Gravitational Waves Discovery - Sixty Symbols
Рет қаралды 297,564
8 жыл бұрынDiscussed by Ed Copeland and Mike Merrifield.
Extra footage from these interviews: • Gravitational Waves (e...
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This project features scientists from The University of Nottingham
bit.ly/NottsPhysics
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@ImprovedTruth 8 жыл бұрын
A fantastic C3PO impression: 5:48
@SamuelHauptmannvanDam 7 жыл бұрын
Made my day! Brilliant!
@123456sickofcounting 8 жыл бұрын
I love the passion these men have for science. You can fake a smile, even intellect. But a passion of that level is nearly beyond finite to replicate.
@CastelDawn 7 жыл бұрын
nicely said.
@lucasthompson1650 5 жыл бұрын
Search for "duchenne markers" … now nobody can fake a smile around you.
@Wardropulous 8 жыл бұрын
These two professors are probably my favourites to listen to of all Brady's channels. Their knowledge, how they explain things and how they talk all make for a great listening experience.
@RemizZ 8 жыл бұрын
I just love how genuinely excited they are about this :)
@cordx5068 8 жыл бұрын
+RemizZ No wonder - all the stuff is almost beyond comprehension:) I am excited myslef even though I am a scientific moron compared to the Sixty Symbols guys :)
@YuTe3712 8 жыл бұрын
Every time I see those two graphs aligned so well with each other, I feel shivers down my spine at just. how. awesome. it is that we could detect ripples in space-time. Ripples in space-time. Ripples in the true fabric of the universe. How. Awesome. Is. That.
@dammitdanFTW 8 жыл бұрын
+YuTe3712 you must go through a lot of tampons
@chadcastagana9181 5 жыл бұрын
Did you ever get out of the basement after watch Star Trek :-)
@DreckbobBratpfanne 5 жыл бұрын
But a sad note in this regard is, that because the NASA budget is so low, we don't have waaaay better detectors within satellites. There were two big plans, both got postponed decades :-/. LIGO has 4km arms, these satellites would've had 3 million km ones. These are so sensitive we could detect stuff we might not even know about.
@H0A0B123 8 жыл бұрын
That man is *Happy*.
@IMadeOfClay 8 жыл бұрын
I'm surprised neither Ed nor Mike detected the gravitational wave that ripped past the screen at 3:00.
@XxxclarityxxX 8 жыл бұрын
+MadeOf Clay xD
@freebiehughes9615 3 жыл бұрын
😂😂😁
@MatthiasVargas 8 жыл бұрын
I'm glad my home state of Louisiana was in the news for something that I'm not ashamed of
@CatnamedMittens 8 жыл бұрын
+MatthiasVargas Louisiana is great.
@CatnamedMittens 8 жыл бұрын
***** Lots of culture and historically significant. Nice people too.
@AlkisGD 8 жыл бұрын
The sheer _enormity_ of it all is mind boggling. ~30 solar mass objects moving at 60% light speed, emitting 3 solar masses worth of energy faster than a human can blink. Wow.
@Twitchi 8 жыл бұрын
Always love to see a bit of Ed, something about his style that really appeals to me :D
@Pow3llMorgan 8 жыл бұрын
+Twitchi It's the sign of a good teacher. A very good one :)
@squimped 8 жыл бұрын
Indeed! He seems so incredibly friendly and is almost always smiling. He's the kind of guy I could sit and listen to forever.
@darealtuck4420 8 жыл бұрын
tide goes in tide goes out, you can't explain that
@philipchristiansen1495 8 жыл бұрын
+Invalid Pleb hahahahaa
@erictaylor5462 8 жыл бұрын
+Invalid Pleb Dr. Tyson to ER Stat. Dr. Tyson to ER stat.
@aussiepassenger 8 жыл бұрын
+Invalid Pleb Haha mate, exactly my thought when that bit came XD
@whopperlover1772 8 жыл бұрын
Huh?
@911gpd 8 жыл бұрын
where does this come from ? please ;)
@PhysicsPolice 8 жыл бұрын
7:00 This absolutely blows my mind.
@greenanubis 8 жыл бұрын
+PhysicsPolice And most of it was generated in fifth of a second!
@PhysicsPolice 8 жыл бұрын
I know, right? That luminosity, though...
@TheLuxma 8 жыл бұрын
Ed is just adorable
@chadcastagana9181 5 жыл бұрын
If you like dweebs
@billyhendrix5544 3 жыл бұрын
Who's ed
@hughoxford8735 3 жыл бұрын
Don’t be fooled. In his spare time he’s a notorious gang land enforcer with a hair trigger temper.
@SaraBearRawr0312 8 жыл бұрын
Despite this being a very complex topic, this was probably one of the best explained videos from sixty symbols.
@bonbonpony 8 жыл бұрын
+TJW595 If this was "best explained", then I don't wanna see their other videos :p
@SaraBearRawr0312 8 жыл бұрын
+Bon Bon you ought to try their video on the higgs
@bonbonpony 8 жыл бұрын
TJW595 I'm not sure my nerves can bear that. They're already devastated by "scientific" programs on Discovery Channel :/
@joelproko 8 жыл бұрын
Ed seems to be an extremely sympatical guy. Love that smile of his.
@anon6514 8 жыл бұрын
3 solar masses in a fifth of a second? 3 x (2x10^30 kg) x 5 x (3x10^8 m/s)^2 = 2.7x10^48 Watts. wow. intense.
@Petr75661 8 жыл бұрын
+Anon yeah, about the sound output of the Disaster Area, a plutonium rock band from the Gagrakacka Mind Zones (generally held to be the loudest rock band in the Galaxy)
@danmcann94 8 жыл бұрын
+Anon spectacular and at the same time kinda hard to believe. my question is: if you would have watched the event from a close distance, would you have had felt and seen the squeezing and stretching of space time? for such a gigantic amount of energy the implications close to the black holes must have been enormous
@Kavetrol 8 жыл бұрын
+Dan M You are made of space-time. It would rip you apart.
@fruitduck604 5 жыл бұрын
wrong. the unit is joules. watt has an extra s^-1 in its base units.
@chadcastagana9181 5 жыл бұрын
How many FOEs is that?
@GodWorksOut 8 жыл бұрын
This is all so exciting and the way they speak about it enthusiastically makes it so much better! ^_^
@rumfordc 8 жыл бұрын
+GodWorksOut how is it exciting? this result was already predicted as they mentioned
@rumfordc 8 жыл бұрын
***** meh, i feel you get diminishing returns after the prediction itself. einstein discovering relativity is more exciting than other people discovering he was right, after all millions of kids are fascinated by relativity in school without any means to experiment with it. Clearly the excitement is in the revelation rather than its visibility
@garethdean6382 8 жыл бұрын
+Rumford Chimpenstein Because there's always the possibility of failure. Always the possibility that there's nothing there. That this neat theory you believe in, that's been so right, so long, finally hits a stumbling block. That all your effort, expense, time, calculation and hope were in vain. But when you can stand there, with that result and say 'We did this, we small lumps of meat held up by chalk sticks built a machine to peer into the most powerful yet least visible events in the universe and succeeded!' that is truly a moment to be treasured.
@BlackBobby69 8 жыл бұрын
Always a pleasure seeing you go back to the classic style of Sixty Symbols video with two professionals independently explaining the topic.
@michaelsheffield6852 8 жыл бұрын
The Joy of the descriptions is beautiful.
@ashwith 8 жыл бұрын
We now need a video of Prof Copeland going to LIGO so that we can see his LHC reaction again :)
@EugeneKhutoryansky 8 жыл бұрын
Looking forward to the day when we have many more gravitational wave detectors, each of which is far more accurate than the two we have now.
@vegarsc 8 жыл бұрын
+Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky I guess the next step is building these detectors in space, just as optical telescopes have been placed in space to get rid of noise. Edit: Also looking forward to your awesome animations to further illustrate this phenomenon.
@ShaneClough 8 жыл бұрын
I'm not sure that these detectors would work in space. I have a feeling that there would be some kind of relativistic effects messing up the laser calibration due to the fact that they would be in orbit. I could be wrong though.
@GumbootMan 8 жыл бұрын
+Shane Clough (BRUTALBREAKD0WN) Relativistic effects are minor at orbital speeds, and can easily be corrected for due to the extremely predictable motion of objects in space. In fact the EU is already planning to launch a space-based version of LIGO, which is called eLISA, with a tentative launch date set for 2034.
@ShaneClough 8 жыл бұрын
Paul Bartrum Yeah, after I commented that I realised that it probably wasn't correct. I mean, they do relativistic corrections for GPS satellites as is. Either way, thanks for the clarification.
@Ducksauce33 6 жыл бұрын
Looking forward to the day when you have even more weird owls in your videos then you have now.
@steve1978ger 8 жыл бұрын
Awesome, been waiting for this. Thank you very much!
@lukasmorkunas9356 8 жыл бұрын
I love sixty symbols, I wait, check every other day to see if there is a new upload. :) Such a great channel.
@aetherseraph 8 жыл бұрын
I've watched every video on this topic, and this is hands down the best one. great job Brady...
@ReneMalingre 8 жыл бұрын
I love these two. Very different personalities, very complementary. Excellent editing to get the two interviews merged into one explanation.
@MrDrewbies 8 жыл бұрын
I will always appreciate all of Brady's channels, this was fascinating.
@HeliumXenonKrypton 6 жыл бұрын
Thank you for these invaluable contributions toward the refinement of KZfaq. Sincerely, thank you.
@sitearm 8 жыл бұрын
really nicely produced, Brady ty!
@MechaKillWhitey 8 жыл бұрын
You've really nailed the acoustics. On the topic, it is amazing to be alive before and after the confirmation of gravitational waves. Love all your videos Brady.
@SunajVon 7 жыл бұрын
Thank you everyone who participated in this video, for the time and work put into it, and thank you for SHARING this with us :)
@CybranM 8 жыл бұрын
This is one of my favourite sixty symbols videos so far, very interesting topic and very well explained
@kevindurm5234 8 жыл бұрын
IVE BEEN WAITING FOR THIS VIDEO FOR WEEKS THANK YOU THANK YOU!!
@zubmit700 8 жыл бұрын
This is really interesting and I love how they explain what's happening. More of them! :)
@kpbuzz 8 жыл бұрын
3 solar masses worth gravitational waves!!!!!!!!!!!!! *MINDBLOWN*
@Kavetrol 8 жыл бұрын
+Krishna Prasad Hiroshima was destroyed by less than 1 gram. Lets compare it to mass of the Sun times 3.
@kpbuzz 8 жыл бұрын
Kavetrol PRECISELY!!!!!!
@123456sickofcounting 8 жыл бұрын
that is mindblowing. Literally.
@maxgrass8134 8 жыл бұрын
Mindblowing yes, but expanding in 3D for Billion Years - and the energy required to still be measured here on earth - you can imagine that a huge initial energy was required!!!
@sergheiadrian 8 жыл бұрын
Thank you Brady and thanks the professors for this video.
@markskilbeck 8 жыл бұрын
I took one of Ed's modules earlier and in the year, and I would just like to say that he is even more adorable in person.
@trimanemckenzie3943 8 жыл бұрын
I've been waiting on this for sooooo long !
@musa4539 8 жыл бұрын
i love this channel
@KeeganLeahy 8 жыл бұрын
yay. there are my favourite videos of yours, Brady.
@SamuelHauptmannvanDam 8 жыл бұрын
This is amazing. It's insane how amazing it is. The effort and man power it takes for these detections to be made. Crazy.
@sharonthegreat5264 8 жыл бұрын
Thank very much! You answered all of my questions.
@joedasilva134 6 жыл бұрын
Awesome video !
@cassandra5322 8 жыл бұрын
Speechless, this is like a dream come true.
@SSmitar 8 жыл бұрын
The way both of them corrected "Super-Massive Black hole" to "Fairly Massive Black-hole" was quite intriguing. I think, which goes to show that if you are a Physicist, you just can't throw words around even if they are esoteric.
@KeyMan137 8 жыл бұрын
+Smit Ramteke They're not esoteric. There are different classifications of black holes based on their mass, angular momentum, and charge: Class Mass Size Supermassive black hole ~105-1010 MSun ~0.001-400 AU Intermediate-mass black hole ~103 MSun ~103 km ≈ REarth Stellar black hole ~10 MSun ~30 km Micro black hole up to ~MMoon up to ~0.1 mm
@gauravcheema 8 жыл бұрын
I have thought of gravitational waves countless number of times and have seen countless number of videos. Yet every next time i think about it, i never fail to get chills. Every damn time.
@dAvrilthebear 8 жыл бұрын
You've told lots of amasing details about these event: for example how the black holes came together, orbiting at 60% of c and releasing tgis much energy, etc. Thank you so much!
@tonycmac 8 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this explanation - I found it to be amazing and enlightening.
@themac3116 8 жыл бұрын
I have been waiting for this video
@azyfloof 8 жыл бұрын
It takes me ages to do any housework, because every now and then I'll stop what I'm doing, and just think about how amazing everything is :O
@GeirGunnarss 8 жыл бұрын
+Azayles Agreed, that is also why i cringe when i hear a religious person say that science has removed the wonder and beauty of nature. They forget that they only get to experience the wonder and awe of the surface features while we get to stand in awe at everything from the quantum to the macro.
@azyfloof 8 жыл бұрын
GeirGunnarss Oh I know! While they can only look at "Creation" on the surface, we can look much deeper and see a nearly _infite_ tapestry of beauty and wonder. There is always something more amazing, more incredible and more utterly mind blowing to learn, and so far we're only scratching the surface! The religious get their teachings from an unchanging unyielding book from 2000 plus years ago, whereas we have the majesty of the _entire universe_.
@tcunero 8 жыл бұрын
This is why I love science. So many people, working together on something so complex, it was only possible from the efforts of previous individuals, all to better understand the universe. Their work will pave the road to the future. Thank you!
@anyportinastormqwert 7 жыл бұрын
Amazing video guys, Thanks :)
@HerrLavett 8 жыл бұрын
Nice video. Thank you!
@MarxistKnight 8 жыл бұрын
The experiments that detected the gravitational waves make me proud to be human.
@j7ndominica051 8 жыл бұрын
It blows my mind that they could detect oscillations with amplitude less than a nucleus. Amazing engineering.
@David_Last_Name 8 жыл бұрын
+j7ndominica0 It is, but consider that once we get some space based LIGO detectors going, the sensitivity will go up by orders of magnitude. Since the sensitivity is based on the size of the LIGO arms (today it's at 2.5 miles), and space is already a vacuum, you can place 2 satellites as far apart as you wanted to and just bounce a laser between them. 10,000 miles? 1 million miles? 1 billion? All technically possible. It will be like going from Galileo's first telescope to the Hubble. lol.
@kalidesu 8 жыл бұрын
+David Stagg Space isn't empty. I believe even Einstein talked about the aether in the 1920's, the QT clown's call it Quantum fluid.
@David_Last_Name 8 жыл бұрын
kalidesu Space is not 100% empty, correct. But neither are the vacuums we can create here on Earth. In fact compared to the best vacuums we can create, space is actually EMPTIER then our vacuums. So for the purposes of a LIGO detector, space works better then the vacuum tubes we are currently using. But Einstein actually disproved the aether concept. He certainly didn't promote it, and CERTAINLY not in the 1920's when relativity was already firmly established. I'm not really sure what you are bringing up there.
@kalidesu 8 жыл бұрын
"Einstein actually disproved the aether concept" Not really it was just inconvenient to his relativity theory. Einstein borrowed a lot concepts from other scientist at the time, so his work was on the back of giants.
@David_Last_Name 8 жыл бұрын
kalidesu Not just inconvenient, Einsteins theory completely did away with the aether concept. His theory satisfied the propogation of light paradox without needing the aether at all, rendering the concept pointless. Because it became pointless and redundant, the notion of the aether stopped there.
@TheBigBigBlues 8 жыл бұрын
Incredible stuff, explained perfectly.
@jacquieo9960 7 жыл бұрын
how lovely is Ed Copeland
@ChaosPootato 8 жыл бұрын
Love those guys, they always make it that much more interesting :D
@crsm42 8 жыл бұрын
Congrats Brady, Ed and Mike. Another fascinating, engaging Sixty Symbols. at 7:14 Mike explains that 3 solar masses of energy are converted to gravitational wave in a fraction of a second; more power output than all the stars in the observable universe. Wow! Astrophysics is awesome! Thanks guys.
@JimFortune 8 жыл бұрын
So the source of the detected gravity waves was long ago in a galaxy far away?
@somebody566 8 жыл бұрын
so this could have been the deathstar exploding!?
@wthilmi 8 жыл бұрын
U watched too much Star Wars
@JimFortune 8 жыл бұрын
Juan Fredic Carlos I've actually only seen 4 episodes.
@hasnaosama7185 8 жыл бұрын
Je ygg+François Girard
@CastelDawn 8 жыл бұрын
+Jim Fortune only 3 are worth watching anyway
@Dolkarr 8 жыл бұрын
I've heard that as light waves get weaker and weaker with distance, at some point it starts to look like the source of light is flashing as individual photons hit the detector one by one. Does the fact that we're not observing this with gravitational waves mean that there is no "gravity carrying" particle, or just that the ones we detected were still too strong to behave like particles?
@GumbootMan 8 жыл бұрын
+Dolkarr The latter. Individual gravitons, if they exist, are so weak that some physicists believe that we will never be able to detect them directly. As an example of just how hard it would be, if you were to scale up the LIGO experiment so that they were sensitive enough to detect individual gravitons, the mirrors would be so massive that they would immediately collapse into black holes. (And this is assuming the mirrors are constructed as physically perfect as the quantum uncertainty principle allows.)
@CatnamedMittens 8 жыл бұрын
I was waiting for this video!
@stefanozurich 8 жыл бұрын
Is this the same Mittens from Thoorins videos?
@CatnamedMittens 8 жыл бұрын
stefanozurich Yes.
@stefanozurich 8 жыл бұрын
CatnamedMittens Cool, have a nice day.
@CatnamedMittens 8 жыл бұрын
stefanozurich You too.
@subinmdr 8 жыл бұрын
I was waiting for this video :)
@accadia50 7 жыл бұрын
"This huge amount of energy required this desperately accurate detector in order to be able to find the gravitational waves." 9:30 Hearing Dr. Copeland laugh at how incredible the science is makes my heart sing.
@kummarluv 8 жыл бұрын
Basically timey-wimey is very wibbly-wobbly.
@cordx5068 8 жыл бұрын
+Kumar Luv Oh, you fuddy-daddy.. ;)
@tomhamilton5707 8 жыл бұрын
So wonderful - thank you!
@ZimoNitrome 8 жыл бұрын
Gravitational Waves are dank af
@insu_na 8 жыл бұрын
+ZimoNitrome Imagine if gravitational waves could constructively interfere.
@TheExoticDarkness 8 жыл бұрын
+d3rrial Best dubstep ever
@Algebrodadio 8 жыл бұрын
+d3rrial They can.
@insu_na 8 жыл бұрын
Aaron Wolbach Can gravitational waves be created by humans (obviously not at black hole scale) or are even the weakest of gravitational waves impossible to create artificially with our current technology?
@wingracer1614 8 жыл бұрын
+d3rrial Move. You just created a gravitational wave.
@erithacustexas3907 6 жыл бұрын
Bravo LIGO!
@7Somerset 8 жыл бұрын
Finally! Yes! Thank you!
@bobbynikkhah1868 8 жыл бұрын
MOAR PLEASE
@Deuce1042 8 жыл бұрын
I was just at LIGO in Louisiana in March. Really cool place!
@AussieTerra 8 жыл бұрын
This is great to listen to whilst scanning neutron/black hole fields in Elite:Dangerous!
@pablo_brianese 8 жыл бұрын
Finally!!!! So happy!
@juanchetumare 7 жыл бұрын
I love how their personalities are kind of opposed but their minds so similar.
@PTNLemay 8 жыл бұрын
the whole thing is so exciting.
@gnlaera123 8 жыл бұрын
Good stuff
@ciCCapROSTi 8 жыл бұрын
Movie frozen. Well, I'm pretty sure there were no black holes in Frozen.
@devilaverage6718 8 жыл бұрын
+shinarit That's racist. :)
@omegasrevenge 8 жыл бұрын
FINALLY!!!!! *Kreygasm* I love you guys so much Q_Q
@pavphone2616 8 жыл бұрын
I love it when Professor Copeland gets excited :-)
@ajayreactor 8 жыл бұрын
Most awaited episode on sixty symbols
@Ivo-- 8 жыл бұрын
The experiment reminds me of the Michaelson-Morley experiment.
@monkeyboy4746 8 жыл бұрын
+spankmeister Yes, is it possible to measure a phenomenon when the ruler you are using is undergoing the same phenomenon.
@frankschneider6156 8 жыл бұрын
+spankmeister Actually it's exactly the same technology used (well MM probably didn't use lasers, but in principle).
@gamesbok 7 жыл бұрын
MM used an oil lamp.
@mauronarf 8 жыл бұрын
NOW I understood it well. Thanks! :)
@gunnarinn90 8 жыл бұрын
super interesting!
@briansu6324 8 жыл бұрын
love mike's watch
@nonyadamnbusiness9887 6 жыл бұрын
I'm glad the question of false positives was addressed. My first thought was how could it work with thermal expansion, tides, and tremors constantly upsetting the detector.
@BunnyFett 8 жыл бұрын
Wow, so amazing.
@lauragabriela-duke4685 8 жыл бұрын
Love these guys! Great ;)
@joetylerdale 7 жыл бұрын
Oh, how I enjoy this!
@kingpopaul 8 жыл бұрын
Are the wave/ripples uniform in any direction or are they stronger on the plane where the black holes were rotating? Those 2d representations are not optimal to represent things with more dimensions...
@jerrytomas3136 8 жыл бұрын
I would think that the waves would be 3 dimensional
@papa515 8 жыл бұрын
+kingpopaul This article "... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_wave ..." does talk about this a bit.
@kingpopaul 8 жыл бұрын
Jerry Tomas Obviously they are 3 dimensional entities. My point is: 2 items rotate on a single plane like most galaxies, that rotation makes waves. How are those waves in 3 dimension though.
@kingpopaul 8 жыл бұрын
Zach Cox I skimmed through it but, the polarization of the waves probably depend on the position of the observer in relation to the rotational plane of the object generating waves. That's another interesting point.
@danpope3812 8 жыл бұрын
+kingpopaul don't quote me. but i think they would be stronger on the plane where the two line up. because if you were standing in front of iton this plane you would only see one object but feel both. good question.
@Ti133700N 8 жыл бұрын
5:03 Didn't know the movie _Frozen_ was about two black holes merging together. Now I understand the lyrics: _Let it go, let it go!_
@tomneedham1937 7 жыл бұрын
One of the best mini-dissertations on gravity waves I have seen! But Brady - I have a request which may sound a bit silly - but here it is anyway: Will you do a video of Ed Copeland walking through and trying to explain some of the equations we always see behind his head on his chalk board? I do not believe anyone is able to understand them or what they imply. If Ed does, please have him tell us mere mortals what the equations mean or imply. Thank you!
@mattgibson6257 8 жыл бұрын
This is really kewl. Just like my wording for cool.
@errmoc5682 7 жыл бұрын
Is Ed Copeland the greatest human being alive?
@MrHarsh3600 7 жыл бұрын
Err Moc no
@Kommandant7 7 жыл бұрын
but very nearly.
@Alexagrigorieff 7 жыл бұрын
The graphics are incorrect. The waves are drawn with pretty short wavelength, but it cannot be shorter than the orbit's half-circumference. More than that, the wavelength near to the system is a bit shorter, than the wavelength farther away, because of time dilation. The rotation period we observe in a few last moments is longer than a local observer would see.
@ColdCutz 8 жыл бұрын
I got to visit the LIGO in Livingston last November, and they mentioned that earthquakes can actually knock the mirrors out of calibration.
@FranqiePR 8 жыл бұрын
Incredible
@parttroll1 8 жыл бұрын
Its an incredible Universe we live in. An amazing feat of the scientists to detect these incredibly minute effects.
@gustavderkits8433 8 жыл бұрын
Liked but you should make another video with experimentalist a who know more about the specifics. Try Sheffield and Glasgow
@NoahSpurrier Жыл бұрын
At 6:50 it’s mentioned that some energy is lost as gravitational waves, so the merged black holes have less mass than what was started with. But I thought that energy could not exit a black hole (ignoring Hawking radiation). What accounts for the mass lost when black holes merge?
@Mekratrig 8 жыл бұрын
So, Professors Ed and Mike - why haven't the supar Ligo detectors detected any othar graviton waves since the initial announcement?
@AstroMikeMerri 8 жыл бұрын
They may have done: stay tuned!
@innertubez 8 жыл бұрын
That space between the black holes must have been hellish. Imagine being able to see from a safe distance the two black holes orbiting each other at 0.6 c.
HIMAWARIちゃんねる
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