Рет қаралды 816
Using plant water extracts of Neem leaves, tobacco, colocynthis (bitter apple), and calotropis (milkweed) can provide an effective natural control for sucking and chewing pests. Here's a detailed guide on how to prepare and use these extracts for pest control:
Preparation and Application of Plant Water Extracts
Ingredients:
Neem Leaves (Azadirachta indica)
Tobacco Leaves (Nicotiana tabacum)
Colocynthis (Citrullus colocynthis)
Calotropis (Calotropis procera)
Preparation Method:
Collection:
Collect fresh leaves of Neem, tobacco, colocynthis, and calotropis.
Ensure the leaves are free from dust and contaminants.
Preparation of Individual Extracts:
Neem Extract:
Take 1 kg of fresh Neem leaves.
Crush or grind the leaves to a fine paste.
Soak the paste in 10 liters of water for 24 hours.
Strain the mixture using a fine cloth to obtain the Neem extract.
Tobacco Extract:
Take 01 Kg of tobacco leaves.
Crush or grind the leaves.
Soak the crushed leaves in 10 liters of water for 24 hours.
Strain the mixture to obtain the tobacco extract.
Colocynthis Extract:
Take 01 Kg of colocynthis leaves and fruits.
Crush or grind the material.
Soak the crushed material in 10 liters of water for 24 hours.
Strain the mixture to obtain the colocynthis extract.
Calotropis Extract:
Take 01 Kg of calotropis leaves.
Crush or grind the leaves.
Soak the crushed leaves in 10 liters of water for 24 hours.
Strain the mixture to obtain the calotropis extract.
Combination of Extracts:
Mix equal parts of each extract to prepare a combined solution. For example, mix 10 liters of Neem extract, 10 liters of tobacco extract, 10 liters of colocynthis extract, and 10 liters of calotropis extract to make a solution.
Dilution:
Application Method:
Spraying:
Use a sprayer to apply the plant extract solution evenly over the crops.
Ensure thorough coverage, especially on the underside of leaves and other areas where pests are commonly found.
Frequency:
Apply the solution once a week for the best results.
Increase the frequency to twice a week if pest infestation is severe.
Benefits:
Neem Extract: Contains azadirachtin, which disrupts the growth and reproduction of pests.
Tobacco Extract: Contains nicotine, which acts as a natural insecticide.
Colocynthis Extract: Contains cucurbitacin, which acts as a feeding deterrent for pests.
Calotropis Extract: Contains cardenolides, which are toxic to many pests.
Summary of Benefits:
Broad-Spectrum Control: Effective against a wide range of sucking and chewing pests.
Eco-Friendly: Reduces reliance on chemical pesticides, minimizing environmental impact.
Cost-Effective: Utilizes readily available natural resources.
Integrated Pest Management: Enhances sustainability and promotes ecological balance in agricultural practices.
By using these plant water extracts, farmers can effectively manage pest populations while maintaining a healthy and sustainable farming environment.
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