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Best Milk Cow Breeds in India
Gir
This cattle breed originates from Gir forests of South Kathiawar in Gujarat and are also found in adjacent Rajasthan and Maharashtra. It is also known as Bhadawari, Desan, Gujarati, Sorthi, Kathiawari, and Surati. The horns of gir cattle are peculiarly curved, giving a ‘half moon’ appearance. Its milk yield ranges from 1200 to 1800 kilograms per lactation. This bread is recognized for its hardiness & disease resistance.
Sahiwal
Sahiwal originated in the Montgomery region (now in Pakistan) of undivided India. This cattle breed is also known as Lola, Lambi Bar, Teli, Montgomery and Multani. Sahiwal is the best indigenous dairy breed in the country. The average milk yield of sahiwal is between 1400 & 2500 kilograms per lactation. Can be found in many parts of India like Haryana, Punjab, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh.
Red Sindhi
The red sindhi is mostly found in Karachi & Hyderabad district of neighboring Pakistan. It is also called as Sindhi and Red Karachi. The body colour of this cattle breed is basically red with shades varying from dark to red light and strips of white. Its milk yield ranges from 1100 to 2600 kilograms. Red sindhi is widely used in crossbreeding programmes.
Rathi
Rathi is another milch cattle breed that is found in the dry regions of Rajasthan. This breed is believed to have evolved from amalgamation of Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Tharparkar and Dhanni breeds with a prevalence of Sahiwal blood. The cattle are efficient and good milkers. They produce 1560 kilograms of milk and the lactation milk yield ranges from 1062 to 2810 kilograms.
Kankrej
This cattle breed originated from Southeast Rann of Kutch, Gujarat and neighboring Rajasthan (Barmer & Jodhpur district). The colour of the cattle varies from silver-grey to iron-grey / steel black. Kankrej is quite popular as it is fast, powerful and draught cattle. It is used for ploughing and carting. The cows are also good milkers and yield about 1400 kilograms per lactation.
Tharparkar
This breed originated in Tharparkar district (Pak) of undivided India and is also found in Rajasthan. It is also known as Gray Sindhi, White Sindhi and Thari. Tharparkar are medium sized cattle, with lyre-shaped horn. Their body colour is white/light grey. The bullocks are suitable for ploughing & casting. In addition it yields 1800 to 2600 kilograms of milk/lactation.
Hariana
Hariana breed originated from Rohtak, Jind, Hisar, & Gurgaon districts of Haryana but are equally popular in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and parts of Madhya Pradesh. The bullocks are considered as powerful work animals. Hariana cattle are fair milkers yielding 600 - 800 kilograms of milk per lactation.
Deoni
Deoni originated in Western Andhra Pradesh but are also found in Marathwada region of Maharashtra and neighboring Karnataka. The milk yield of deoni ranges from 636 - 1230 kilograms per lactation and their caving interval average is 447 days. The bullocks are used for heavy cultivation.
Malvi
Malvi is named after its place of origin viz. “Malwa” region. It is also known by synonyms as “Mahadeo puri” & “Manthani”. The breeding tract includes Rajgarh, Shajapur, Ratlam and Ujjain districts of Madhya Pradesh. Malvi cattle are white or white greyish - darker in males, with neck, shoulders, hump and quarters almost black. Cows and bullocks become nearly pure white with age. The horns are curved and emerge from the outer angle of the poll in an outward and upward direction and are about 20 - 25 cm in long. The animals are well known for quick transportation, endurance and ability to carry heavy load on rough roads. The animals of this breed are strong and well-built. The average milk yield in this breed is around 916 Kg per lactation with 4.3% fat and ranges from 627 Kg to 1227 Kg.
Gangatiri
Gangatiri is also known as Eastern Hariana or Shahabadi. The breeding tract includes Bhojpur district of Bihar and Varanasi, Mirzapur, Ghazipur and Ballia districts of Uttar Pradesh. The animals of this breed are medium milk producers and possess good draftability also. The colour is complete white (Dhawar) or Grey (Sokan). The horns are medium sized and emerge from side of the poll behind and above eyes in outward and curving upwards and inwards ending with pointed tips. The forehead is prominent, straight and broad with shallow groove in the middle. Eyelids, muzzle, hooves and tail switch are generally black in colour. The average milk yield in a lactation is around 1050 Kg, varying from 900 to 1200 Kg with an average fat of 4.9 %, varying from 4.1 to 5.2 %.
Other main breeds include Punganur, vechur, krishna, khillar, khasi etc among 43 listed breeds by icar.
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