible what can be done with human ingenuity and copious amounts of experience.

Your length units should be called "DOE"s, Distance of Everything.

Cats like string, and were liked in Egypt, so i think yours is quite excited!

Have watched every video since the reset. This channel never fails to peak my intrest.

I was really excited by the chalk line. It's fairly specialized tool that I have trouble imagining being absent on a modern construction site. It really seemed like a huge leap forward.

You might cut down some trees now, so that when you're making more wooden tools in a year you have a supply of wood that isn't still green.

9:48 Me: Mortise Andy (An Intellectual): Mor'ticé

Imagine when this guy has to make a mobile phone from scratch *INCREDIBLE*

He made a Plumbob? Huh, always wondered how you made those. Everyone has one

I feel like a pottery wheel and lathe are gonna be needed.

It may not be as accurate as modern tools for those pretty damn impressive

You skipped the most important tool! The Egyptians used what are called surface plates nowadays. They made them by grinding three big stones together to make flat surfaces. You grind A against B, then you grind C against A and B until they are as flat as possible.

Unit of measurement should be a cats tail length 😅

Didn't wash the clay mold in a river, immersion ruined. Jk, love you Andy and the team, best wishes

When he reaches the Greek age he's gonna feel like he's back in high school

Just one thought about the saw: Are you sure it has to be cast in it's final state? Maybe just cast a green body and then 'forge' the details like the saws theeths. I'm under the impression that a small bit of more detail in your tools would get the projects a long way afterwards. As your 'civilisatoric progression' relies on tools being more and more 'professionalised' and thus capable.

This is my favourite video so far! As a builder, seeing the original versions of the tools I use every day was so interesting! Been an avid fan of this format since the reset, and so excited for the future of this channel!

5:32 - "We haven't invented the screw yet" 3:17 - Using a wooden box with screws

Oboo: A measurement equal to the average height of an olive tree Oboa: 1/30th the size of an Oboo

Your measurements method should be based on the dimensions of earth. I suggest you take the distance from the north pole to the equator and sepperate by 10000 to get one unit. If you want larger sizes you can put a adverb in front of the unit every time it gets 10 times larger. Also I suggest you use a size of 0,1 units by 0,1 units to use as a measurement for liquid. For weight you should make one unit of water and have that be the weight of one unit of weight. For temperature the freezing point of water should be 0 and the boiling point of water should be 100. You can make up any name you want for these units but I suggest u use this method. It makes a lot of sense because everyone's earth has the same size. But foots or ears can have different sizes

Throughout the video, you may have noticed that his Egyptian God is keeping a close eye on this work. Even after 6k years, they gotta make sure we humans don’t mess up 🐱

Seeing the A-shaped angle measuring setup reminded me of what we had at our farm. When carpenters were needed, they had some tools of their own. But what we had was just one folding "carpenter's scale". As needed, we would make that A-shaped frame so that the points were desired length apart. Normally the distance was a fixed 2 meters apart. Then we could handily swing the frame repeatedly 180 degrees around and measure reasonably longer distances along a road or the size of some lot. When a temporary plumb was needed, a small stone sufficed for the weight. And of course, for brick laying a string pulled straight was a horizontal reference. For longer distance horizontal settings the hired craftsmen came with a rubber hose with both ends equipped with maybe 20 cm long glass tubes. The whole thing was nearly filled with water and both ends were raised or lowered until the water level matched a reference height and then the other end established a new remote reference height. For storage between uses, both ends were plugged with natural cork or maybe rubber stoppers.

Love your videos. It's great to see your manufacturing skills improving. Historically using abrasive was a big thing as cutting tools weren't that accurate. Maybe you could look at different stones, sand and other abrasives solution to improve the accuracy of your builts.

Use Dobby as a standard of measurement.

Dude!!! Love this channel! Keep'em coming man! We need more content like this on KZfaq and all media platforms! The simplistic irony is overwhelmingly appreciated my friend! Keep fighting the good fight brother! One love!!!

I'm always so excited to see when you guys post a new video!! I love this series, and love the new way you've been taking it! I've been here since the very first sandwiches made entirely from scratch :)

“Let’s see if we can experience true level” Rick Sanchez enters chat

Real life Dr.stone in action 😍

Crazy. Construction workers still use the chalk and string method today. I remember my dad using it on job sites.

I have a LOT of respect for you for undertaking precision measuring. A huge component of technological progress has been using one set of precision instruments to make a more precise set- that how screws and such were possible! As far as measuring units, how about using the length or width (whichever is most uniform) of eight kernels of some type of grain? Your base unit of measure ("korn") is all of them together, and you can rearrange the individual units along your 1-korn stick to average out the length of your subsections. This gives you 8 "thmanykorns", 4 "arbekorns", and 2 "athnakorns". You can of course add korns together into "bikorns", "quadrakorns", "oktokorns", etc. Also, you might try going with fired ceramic split molds instead of lost-wax cob. Not only are they reusable, you can get the molds themselves rocket hot so that the metal doesn't solidify before filling the mold.

You have wood, sand, glue and wax, please make a "sandpaper", for sharpen your tools

Such a cool video!! Crazy how accurate you got the tools

You should explore making a wood plane next, which will allow you to make straight edges and surfaces in wood. Probably alongside this technology are a whole slew of items in metalworking (scraping, lapping, grinding, polishing, etc) that will allow you to make metal parts that are flat and straight.

Your videos are like perfect timing cause in my social studies class we are learning about Egypt and you posted this

Andy: Restart the world and rebuild the tech. Also Andy: todays sponsor is a high tech camera system

I feel like if you want to use your own standard of measurement, you should use “hand” instead of “foot” lmao

I'm impressed every time I watch your work. You really do keep it interesting! Thank you for sharing.

Water would make a good level

your standard unit of measurement is a cat's tail

I think I just found one of my new favorite channel! Nice work! Subscribed right away!

what a great channel !! thank you great content for kids and parents to learn educational projects to do together!! BRILLIANT!

Great video:-) Maybe next time wax your chalk line(before putting on the chalk) to make the outlines smoother?

So, did you not think about grinding/sanding the wood flat and true?

Love you're channel. Good work man. Very fun and informative

You also have to remember that crafting of these tools was all some people did back then. It was their job to make accurate and precise tools. It was also some peoples jobs to know how to use these tools accurately and precisely. The fact that you go this close on your first try is really cool and also confirms that they easily could of built the pyramids.

"you haven seen perfect level yet morty"

“The three I measured turned out pretty good” hahaha measure twice cut once

You seem to be getting a lot better and more confident in your metalworking! Great to see. Keep it up!

Pb = Lead. Plumb Bob. Plumber. Lead pipes. I learned something today! And it's still early. I can relax for the rest of the day! Thanks!

BEER! I can't wait for the next one

Next episode: how to cut a limestone block of several ton, using bronze?

The fact that you got close to where you can’t see it without referencing the marks to an actual perfect right angle means that you succeeded. I’d be proud of myself if I achieved what you have. Keep going man, you’re doing great 👍

Love this channel, keep doing what you do best

If they were making joints they probably had a hand drill

uh oh this guy about to prove conspiracys wrong in that human innovation and progression actually made these pyramids, and that modern education is trying to deviate our self thinking.

The flatness can be greatly improved by figure eight sanding it on the stone block. I don’t know when A true “surface plate” started to be used in practice, but it’s pretty straightforward: if you polish three surfaces against each other until disparities are removed, all three will be flat to the resolution of your disparity size. Once you have a reference flat surface, you can dust it with a marking substance like ash and then scrape or plane the local flaws. Search for “nyc CNC scraping” or “Stefan scraping” to see how (and why) this is done even by modern machinists.

Just watched. Talking about units of measure- use a base 12 system (12 in in ft) bc it has more divisors than base 10. Also Pythagoras stole his theorem FROM the Egyptians when he studied there. Loving this series!

This will get buried, so sometimes, I roll myself in a Persian rug and pretend I'm a hotdog.

your base for measurement should be one ten-millionth of the distance from north pole the equator

i love this series you are doing. doing very good that you are. and you seem to be getting better at casting bronze.

I'm so glad you made a right angle from scratch. 🥰 I saw the thumbnail and thought "Oh please don't cheat!" And you didn't. 😁

Episode 10000 Making an battleship and declaring an war!

This is probably the most impressive thing you made after the reset, and I'm including copper tools.

This is all I ever hoped and dreamed for thank you

bro, I totally came here convinced you were gonna nail it but you went overboard! you could have just stopped at the string, that's literally all they needed. take a string and half it until you end up with 12 even divisions and mark them: now divide into 3 segments, each of 3,4,5 respectively. now you have a right angle and do not need a days work like you showed in the video (for which I am nonetheless grateful).

Haven’t been this early before and shall I say what an honor!🙂

You can’t just call the ancient Egyptians tools!

Learning really old simple techniques actually come in handy irl... Some String and a pair of sticks can measure perfectly symmetrical squares with basic math and geometry skills. For instance, when making a perfect square the diagonal cut is 1.4x any of the 4 sides... and both Diagonals are obviously the same size. So wrapping string around say... your hand 10x then 4x gives you all the measurements you need for a near perfect square, then you just adjust till both diagonals are equal and you got a perfect square. If you ever see sticks and string marking a construction site... I'm talking about doing that without modern equipment.

Just today I used a larger A frame with a plum bob I made to measure a level line on the ground. It’s useful for laying out swales and terraces.

I'm still waiting for the iron age.

Idea: distance between eyes as a standard length, as it tends to be the same for most humans.

Love the videos keep up the good work. I think most people call the square that has a flange on it a speed square

Cool series. Looking forward to more.

5:33 "We haven't invented the screw yet" Yet at 3:18 you can clearly see screws holding your mold box together 🤔

measurement basis: light femtosecond alternatively hydrogen wavelength or even hydrogen diameter * 2^32

Great content. Love your channel, and thumb is up!

Absolutely! Leverage is the most important aspect of building large structures with heavy materials sans machinery!!!❤

You should definitely watch the anime” Dr. Stone “

69 views bruh moment

a wood bodied plane with bronze "iron" ought to be useful. true up the sole on sandstone or something similar. I just did a brief google and wikipedia indicates the ancient Egyptians had either a plane or something similar. also, there is a cross grain cutting method used in log house building that, with practice, can leave a surface nearly as flat as a plane, so I've heard.

Your unit of length should be based on the diameter of the human eye, it’s remarkably constant between people (within millimeters) and the Egyptians did love picking bodies apart, so they probably could’ve gotten eyes easily

The Pythagorean theorem is older than Pythagoras, its documented in Mesopotamia by 2000 BC, and in Egypt around the same time in the Berlin Papyrus 6619 (I wish we had an actual name for the document). So its possible that the pyramid builders could have used it. But still a great video. Keep up the good work.

I really love how you guys edit plenty of time to how you make the meany things; something TV editing fails endlessly.

Here thanks to Dr. Miano from World of Antiquity! 👋🏼🙂 A minute in, and I knew I'd enjoy it here. 😊 It's fascinating that it seems we have them to thank for the ubiquitous chalk line that's in most tool boxes of anyone who cuts something larger than a 2×8! 😄 I still have the first metal one I bought 3 decades ago, though the string, itself, has been changed about 4 times (yeah, it worked hard for 2½ decades, while I was a semi trailer mechanic). 😊 Ok, carry on! ❤❤ (Edit: typo)

15:30 One of the things that isn't mentioned during the tool constructions; in ancient Egypt they already had job specialization. So more than likely they had workers that were able to mill the wood to a high quality, others that could cast high quality pieces, etc. As well craftsmen and artists usually made their own tools, the better the craftsman the better the tools. The degree of inaccuracy that we're seeing in the rudimentary tools that Andy made, would not be present in tools made by a master craftsman.

Your videos are the type that should be used in schools and colleges. They're that good in my opinion.

LOL! Awesome intro! Also, you've reached a milestone by, on a small scale, mass producing tools (chisels and such). Well done!

I heard years ago that ancient people’s used to level large areas that were originally uneven by flooding the whole area. Then they drove equal length poles into the water and ground until they were all flush with the water surface. Then they would drain the area and let it dry out. After that they would dig the excess dirt out until they reached the bottoms of each pole when they connected all these spots by digging out the dirt, they had a nice even surface to work with. I hope all that made sense. Pretty fascinating. Y’all have a great weekend!

Hello - Atomic torches were used to cut blocks of stone for the Pyramids and Sphinx. A cold melt meant that no heat was generated to that the object of place could be used immediately. The metal seat the back of the machine would hold the operator while the atomic torches could emit the laser rays from nozzles along the front, bottom and sides. In this way a whole hutment or hangarage could be excavated in the space of a few hours. It left no dust or dirt residue at all. The levitation principle involves an anti-magnetic device which is dangerous to the untrained as one can float right out of the world, in other words, fall upwards. The control involves two grids, one tuned to the magnetism of the Earth. When the grids are in a certain position, the machine plates will float; they will not go up or down. But if one pushes a lever which alters the relationship of the grids to each other, then in one direction the Earth magnetism becomes the stronger, and so the machine plates sink down to the Earth. But if we want to rise up, then we push the lever the other way to that the anti-magnetism takes effect and the Earth repels instead of attracts. In this way we can rise up into the air. One operator could lift up these hundred-ton blocks and place them in position without exerting himself. Then, when the block was in the precise position required, the magnetic current would be switched off and the block would be locked into position by the natural gravitational pull of the Earth. The alien technology was actually brought from the planet Tasch in the Tenth Solar System of this Twelfth Universe by the Hyiptian Rah-Sham-Het and developed further by the power of THOUGHT by the Solar Hierarchy, the Twelve Sons of GOD headed by Archagel Michael (who had His Temple under the Sphinx, His head being the semblance) in Ellhonia, Drunhia, the capital of Egypt in those remote times, 3,5 million years ago. This is how the Pyramids were built, utilising the potency inherent in the solar amethyst of which they were erected. They were intended as Temples of Worship and Training Colleges for the Initiates into the Advanced Degrees of the Mysteries. Thank you.