A CMOS NAND gate is a type of digital logic gate that implements the logical operation of the NAND (NOT-AND) function using Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) technology. It takes multiple inputs and produces an output based on the logical NOT-AND operation.
Here's how a 2-input CMOS NAND gate works:
Inputs: The CMOS NAND gate has two input terminals labeled A and B.
Transistor Configuration:
PMOS Transistors (P-Channel): The PMOS transistors act as pull-up switches. The source of each PMOS transistor is connected to the positive supply voltage (VDD), and the gate is driven by the input signal. The drain of these transistors is connected to the output.
NMOS Transistors (N-Channel): The NMOS transistors act as pull-down switches. The source of each NMOS transistor is connected to the ground (GND), and the gate is also driven by the input signal. The drain of these transistors is connected to the output.
Logic Operation:
When both inputs A and B are set to logic HIGH (1), the gate of the PMOS transistors is LOW (0), turning them off, and the gate of the NMOS transistors is HIGH (1), turning them on. This pulls the output to GND (0), resulting in a logic LOW output (1 NAND 1 = 0).
When any input A or B (or both) is set to logic LOW (0), the corresponding PMOS transistor gate is HIGH (1), turning it on, and the NMOS transistor gate is LOW (0), turning it off. This disconnects the path to GND, allowing the output to be pulled up to VDD (1), resulting in a logic HIGH output.
In summary, a CMOS NAND gate outputs a logic HIGH only when all of its inputs are logic LOW, and outputs a logic LOW when any of its inputs are logic HIGH.
The CMOS technology provides low power consumption and high noise immunity, making CMOS NAND gates widely used in digital integrated circuits for various applications.
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