Guddifachaa is an ingenious, indigenous and endogenous childcare practice, which has been practiced and is practiced in a ritual way by the Oromo society. Guddifachaa is a voluntary system of customary adoption in which birth families and adoptive parents have an arrangement of bringing up an adoptee based on Safuu in general and cultural norms, values, rituals, and obligations in particular. Previous studies showed that guddifachaa as customary adoption should be supported rather than replaced by formal adoption; and despite its indigenity, it has been facing various challenges.