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Assalamualaikum Friends of the Bushcraft Eagle...
The history of Tanah Luwu began long before the reign of the Dutch East Indies began. Previously Luwu had become a kingdom that covered Kolaka (Southeast Sulawesi) and Poso (Central Sulawesi). The history of Luwu is also known as Tanah Luwu which is associated with the names La Galigo and Sawerigading.
After the Dutch subdued Luwu, they broke Luwu's resistance to the landing of the Dutch army, which was challenged by the head of the Luwu Kingdom, Andi Tadda together with his army at Ponjalae, Palopo coast in 1905. The Dutch then built facilities and infrastructure to meet the needs of the colonial government throughout the Luwu kingdom, starting from the South, Pitumpanua to the north of Poso, and from Southeast Kolaka (Mengkongga) to the west of Tana Toraja. In the Dutch East Indies government, the system of government in Luwu was divided into two levels of government, namely:
High-level government is held directly by the Dutch.
The lower level government is held by the Self-Employed Party.
With the existence of a dualistic government system in governance in Luwu at that time, the high-level government was held by the Dutch East Indies, and the low-level government was held by the Swapraja but was still governed by the Dutch, but de jure the Swapraja Government remained. Following after the Dutch took full control of Luwu, the territory of the Kingdom of Luwu began to be reduced, and divided according to the will and interests of the Dutch, namely:
Poso (which is now in Central Sulawesi) which was originally part of the Luwu Kingdom was separated, and an Afdeling was formed.
Pitumpanua District (now Pitumpanua and Keera Sub-districts) was separated and included in Wajo's territory.
Then an afdeling was formed in Luwu, headed by an Assistant Resident based in Palopo.
Furthermore, Afdeling Luwu is divided into 5 (five) Onder Afdeling, namely:
Onder Afdeling Palopo, with its capital city Palopo.
Onder Afdeling Makale, with its capital city Makale.
Onder Afdeling Masamba, with its capital city Masamba.
Onder Afdeling Malili, with its capital city Malili.
Onder Afdeling Mekongga, with its capital city Kolaka.
Furthermore, during the occupation of the Dai Nippon army, the Japanese government did not change the system of government, which was applied by the Dai Noppon army during its reign in Luwu (in 1942), in principle only continued the system of government that had been implemented by the Dutch, only replaced by Japanese dignitaries. The position of Datu Luwu in the civil government system, while the military government is held by the Japanese. In carrying out the Civil Administration, Datu Luwu was given freedom, but was still closely monitored by the Japanese Military government which was ready to punish civilian officials who did not carry out the will of Japan at any time, and the one who became the civilian government or Datu Luwu at that time was "Andi Kambo Opu Tenrisompa " was later replaced by his son "Andi Patiware" who later had the title "Andi Jemma".
In April 1950 Andi Jemma was reaffirmed his position as Datu/Pajung Luwu with the area as before. Afdeling Luwu includes five onder Afdeling Palopo, Masamba, Malili, Tana Toraja or Makale, Rantepao and Kolaka. In 1953 Andi Jemma Datu Luwu was appointed Advisor to the Governor of Sulawesi, at that time Sudiro. When Luwu was made a Swapraja Government, Andi Jemma was appointed as the Head of Luwu Swapraja, from 1957 to 1960.
For his services to the struggle for Indonesian independence, Andi Jemma was awarded the Guerrilla Star dated November 10, 1958, Number 36,822 which was signed by President Soekarno. During the period of Andi Jemma's leadership as the last King or Datu Luwu, it also marked the end of the autonomous system of government (Decentralization). Dozens of National Level state honors were given to Andi Jemma before he died on February 23, 1965 in Makassar City. President Soekarno ordered that Datu Luwu be buried stately in the 'Heroes Cemetery' Panaikang Makassar, which was led directly by the Commander of the Regional Military Command Hasanuddin.
Furthermore, in the period after the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, the Kingdom of Luwu automatically integrated into the Republic of Indonesia. This was marked by the statement of King Luwu at that time Andi Jemma which stated, among other things, "The Kingdom of Luwu is part of the Unitary Territory of the Republic of Indonesia".
The Central Government issued Government Regulation No. 34/1952 concerning the Dissolution of the South Sulawesi Region formed by the Netherlands/Japan, including an area with a royal status. Government Regulation No.56/1951 concerning the Joint Establishment of South Sulawesi. Thus the combined area was dissolved and the territory was divided into 7 seven autonomous regions.