First Animals: How did they move?

  Рет қаралды 28,517

Oxford University Museum of Natural History

Oxford University Museum of Natural History

3 жыл бұрын

The majority of animals living today can move, some can run, and some can even fly. But what about the first animals?
​​​​​​​Were the first animals able to move? When did they learn to move? Why did they move? How did they move? Did they have legs? Prof. Xiao at Virginia Tech will explore some of these questions using the Ediacaran-Cambrian fossil record, with a focus on his recent work on the Shibantan Lagerstätte, in collaboration with his colleagues from the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology.
Prof. Xiao is Professor of Geobiology in the Department of Geosciences at Virginia Tech. He received his Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees from Peking University and his PhD from Harvard University. He integrates paleobiological, sedimentological, stratigraphic, and geochemical data to answer questions about Precambrian paleobiology and paleoenvironments.
*Please note, this lecture may not be suitable for young children, but is suitable for adults and young people - beginners and experts welcome!
Visit our website: oumnh.ox.ac.uk
Visit the First Animals exhibition online: oumnh.ox.ac.uk/first-animals
Our First Animals models are available on the Sketchfab app, and are available for use under Creative Commons. Discover them here: sketchfab.com/morethanadodo
Your generous donations help to keep our public programmes running. Donate to the Museum: bit.ly/oumnh-donate-yt

Пікірлер: 40
@paulbourdon1236
@paulbourdon1236 3 жыл бұрын
It was great to see the most recent Ediacaran evidence! Especially the Nama assemblages. Thank you for posting!
@thorstenbrand4187
@thorstenbrand4187 3 жыл бұрын
This was a wonderful talk, thank you very much!
@PartiallyAgonized
@PartiallyAgonized 2 жыл бұрын
You are welcome
@kevinbull9284
@kevinbull9284 3 жыл бұрын
Thank you Professor Xiao. A fascinating presentation.
@hmolll
@hmolll 3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the presentation! It deserves many more views and likes.
@charlesjmouse
@charlesjmouse 3 жыл бұрын
I've only recently found this series and am thoroughly enjoying it! As an aside I have very fond childhood memories of many, many, visits to the Natural History Museum in London, walking around in wide-eyed wonder at the exhibits. I can't begin to express the depth of horror and disappointment I felt the last couple of times I visited as an adult - the utter ruination of a once great institution! Entire halls given over to rank upon rank of cuddly toys, many exhibits gone, God knows where, the remnants crammed in to corners and then covered up by idiot 'multimedia experiences'... and don't get me started on the Darwin Centre, what a spectacular waste of money, as is that monstrosity of an escalator that serves as a rear entrance while looking like one too - The irony considering what one is about to be introduced to these days! More, with everything now so crowded together moving around the museum is worse than a busy day in Ikea and rather more disappointing! The only part of the whole place that hasn't been utterly ruined is the minerals hall and as that obviously hasn't been touched in 30+ years I suspect i's only because nobody there cares enough to get a bulldozer up the stairs! Why the rant? About 10 years ago, shortly after my initial horror at the crimes perpetrated at the London Natural History Museum, I happened to stumble across the Oxford Museum of Natural History and was greatly cheered - Well presented (ie: you could see them!) 'genuine' exhibits with plenty of room to move about and appreciate the place. If I wanted to know more all I had to do was read the generally well-written plaques attached to each exhibit, and nothing was covered with meaningless flashing lights that only serve to distract from the sources of wonder that are the whole reason public access to museums exists! Given this awful trend for replacing the 'genuine article' with "Sound and Fury; Signifying Nothing" it was a real pleasure - I haven't had the chance to go back, sadly to some extent I daren't! Please tell me the Oxford Museum has kept the cultural Vandals from the gate!
@wafikiri_
@wafikiri_ Жыл бұрын
You should have seen my children, aged seven and nine, reading the names in hieroglyphic shells at the Natural History Museum in London in their first and only visit. And the disbelieving faces of people around listening to them. They could not guess they had been playing with hieroglyphs for a whole year, composing sentences in typographic way with a toy thereto.
@pansepot1490
@pansepot1490 3 жыл бұрын
Great talk, thanks.
@michaelhusar3668
@michaelhusar3668 3 жыл бұрын
Excellent presentation.
@jimboAndersenReviews
@jimboAndersenReviews 3 жыл бұрын
Two things: One goes to the White Sea to look at fossils, because they are there :3 Also, I found it hilarious that people's roof tiles have been inspected via binoculars; it makes sense, but was unexpected. The whole presentation was was well put together. I found some new cues.
@MrSpirit99
@MrSpirit99 Жыл бұрын
I feel educated. The Cyberman vibes in the beginning are a bit disturbing-tho.
@Galenus1234
@Galenus1234 3 жыл бұрын
Prof. Xiao's English is way better than my Chinese, but I find it funny that him saying "... million years" rather sounds like "... many years" to me.
@Dragrath1
@Dragrath1 3 жыл бұрын
Interesting choice to use the ctenophore first divergence model I wonder why that one was preferentially chosen as it is generally considered more controversial. Is it possibly related to the hypothesis that some sponges are more closely related to eumetazoans than other sponges?(which was later challenged) Also I noticed the lack of mention of the somewhat suggestive sponge fossils namely the claim for finding evidence of spicules in the Tonian or the claim of finding a Sponge in end Marinoan glaciation cap carbonates? Have those been debunked or were they just considered to ambiguous to warrant mention?
@kgspvgsp7569
@kgspvgsp7569 2 жыл бұрын
Looks like puyi, last emperor
@wafikiri_
@wafikiri_ Жыл бұрын
Very clever, adding animal proteins to the onion soup!
@spatrk6634
@spatrk6634 2 жыл бұрын
i imagine first animals floated. now lets watch the video
@brownmold
@brownmold 2 жыл бұрын
Why no net over the cooking pot?
@davidwilkie9551
@davidwilkie9551 3 жыл бұрын
Excellent presentation and review of discoveries. Mathematical Physics of The Butterfly Effect evolving from 0-1-2-3-4-etc exponentiation-ness sequences via the e-Pi-i sync-duration Principle is apparent in Math-Phys-Chem and Geometrical Drawing Resonances MODULES of AM-FM Communication In-form-ation Tuned integration of pulse-evolution life, that is recognised by Palentological snapshots of this natural self-defining measuring system of complex combination and permutations of harmonic/anharmonic resonance in mass-energy-momentum In-form-ation. (With some Intuitive experience) There are many suggestions for the development of bivalve structures along with the other bilaterally symmetric forms? Ie many forms radiated in development and filled the niche of oxygenated layers in the Biological (Quantum-fields Clocking) Material environment. The last question regarding a 2->3D transition is focusing on the relevant physical significance of what you would expect to happen when a heavily restricted environment is released by the melting of a global ice-sheet. It fits the Punctuated Equilibrium scenario very well.
@jamesgreenshade6065
@jamesgreenshade6065 3 жыл бұрын
LOL what you get in Burger king
@fredkelly6953
@fredkelly6953 2 жыл бұрын
The topics are so interesting on this channel but the format sux. Poor video and audio quality and just some professor meandering on about their favourite subject. Which is ok, I've seen a couple now but I would prefer less a facetime/lecture thing and more actual production from your end, do you even edit?
@mhorram
@mhorram 3 жыл бұрын
I think I would have to disagree with Dr. Xiao's conclusion about Darwin (everything else was quite interesting and quite instructive). The problem is the Ediacaran fossil record. Although it would be mind-blowing to Darwin in some respects it would be a big disappointment in others. By that I mean there are no intermediate forms of life that comply with Darwin's origin of species. So from what did the Cambrian life forms descend? I don't think that anybody ever said there was no life before the Cambrian explosion. What was remarked is that this seems to be the first example of complex life. All of this life MUST be traceable back to ancestral forms (intermediate forms). So far those forms are missing in the fossil record. More to the point, the amount of time between the Ediacaran life forms and the Cambrian life forms seems far too small to account for all the possible intermediate stages required to explain the Cambrian Explosion. We are still missing a key to explain this phenomenon. The one thing I wish Dr. Xiao would have discussed is sex. Could it be that motility came into being when differentiation due to sex entered the life cycle? I think it was taken as a given that in the early Ediacaran, life propagated by spores being release into the water. It works I suppose but if diversity is part of the story of how life evolved then being able to leave your location to find a mate, miles away, definitely makes sure that diversity can (will?) happen.
@hostarepairman
@hostarepairman 3 жыл бұрын
Have Patience. Every year more pre-Cambrian fossil (& chemical) evidence is being discovered. AND, methods of fossil detection & sorting out what is found are improving quickly, too. "It's just a matter of time."
@mhorram
@mhorram 3 жыл бұрын
@@hostarepairman You may be right but I think whatever fossils we find will offer bigger puzzles to the overall mystery. One thing I should have mentioned in my initial reply is: the time period between the last known Ediacaran fauna and the Cambridge Explosion fauna is not sufficient to provide for all the innovations we see in the Cambrian. Remember, Darwin's theory of evolution to create species is a very slow process. In the Cambrian we see several innovations any one of which would have been a marvel. For all of them to happen at once is a statistical nightmare! Complex body plans, bilateral symmetry, development of the notochord, body armour, presummably to defend against predation, the appearance of obvious predation (anomalocaris) compound eyes sometimes on stalks that might have given stereoscopic vision etc. etc. all of that had to have several previous generations (most 'experimental') to build up to what we find in the Cambrian. In my opinion we will find some fossils as you suggest but will they be insufficient to plug the chasm between Ediacaran fauna and Cambrian Fauna? When they do find that this new evidence perhaps it will require us too develop a different theory about how species originate. Now that would make Paleontology exciting.
@blastulae
@blastulae 3 жыл бұрын
You are mistaken. The Ediacaran biota includes stem phyla of modern animals and higher phylogenetic clades, such as bilateria. Other Ediacaran fauna probably belong to extant phyla, but lack certain defining traits of crown clades. Kimberella, for instance, is definitely a bilaterian and possibly a mollusk. Also bilaterian Parvancorina might be an arthropod. There are definitely proto-sponges. Latest Ediacaran sediments of western Siberia contain some hard-shelled, agglutinated foraminifera.
@blastulae
@blastulae 3 жыл бұрын
Foraminafera of course aren't animals but belong to the related SAR eukaryotic clade.
@blastulae
@blastulae 3 жыл бұрын
@@hostarepairman We already have ample evidence of Phanerozoic phyla in the Precambrian, such as the cnidarian trace fossil Dr. Xiao mentioned.
@stuartwilliams3164
@stuartwilliams3164 3 жыл бұрын
So you seem to have bypassed the origins please explain the first cells and how this were formed
@pansepot1490
@pansepot1490 3 жыл бұрын
This video is about as specific stage and period of evolution, it’s not about the origin of life. If you want explanations about the first cells there’s plenty of info freely available on the internet and KZfaq. Google is your friend.
@judsonwall8615
@judsonwall8615 Жыл бұрын
The first cells began developing in the hadean, 4+ billion years ago. This guy is discussing Cambrian fauna half a billion years ago. A humongous, massive difference in time. Simple-called organisms were 3.5 billion years old by the time complex animals start showing up in the late Proterozoic and Cambrian.
@Rob81k
@Rob81k 3 жыл бұрын
funny how he sounds asian one moment and australian the next :)
@bouldersoundguy
@bouldersoundguy 3 жыл бұрын
Ugh, unpleasant audio. One would think the desire to transmit this information would motivate doing it more competently.
@vadinhopsc
@vadinhopsc 3 жыл бұрын
No that bad... please notice it is not a studio recording,
@andrewfleenor7459
@andrewfleenor7459 3 жыл бұрын
Is trashing the audio quality of lectures given by world experts in things that are not audio recording your idea of marketing? It's a pretty bad one.
An alternative reading of the history of life with Professor Gabriela Mángano
1:30:50
Oxford University Museum of Natural History
Рет қаралды 31 М.
What triggered the Cambrian Explosion? with Professor Rachel Wood
1:17:21
Oxford University Museum of Natural History
Рет қаралды 162 М.
⬅️🤔➡️
00:31
Celine Dept
Рет қаралды 50 МЛН
Каха ограбил банк
01:00
К-Media
Рет қаралды 10 МЛН
Increíble final 😱
00:37
Juan De Dios Pantoja 2
Рет қаралды 109 МЛН
585-million-year-old tracks reveal evidence of the first animals on Earth
40:44
Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology
Рет қаралды 20 М.
Exploring alternative global stratigraphic correlations across the Ediacaran-Cambrian...-Fred Bowyer
1:23:25
February 2023- Paleontology in Review
36:16
Raptor Chatter
Рет қаралды 16 М.
Allan Savory v George Monbiot debate | Is livestock grazing essential to mitigating climate change?
1:30:14
Oxford University Museum of Natural History
Рет қаралды 62 М.
A world from a sheet of paper - Tadashi Tokieda
1:01:13
Oxford Mathematics
Рет қаралды 382 М.
Extraordinary soft-bodied fossils highlight the Cambrian explosion
1:15:11
Oxford University Museum of Natural History
Рет қаралды 44 М.
Using Amber to Investigate Dinosaurs and their Habitats
1:24:04
Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology
Рет қаралды 64 М.
How Bad Was The Great Oxidation Event?
26:49
History of the Earth
Рет қаралды 4,6 МЛН
The Ediacaran-Cambrian transition in the southern... - Emily (Emmy) Smith, Johns Hopkins University
1:13:11
Virtual Seminars in Precambrian Geology
Рет қаралды 1 М.
Insect Fossil Wonders with Dr Ricardo Pérez-de la Fuente
1:19:52
Oxford University Museum of Natural History
Рет қаралды 6 М.
⬅️🤔➡️
00:31
Celine Dept
Рет қаралды 50 МЛН