Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Aerodynamics and Design

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3 жыл бұрын

#engineering #educational #stem
In this video I show you how the aerodynamics of a (lift-type) vertical axis wind turbine work, and some of the design challenges and solutions of VAWT design.
01:47 Types of Darrieus/ lift-type vertical axis wind turbines
02:25 How to analyse helical and egg-beater shape VAWTs
03:14 Aerodynamic operating principle of a vertical axis wind turbine (simplified)
04:37 How the VAWT velocity triangle changes as the blade rotates
04:50 equations to find relative wind speed and angle of attack
04:53 Tangential force equation
05:58 Effect of tip speed ratio on VAWT blade stall
06:25 VAWT design challenges
06:34 Fatigue loading
06:59 Torque ripple
07:53 Design changes to overcome fatigue loading and torque ripple challenges
08:56 Effect of adding more blades
09:11 Helical blade design
09:34 VAWT blade pitch control
10:14 My opinion: Efficiency vs Complexity is a tradeoff
10:54 Niches where vertical axis turbines are better suited than horizontal axis turbines
For an overview of vertical axis wind turbines and the advantages and disadvantages compared to horizontal axis wind turbines see this video:
• Are Vertical Axis Wind...
Further information on vertical axis wind turbines:
There is a section on VAWT aerodynamic design and analysis in the following text book:
Wind Energy Explained: Theory, Design and Application, 2nd Edition
James F. Manwell, Jon G. McGowan, Anthony L. Rogers
amzn.to/3as89sz
(affiliate link)
Wind Works by Paul Gipe - a very comprehensive wind energy resource (not just VAWT) including history and critical analysis of many commercial turbines:
www.wind-works.org/cms/index.p...
Sandia research report: A retrospective of VAWT technology.
A summary of Sandia's VAWT research and development activities from the 1970s to 1990s. Describes in some detail all of the practical, commercial and design issues they faced. Highly recommended reading for anyone thinking about designing a VAWT.
energy.sandia.gov/wp-content/...
Thanks for watching the video Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Aerodynamics and Design

Пікірлер: 994

@johnluffman7954 3 жыл бұрын

The possible approaches for VWAT simulation:

@iliassbensouna8627 3 жыл бұрын

Can you make the video of the maths and theory of aerodynamic analysis of a VAWT

@alangaughran Жыл бұрын

These videos are gold dust. This is what KZfaq should be like as a norm. Authoritative and clear and no fear of the use of maths. Thanks a lot.

@jimchallender4616 3 жыл бұрын

I'm a newbe - sent here by Dave Borlace of "Just Have A Think". Great content - thanks!!

@jorgemanzanares6444 3 жыл бұрын

give us the math!!!! i love your work. it is verry inspiring

@murbella7 3 жыл бұрын

I understood about 1 percent of this but was fascinated enough to stay to the end. Thank you for providing me with much needed rest time.

@charleshughbryan5603 2 жыл бұрын

Great video !!

@whitneylake2107 3 жыл бұрын

I have been a designer/consultant/inventor for many years and just wanted to say thank you

@dantiscoff9127 3 жыл бұрын

Great Video!!

@MinimaDomum 2 жыл бұрын

Ive recently moved to a windy off grid location and have been wondering about VAWTs to make use of that wind, it seemed so simple to build in that the wind direction doesn't matter but it turns out there's a lot more to it than just the wind direction and length of the blades! Thanks for breaking it down so succinctly!

@colinoram4374 2 жыл бұрын

Surely the case for VAWTs should include their advantages at larger scale. This is the "elephants cannot jump" argument. As any structure is scaled up, stresses in that structure increase as the scale, so if you make something twice as big it has eight times the volume and eight times the mass, maybe eight times the cost, and gravitational bending stresses within the structure double. This is a problem for HAWTs, because this increase in stress applies to gravitational bending in the blade roots and this is a fatigue driver and hence a driver of cost of energy LCOE from HAWTs. VAWTS do not suffer this same cyclic fatigue stress and so were thought in the 1980s (when I did my PhD in VAWT aerodynamics) to be destined to replace HAWTs eventually when wind turbines reached large enough scale. (Aerodynamic stresses become less and less important with increased scale.) As it happens we are actually clever enough to make bigger things more expertly and so things including wind turbines do not increase in mass as the cube of linear dimension, but rather mass increases as scale to a power of about 2.2 to 2.6. Amusingly we might remember that body mass index (BMI) is calculated from mass/height^2, not height^3. The effect of this is that gravitational bending stresses do not increase as scale, but they still increase strongly. To combat these increases in stress we hear that more expensive materials (kevlar and carbon fibre) are increasingly used in modern turbines, perhaps to cope with this gravitational edgewise bending fatigue problem. Presumably there will come a time when it will be cost effective to switch to VAWTs?

@noiseoid 3 жыл бұрын

Great lecture! I wouldn't have thought I can understand the workings of these turbines in 12 minutes.

@Rhaenspots 2 жыл бұрын

Hi Rosie! Thank you so much for all of your amazing videos! I started working for a company which supplies composite foams and balsas to LM Wind. Through that I was able to learn about and nerd out over wind turbines and specifically the blades.

@josephanthony9294 3 жыл бұрын

Great video. Shows there are a lot of pitfalls in VAWTm design. I think they have great potential in urban areas without necessarily beating or matching HAWT efficiency...and I'd like to see the maths too

@goodboiadvsp3297 2 жыл бұрын

I would love to see a video detailing the basic mechanical needs and physics of a pitch controlled H-style VAWT. It would be interesting to see how complex it really needs to be. Loved the video!

@BuildingCenter 3 жыл бұрын

Luckily, I found both videos in April 2021. After Part 1, I was very eager to hear about potential designs. This is such a useful pair of videos. Thanks!

@peterpicroc6065 3 жыл бұрын

Nice! You're the real deal obviously. Tricky stuff, plain language, clear take home messages that even I get. Would love a more mathematical vid though it'd be mostly lost on me. Keep doing your thing.

@lloydsumpter7735 3 жыл бұрын

Great presentation! Nice to see someone not treating me like an idiot when explaining something. As I see it, the biggest ADVANTAGE of VAWT is having the "guts" at ground level. The biggest DISADVANTAGE of the Darius-style is that they're not self-starting - but that can be fixed by having a Savonius-style starter turbine.

@pranavtetali7053 3 жыл бұрын

I am also interested in the detailed design video with all the math :-)

@zamfirvalentin8053 2 жыл бұрын

Hi everybody, I am such a DIY guy and I've started to build more than one VAWT on my backyard. I live in a place with 6m/s medium wind speed / year. So I 've done the math very simplyfied. 1 complete turbine (with generator, charge controler, batteries, inverter, etc) with the cost of materials up to 1000 euros and a medium of 500wh production for only 12 hours/day and 3 years of lifetime will make me save around 3200 euros of energy cost this 3 years. Minus the total costs, it can save around 2000 euros for 3 years. If we combine 2 of them the savings will double, so I can save 4000 euros for 3 years. For only 3 years of lifetime It looks enough efficient for me! In this case I think the low efficiency doesn't matter to much. And don't forget the carbon footprint. Mabe I'm wrong, I'll build it anyway.