you include cyprus but not türkiye and rest of caucasus how weak from you... this is not all of europe only 90%

@@adnan_honest_jihadist5775 make your own vid then

One small mistake: in 2022 and 2023 all Ukrainian cities, including Kyiv and Odesa, were in population decline due to the outflow of refugees from the country.

@@gwynedd4023 if i could i would

@@user-uf2df6zf5w hard to track currently

Location, location, location.

By the 1800s colonization had brought incredible prosperity to north western europe, but as the effects of colonization die down things stabilize back to natural levels

Call it Istanbul. You don’t see people calling London Londonia now do you?

​@@kb-gj9lf the city was literally called constantinople until the end of WW1 when the new turkish state renamed it Istanbul

@@kb-gj9lf it was still called constantinople back then

And for a good while inbetween, there were only some 30.000 people living in various villages around the area that used to be Rome and later became Rome again.

Also Baghdad reached 1m

​@@Yora21 they were not villages it was actually a huge city for medieval standards. That's why it's on the top tho. You can see lots of medieval architecture in Rome still. Rome is called the Eternal City because it never stopped being one of the biggest and it never stopped being the first or still in the top 3 most important cities of the continent for 1800 years straight, until the middle of the 1500s circa.

@Melvil DE CASTRO we're talking about Europe here.

It is worth noting that many of those living in Rome were slaves, so population doesn't nessecarily equate to native population.

And it blinded them at the same time

The numbers for Rome definitely feel too low, same with some other cities. Rome never surpasses 1m in the video.

It was in no way "advanced", simply the centre of a great colonising, destructive and sterilising empire that sucked up all the resources produced by its peripheries.

The population booms in islamic cities are even more interesting

It’s because places like Italy, Greece, Persia, Egypt, etc. were geographically positioned in a way that resulted in numerous invasions from all sides, making it very difficult for their cities to experience growth post antiquity.

@@universetraveler5826 that's true for much of the middle ages, but during the early modern period the population of northwestern europe boomed thanks to the prosperity from colonization

@@jonathanpilcher337 Ya most trade and transport was done in and among the Mediterranean as that was what technology allowed and it led to a lot of prosperity, but as the Atlantic became accessible due to ship technology the population centres shifted north and west to the Atlantic coast which now had access to the entire world, not just the Mediterranean sea.

@@croisaor2308 granted in recent years the population has pulled back towards the mediterranean, probably due to the effects of colonization dying down

The boom in the 20th century was a bad one which was resulted by mass immigration from other Turkish regions plus after 1453 Constantinople was in stable position because before that it was plundered and sacked by crusaders

@@cazwalt9013 no it wasnt, turkeys overall population bommed there, you can see it in every single city at that time and even today

​@@ArdaSReal adam hakli knk kırsal kesimden istanbul gibi şehirlere fazla göç oldu

@@ArdaSReal How much of that from rural-urban migration? Whatever the amount you’d figure they got a disproportionate amount in the capital and already largest city.

Very, like we get it the ottoman empire was successful for a time, so were a hundred other large empires throughout history

​@@jonathanpilcher337Bro, %90 of the comments are nothing but celebrating Ollie's work. What are you two even talking about? Even scrolling down you can bately see any!

@@UEFAfan785 comment sections load different for everyone. I suppose I just got unlucky with a dozen turkish nationalists in a row lol

@@jonathanpilcher337 True, these Turkish "nationalists" vote for the worst parties in existence and still think they're feared.

Turks are Europe's Brazilians

Constantinople/istanbul is well known as a major city in Europe. But it doesn’t mean other European cities like Rome are less important it’s all subjective 🔹Rome - the capital of the Roman Empire, and the capital of the Catholic Church being the seat of the pope, and probably the first city to reach 1 million inhabitants, even though in the 11th century after Rome fell the pope in Rome orchestrated the crusade and in a way indirectly reestablished romes rule in the levant. 🔹Paris. Is was the center of the European enlightenment which was one of the most important event in history. And was a major city as seen in the video as Paris consistently remain amongst the largest Europeans cites for the past 800 years. 🔹London is the capital of the largest empire in history. And is the first major industrial city. The first truly mega city as it was the first to reach 2, 3, 4 , 5 , million inhabitants. The first city to built a modern sewage system, first metro system, the first power grid system, etc etc etc making London the first truly modern city

Roma Caput Mundi

sometimes quality is more important than raw numbers. China is cosistantly the largest country in the world. What did it acheive other than being invaded and the world's factory though? Same thing with Istanbul.

​@@arberor4597Constantinople is better and richer historically than the two rubbish French and British

​@@frankhungchToday China is at the top and Europe is in a practically irreversible decline

Without doubt

Yes

We're lucky to have him.

debatable

@@Gorboduc luck doesnt exist

UN Urbanisation Prospects (2018 revision): population.un.org/wup/Download/ You can view it in a more human-friendly format in my Google Sheets spreadsheet, linked in the description.

@@OllieBye Thank you. Ah, I see

@@OllieBye how dyk you can trust UN?

Indeed, this is a true brain-starter, in particular when you change the perspective. Thank you Ollie!

His manners are immaculate

Yes, this isn't very accurate. In the 9th-10th century OHRID was the centre of Slavic literacy and religion and was one of the largest cities of the time yet it doesn't get a mention.

@@alpayakay5454 Crusades in 1000 ? And Cordoba was pretty far from the "frontline"

@@bryaninvictus9530 Reconquista (718-1492), which I know as crusade, for 800 years, Europe had a work to kill in Europe Muslims. Divide and rule policy is used in accordance with the complete Christianization strategy of Europe, they cause a civil war in Cordoba and cause division in an event known as the The Fitna of al-Andalus (1009-1031).

@@alpayakay5454but the reconquista had not reach Cordoba at all in 1000 AD

@@alpayakay5454 You obviously don't know what you are talking about

The fitna of Al-Andalus, basically a civil war that ended the Caliphate of Cordoba and started the kingdoms of Taifas until the Almoravid invasion from North Africa. From most of the biggest cities of Al Andalus the governors declared themselves caliphs and Cordoba was sacked at some moments

Petrograd from 1914 to 1924 Leningrad from 1924 to 1991 or 1993 And it reverted to St. Petersburg since then

Why changing names?

@@scarymonster5541 politics, of course

@@scarymonster5541 In 1914 it was changed from Sankt Petersburg (meaning Saint Peter's City in German/Dutch) to Petrograd (City of Peter in Russian) because Russia was in war with Germany. In 1924, Soviets wanted to deal with everything associated with ,,old ways" so they changed it to Leningrad, in honor of Soviet leader Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov (a.k.a. Lenin) [There were plans to rename Moscow to Stalinodar (meaning gift of Stalin), but thank God, that failed, even Stalin himself rejected the proposal.] In 1991 or 1993, I'm not sure which year it was, it reverted to it's original name, Sankt Petersburg, or Sankt Peterburg, I'm not exactly sure how Russians spell it nowdays. When USSR and communism fell, there was absolutely no reason to keep Soviet name of the city.

@@professionaldriver77878 oh alright

It was shown though

The most underrated city ever

Even in Italy people don't realize how big Naples has been for centuries...

And it has been also the biggest city of the Spanish empire

Could be Strasbourg. Also could be Geneva or Lyon.

@@TheZestyCar It's Zurich .

​@@TheZestyCar it cant be Geneva. Geneva is a bit more south. From what it looks like, i would assume that it is Bern, Basel, Freiburg, Zürich or Strasbourg. Zürich seems the most likely, but than i dont know why Stuttgart (which has more inhabitans than Zürich) is not shown.

It's Strasbourg (France).

Yeah, I know the city has a notable jewish population. Not sure about Protestant though

I don`t think he displayed a majority religion here, just the official religion of the government or something like that. Constantinople was mostly greek and orthodox for a significant amount of time after conquest for example

There are more issues, like in 17th century, Riga (not marked) was bigger than Stockholm (marked), or Novgorod shown as one of the largest cities in the USSR (perhaps, messed with Gorkiy/Nizni Novgorod). So, I wouldn't take that as granted...

​@@compatriot852 cry catholic

Вільня❤

Manzikert itself didn't cause that. If the Byzantines didn't have civil wars every 2 weeks then the Komenians would've restored the empire's rule.

The Crusaders conquered byzantiniun before t*rks.

@@Letnistonwandif why dont you like turks

We will come once again wait and see and this time the Balkans will also want us to come again. Just as their ancestors wanted our ancestors to come instead of the Cardinals...

@@berkantelgin cringe

+1

Lviv is the only correct name

It was catholic at that time, but it has always been Lviv since the foundation

you are so right 😢

Combo high demographic growth + very strong rural exode

If there is an earthquake and there will be, be sure there will be no more Türkiye for long years due to earthquake bringing a lot of economical issues. İstanbul is the heart of Türkiye. I am not even talking about people dying not because I don't care because I don't even wanna think about how many deaths there will be...

And not only "if" Experts says that there will be a big earthquake in Istanbul in the next 10 years for sure. We are just waiting for the doom day.

Türkiye is in the world's second most active earthquake belt. Turkey's largest fault line passes through Istanbul. In 1999, a 7.4 magnitude earthquake occurred in the city of Izmit, only 50-100 km away from Istanbul. Three months after this earthquake, another 7.2 magnitude earthquake occurred in the city of Düzce, 300 km away from Istanbul. In these earthquakes, which took place 3 months apart, there were not many problems in the buildings in Istanbul. There was great destruction in the cities of Izmit, Adapazarı and Düzce. I experienced these 2 great earthquakes in the city of Bolu. Since I live in the village, our house was not damaged. But I felt the earthquake very strongly. The population of Istanbul is now more than 16 million. There are approximately 1.2 million buildings and around 5 million flats (independent sections). 300 thousand of 5 million independent sections are very risky structures. It is planned to build new independent sections instead of 300 thousand independent sections within 5 years. While Turkey was waiting for a big earthquake in Istanbul for years, the biggest earthquake happened in another region. On the same day, there were 2 earthquakes of 7.8 and 7.7 in a row. I think there has never been an earthquake of this magnitude in succession in the world. More than 50,000 people died. There was great destruction in 5 big cities with a population of more than 500 thousand. The population affected by this earthquake is as much as the total population of the city of Istanbul. In a possible earthquake in Istanbul, similar results may occur as in the Maraş-centered earthquakes in 2023. Tens of thousands of people may lose their lives in an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.5 and above. The reason for the high number of deaths in earthquakes in Turkey is the high number of buildings before 2000. Most of the buildings before 2000 are not resistant to severe earthquakes above 7. The quality of the buildings is insufficient. After 2000, earthquake regulations related to buildings were issued 3 times. Most of the buildings that are built properly with the current regulation can withstand an 8-magnitude earthquake. In the two major earthquakes in 2023, none of the approximately 300 thousand buildings built under the leadership of the state's Mass Housing Administration (TOKİ) institution, according to the new regulations, were destroyed or even damaged. More than 95% of the buildings destroyed in these earthquakes were buildings built before 2000. Unfortunately, 5% of it was destroyed due to human error and material problems. Those responsible for the buildings were arrested. Especially for the last 10 years, Turkey has been trying to make very large earthquake regulations and neighborhood-based urban transformation. However, some people in the neighborhoods and some non-governmental organizations opposed this urban transformation, that is, the demolition of old buildings and the construction of new ones, either financially or for political and other reasons. After this last earthquake, it became clear that the first priority of people is not money, but human life. The state decided to provide 50% contribution to those who want to replace their old buildings with new ones. That also had an effect. The demand for urban transformation is very high. Within a year, approximately 300 thousand new buildings will be built in the cities where the earthquake took place. 3-4 months after the earthquake, some buildings were built and started to be delivered. In 5 years, approximately 300 thousand old buildings in Istanbul will be renewed with urban transformation. If there is no earthquake in Istanbul in 5-10 years, most of the buildings in Istanbul will become resistant to an earthquake of magnitude 8 in accordance with the new regulations. I

Even after 600 years omg what they teaching you guys very well propoganda

So it is also strange to see Cordoba in Spainish flag before 1240 AD

Османская империя пала)

İt was otoman empire's capital before conquest of istanbul so after we took control of istanbul we made it our capital so edirne lost its importance

It was their capital before conquest of Constantinopole

@@professionaldriver77878 I knew that, but I always assumed it was smaller.

As a Turkish I still think Edirne is a very impressive city. It has good cultural&historical aura.

@@legendaryboxer9769 Indeed, Adrianopole is beautiful city.

@@legendaryboxer9769 Selimiye Camii is breathtaking, along with the rest of the city!

Yeah, I spent a lot of that time working on the yet-to-be-released HRE video. This video was more of a side-project.

@@OllieBye hope the HRE project goes well, and have a nice day

?

Yeah I agree, historical flags would be much more useful in providing historical context. For instance its a bit confusing when you see that Cordoba is the largest city when its got the Spanish flag to it, rather it would be more clear it being shown under the caliphate.

I agree, it's simply not historically accurate.

U r wrong. Istanbul is larger Moscow.

@@brixtonfc he was talking about agglomeration.

That issue is discussed in the research notes, which can be found in the description.

Only Russians lived there as Ukrainians appeared only in XXth century

Because ukrain was part of Russia

@@povezlo1142 Lol russia didn't exist in that time

@@gotrefer6183 Neither did Ukraine. (lol)

@@povezlo1142 Go to sleep. School'll be tomorrow

lol

so...Muslim Europe?

Same is true in the modern era, looking at the state of London and Paris...

Only Constantinople

@@Pawn2e4 Oh no, a few million immigrants in a country with tens of millions. Whatever are the French and Brits gonna do...

​@@MW_Asura No, more Cordova

Because Mongols captured tens of thousands of slaves from conquered lands (mostly Russic duchies and Volga Bulgaria). And they enslaved primarily skillful craftsmen - potters, smiths, tanners, jewelers and architects. Nearly a half of Saray's population was Russic and Orthodox, they had a lot of chuches in the city as well as own episcopal see. Due to the fact that the most skilled craftsmen were enslaved, many crafts in Rus (in particular, stone architecture and jewelry) died out for 100 years. And overall, because of Tartar-Mongols the population of Rus decreased by 2 times, from 6 mil. to approximately 3 million (slaughtering, enslavement, famine, diseases and refuge). Such cities as Vladimir, Old Ryazan, Kyiv, Chernihiv, and Halych have faded away, most of them forever. Only Kyiv has revived approximately in 17 century. So God rightfully punished Golden Horde - firstly with plague, then by Tamerlan, and finally by Ivan IV.

​@@woefulfisher ahaha typical russian patriot. Dude your people done worst one in empire + soviet period. Simply if you have power, you can. Simply they are still doing same shit own race in Ukraine. Most important thing dont judge dark age period with 21th century ideas.

​@@sertankay86 ну как там, на мине ещё на ракете не подорвался?)

Nah, just overrated by the western people who are ignorant about Eastern history. Asian history is even more fascinating. The most interesting part of European history only came after Renaissance. And some part of Greek and Roman history probably. Pre modern India & China have more rich history than than pre modern Europe. Just the world is so eurocentric that they overglorify it.

@@mahfuzannan8270 It is a matter of opinion.

@@mahfuzannan8270 Europe is the most interesting continent and has the best history for me. And yes, I'm biased because I'm European, just like you're biased towards Asia because you're Asian. Ancient and Medieval European history are one of the best parts of European history

@@MW_Asura there is nothing "best" in history. You can't say this region has better history than that region. History is just "collection of stories and events." Yes, interest is a subjective thing. But when you say it's "best" it just shows that your perspective on history is just wrong. History can be "rich" not "best." Someone who says that Europe's history is richer than the Middle East, India and China (ignoring other regions of Asia) combined is either delusional or outright ignorant.

​@@mahfuzannan8270World is eurocentric. Deal with it.

Nope

Give the guy a break. Look at all the work here. Adding the accurate flag for each moment would be a pain in the a**

@@ramirosotto Population data is harder to collect.

​@@camponotusinflatus9920atleast its not impossible, unlike historical flags because they literally dont exist for half the video

I will some day, but not soon

Yeah I noticed a bit of a theme lol.

Yeah I noticed it too. They are annoying as fk. They have been ruled by Chinese/mongols/Slavs/iranics during 2000 years and they cope with that.

wdym nationalist?

They have nothing to be proud of except for spreading their own Turkic bs theory lol

The flags refer to the country they are in today.

@@OllieBye A flag of Rome or Byzantium would do.