Watch the full interview with Sterling Mann and ask Derek questions on the element14 Community! bit.ly/3IIVEKl

Great video. As for the length, no need to apologize. I find the amount of information presented was great with the right amount that doesn't overwhelm us. Thanks and will be watching part 2.

So much to learn here. Looking forward to part 2!

As a former Amateur Radio Operator (Technician II), I really enjoyed this. I’ve made all sorts of antennas, but I never really understood the math behind what I was doing.

~7:30 When speaking of the mathematics behind Maxwell's Equations: '∇' is the nabla symbol; however, when used in mathematics it is called the "del operator". When the ∇ is used on a scalar, e.g., ∆f, "del f", is called the "gradient of f." Used in a dot product on a vector, e.g., ∇ • B⃗ "Del dot B⃗ is called the "Divergence of B⃗". Used in a cross product it is called the Curl. "Del cross B⃗", ∇ x B⃗, is the Curl of B⃗. 73, W1JP

8:20 No, an electric field can indeed exist without an magnetic field, and vice versa. The time term in Maxwells 3. and 4. equations just tells you than when one field is changed over time, the other is induced.

Really appreciate your efforts. Keep it up and waiting for Part-2 🤟

We really appreciate you, future Derek

Thanks Derek for sharing. Antennas have always been captivating and fascinating. As hams, they are perhaps one of the best parts of the hobby to experiment and laarn from, and I encourage ALL to build their own when they can. 73

Glad to see your channel and the information is very use full.

Glad to have found your channel. I appreciate information and science rich videos. You are helping the world become scientifically literate.

Thank you for this video. I did have trouble in understanding the section on Maxwell's equations. I will have to spend some time on that.

Yeah, antennas have always been "black magic" to me, now they are "magic". Looking forward to part 2. I am learning a lot from your channel - thanks!

Thank you Derek! You are doing good job!

Great job Derek 👍

Very nice presentation

Wow so well explained 👏

Thank you for the informative presentation. Derek is sporting a sweet looking hat. 🤘

Great tutorial 👌

Very good vid 😊 Thank you ✊

I would like to ask you for help on measuring rf field strength. Is there an accurate way to measure the rf field where the location is inside of one wavelength? I would like to measure frequencies that are in the hf amateur radio bands starting at 1.7 mHz and going up to 30 mHz. Do I want to measure the e-field or the h-field? I think that the e-field would be easier to measure. The equipment I have is a Siglent spectrum analyzer which I believe to be accurate and I have an older field strength meter, EFS-1, which works but I am not sure about the calibration. I read a paper from Keysight Technologies which describes how to use a spectrum analyzer to measure the e-field. (859xE: How Do You Measure Electric Field Strength with an Antenna and Spectrum Analyzer?) I'm not sure about what they call the antenna factor which gives volts/meter in terms of dB's. I checked into buying an accurate rf field strength meter that can measure lower hf frequencies. I found them to be very expensive. What is driving this project, is the FCC requirement to measure rf exposure around the amateur radio station. The ARRL has an online rf exposure calculator. I have several unknown factors at my station and I would like to be more accurate. I also want to learn more about rf fields. Thank you.

great explanation ! ♥️🇲🇦

Hello! My expertise is Antenna Design with more than 40 years experience and more than 50 US Patents granted. I also give lectures on the subject; specifically on the Maxwell Equations and how they are used to design antennas. Keep up the good work!

How do you power the antenna? How do you recieve the power in the receiver?

very kewl :) like such topics

I had a hunch about this information but now it's all so crystal clear.

That was great... much more of that please! :)

at 8:49 isnt J actually the conduction current density while the other half of the equation (on the same side) is the displacement current.

WHERE IS PART 2!? Not out yet? Nooooo, can't wait! Thank you, my favourite part was at 11:00.

Where is the link to part 2? :/

Any possibility to explain its mathematical derivations

Awesome.

Hello, Thank you for your video. One question I have regarding maxwells equation 1 and 2. You used the sink and source analogy to equation two ( electric displacement) but I had learned in the past that for magnets being monopole (equation 1), this was a reminder that magnet are not monopoles and hence no source and sink. So, just wondering if I had it wrong or this was a typo on your side? Thank you!

Which software are you using for the simulations?

what design principles changed to allow us to take advantage of short wave frequencies better?

Yay! Calculus and linear algebra!

8:13 What can never understand is that the signal must propagate down the pipes of the antenna at the same speed its being received, instead of the arms sharpening the signal, would it not blur it? the build of antenna appears to assume that the signal is fed across the arms of the antenna instantly.

The discussion of the transition from separate E and M fields in the nearfield to an EM field in the farfield was a little muddled. The discussion in wiki is pretty good. One picture that is missing is the transition from either a high characteristic impedance at the antenna-free space interface from a dipole, or the low characteristic impedance from a loop antenna to 120 x pi (377 Ohm) free space impedance. This is shown in Henry Ott's book on EMI...

"Assumes your Earth is spherical in nature." Oh.

Blast from the past, in the early 2000s i worked for Radiosoft writing software to do interference studies for the FCC. Memories.

Split videos as you feel you need.

Second part pls

The best explanation of antennas.

What, no comment about Dr. Brown's yellow Case?

What intrigues me is how do electric field flows in an open circuit. It shoudn't a close circuit to electric field to flow?

Thanks for sharing, I still don't get it though. I'm not very educated in this area, but very curious.

Please add FSPL to your loss contributors as the most important one.

I wish you guys were around 55 years ago when I was trying to absorb the concept of divergence and curl after failing differential and integral several times 😢. (Not that I do now.)

I like the speaker/antenna analogy. The math is over my head, so the analogy helps. I think more of the energy being moved around. For a speaker, some energy is used to move air molecules while other energy creates heat at the voice coil. For antennas some energy is radiated away from the antenna while other energy is bounced back to the transmitter.

I like how there's a random "how to cook everything" book just sitting there

J is not displacement current, mu0 de/dt is. Also an E field can exist without a B field, just not a solenoidal one.

The simple reason why antennae produce rf is that the driving signal is accelerating electrons in the aerial conducting material. accelerating electrons radiate electromagnetic radiation.

I'm a retired teacher, but occasionally I teach telecom. Can I use your material, as long as it obviously cites its authorship? 

Just shows how much of a Genius Marconi was.

“Assuming *your* earth is spherical” Hahahaha! Nice burn.

Outstanding info. When future Derek had the Sabbath shirt on, he was awesome! Just sayin...

I'm curious. In 2024, why compare G2Core to 8-bit grbl instead of 32-bit grblHAL?

Can magnets increase performance of antenna ?

at 8 min it almost started then back to chatting with friend about arithmetic and a bit of math

❤❤❤

Is that a Flux Capacitor behind your left shoulder ?

Finally! Marvell, and propogagation to infinity

At about 02:02 in this video: *_"Ah, nuts...."_* 🤭🤭🤭

Ha love the disclaimer about your earth being spherical

Thank for your video, but vital info seems to be missing. As in most rf videos. Still a good video though

School never end? We thought we've left school, but no!

Where do photons fit into all of this? Does photon maths/physics ever need to be considered?

Why not just explain what physical characteristics μ and ε are meant to account for: the stiffness and elasticity of the stuff em waves propagate through?

9:25 "Sterling Explains". Hahahaha. yeah. Sterling doesn't know, but it took him a long time to fail to say it.

How does a squirrel climb a tall, smooth metal mast?

8:13 small correction: an electric field can't exist without a _change_ in the magnetic field

U cut it there?!

At 9:25 Derek asks for an explanation for antenna radiation and Sterling gives him Maxwell's equations instead of an explanation. Welcome to Science. Consider this: There is a massless medium of the galaxy that moves at c, and is made of matter and energy, but not normal baryonic matter. Any transmitting antenna that is correctly tuned for its environment (the medium's environment) acts (inducts) like a transformer as it matches the wave speed of the signal to the wave speed of the medium.

Radiation is complicated. A static charge produces a field that is static. An uniformly moving charge produces a changing field which is non-radiating (it doesn't transfer power at infinity). An accelerated charge is able to radiate (transfer power at infinity). I do not fully understand this although I teach this at the UG level. I can follow the math but I still don't grasp the "why"!

Integral? I do enjoy a good calculus pun. e to the x was at a party for math functions and tried to integrate. It didn't make any difference.

As a RF technichian who worked in Rf transmission field for 17 years. I have come to the conclusion that electromagnetic waves is actually just magnetic waves that travels through space. There is no electric field. The only way to get an electric field or current flow out of the signal is when you put a conductor in the field. Like a receive antenna. So there is electric field in transmit antenna. Which causes magnetic field which changes polarity at same speed and amplitude as the original current in antenna. From there it is just magnetic field only all the way through the air untill it crosses some antenna or conductor. If I am wrong air must be the perfect electrical conductor so that there is no conversion losses from converting between electricity and RF all the time.

Your first antenna is not really a dipole as you have not used a balun, so the coax cable shield forms part of the antenna.

Bro… I’m a mechatronics technician but this is next level 😳 radio frequencies are cool!

Halfway decent

Hi sir good day to you where ever you are i just want to ask a question about my ssb 710 icom why does the power supply flactuate whenever it transmit? Even other devices turn off suddenly whenever i talk.

Hello All

So maybe i missed at, but what exactly ARE radio waves? Are they light waves? Sound waves? Microwaves? Electromagnetic waves? Someone once told me radio is light waves, but I just cant wrap my head around that,

12:38 100 mHz with a wavelength of 3 meters is insane Something being 9 feet long with 100 million oscilation per second is simply not ok

One thing that has always confused my about antennas, and I was hoping this video would answer bust it does not look like it will is as follows: Antennas are somehow driven by electricity, yet antenna's by their very nature are only connected on one side. It doesn't matter if you are talking AC or DC, if you cut the wire electricity stops flowing and whatever you are powering turns off... Yet somehow with antenna's you connect the wire and electricity still somehow flows and makes waves for having done so??? skip the wave explanation for //AFTER// the explanation of how you got the electricity to go down an open circuit!!!???

Whenever a woman asks me why I have a small antenna, I tell her it's because I operate at a high frequency.

Its better to talk in terms of electric current rather than electrons.

why do you look like Tony stark ??

RF is all cool till you get to my house and then it falls apart.. lol radio radio don't work

Thank you for the video .. but well, sorry Sterling but the black magic is still black magic :( ... the key thing to start with for the journey of understanding this magic is: "Kinks" .. but guess what, although I've went through the journey of "digesting" what really happens for the em wave to propagate, I'm unluckily still not satisfied :( ...

In vacuum 😂

Typical, bait you in then here’s the subscription fee.

You really didn't explain it in a way most people would understand. Try this: Radiation Antenna: As the electrons flow toward one pole of the antenna, electrons are flowing away from the other pole of the antenna. Although there is no electrical connection between the poles of the antenna itself, there is an "electromagnetic" connection and the Amplifier "driving" the antenna "thinks" there is a connection, so it thinks current is flowing (which it is but not by direct electron flow). It's sort like of how a capacitors allow AC to pass through even though there is no electrical connection between the two leads - But that is electrostic fields. Now, because current is flowing through the antenna, a magnetic field builds up perpendicular to the poles. So, as the electrons start to flow from 0 to max, the electric fields builds with the poles as the magnetic field builds across the poles, then as the electron flows from max to 0, the two fields diminish. Then the polarity changes and the electrons flow into the other pole while electrons flow out of the other pole. This cause the fields to reverse. As the current flipps back and forth (alternates current AC), so to the fields. This causes them to move away from the antenna as energy being "radiated" as an electromagnetic wave. Think of this. A circuit has to have a send and return path for current to flow, at the other end is a load (where electrons do their work, say convert to heat). If we design our circuit wires properly, the energy flow into the load will be optimal and thus max energy transfer. We call this impedance mating, if the driver, wires (transmission lines), and load all have the same impedance, the max energy will transfer. That's what antennas do, the impedance match the driver, transmission line, and the antenna itself to free space (air on earth). What is key about electromagnetic (EM) waves is, once an antenna converts electron flow into a radiated electromagnetic wave, no return path to the receiver is needed, that EM wave will then couple into the receiving antenna and cause electrons to flow back and forth in it, but at a much less strength (magnitude). Just like light diminishes by the inverse square law, so do propagating EM waves. Why the connection? Light propogates as an EM too, just much higher frequencies than radio waves.

A teaser video? Better information is available for free on youtube. 🙄

Assuming earth is sphirical? Really? 😂

Talks waaay too fast 👎to be useful

please speak slowly. because your videos are watch by people around world, not only english speaking people. please reduce your speech speed by 30 percent. Please

where do you guys make your money? you barely get any KZfaq views, you don't sell anything, there's not that much activity on your forum, ... is this just for you people to add to your resumes? i mean, great production values, but i'm just wondering what's in it for you, and why, despite seemingly working hard on this, why you're not working on getting more reach? ... Element 14 just seems kinda weird to me...

Haha.. assume “your” earth is spherical in nature.

Antennae NOT Antennas

No, you don't say EM waves do not obey the wave equation. You say the wave equation describes the behaviour of EM waves.