Here's a Question! - Ice in a Glass
Рет қаралды 3,708
Күн бұрынIce is added to a glass of water so that the ice floats freely. What happens to the level of the water when the ice melts?
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#archimedesprinciple #buoyancy #heresaquestion
@PerspectiveEngineer Жыл бұрын
All time great!
@thomashammett6851 Жыл бұрын
fun. Thanks.
@Queen_Nyxie Жыл бұрын
Every time I watch one of these videos, I'm reminded of just how dumb I am.
@sudhanshu2802 Жыл бұрын
It's like I'm having a challenge. I feel so good after answering correctly. Although, I had second thoughts about this one. I thought the water would stay the same after the ice melts down but as you had the 3rd option and because it was different than the others. I thought the water level would rise after coming to room temperature as it would expand.
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
The glass will expand, too, although it isn't likely that it would exactly offset what the water is doing. You're also losing some water through evaporation. And, early on, you're gaining some water due to condensation. End result - the 'measure by eye' answer is that the level stays the same. In the real world with more precise measuring... I'd expect some change in the level. Whether that's an increase or a decrease depends on a lot of things, though.
@sudhanshu2802 Жыл бұрын
@@JeffersonLab Now this led to another question popping in my head. As the universe is expanding, do we expand with it or just the fabric of spacetime?
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
We do not expand with the universe. There is a theory of how the universe will end, called the Big Rip, where the expansion of the universe accelerates to the point where individual atoms are ripped apart by the expansion of space-time. However, it appears as if it is likely that the density of the universe is sufficiently high to prevent this from happening. So, for the moment at least, the electromagnetic force between atoms, and the gravitational force between objects within individual galaxies, is strong enough to keep them from being 'expanded' as the universe expands.
@sudhanshu2802 Жыл бұрын
@@JeffersonLab Isn't there another theory, if I'm not wrong called the Big Bubble or the Big bounce? In which the universe starts shrinking/ collapsing back to singularity. Also, before the Big Rip occurs, all the fundamental building blocks, even quarks, would have decayed already. (I don't remember surely, I'm confused bw electrons having a half life of a billion years or was it quarks). The only thing remaining would be pure energy after the last black hole evaporates. Sadly, Big Rip won't have anything to tear apart. Big Rip: I'll leave you to shreds! Universe: I've got nothing to lose man
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
Yes. There is the 'Cyclic Universe' model and the related 'Big Crunch' model. But, it seems more likely that the universe will continue to expand until heat death. Protons may decay (it has never been observed, but some theories require it). The half-life would be nothing like a billion years (10^6 years), but around 10^34 years. Electrons are believed to be stable. Quarks are believed to be stable in so much as they may decay into other types of quarks, but they wouldn't decay into other types of particles.
@chuckaway6580 Жыл бұрын
Did some working out in a notebook. Here's a way to think about it.The initial apparent volume (as measured by the water line) is the sum of the initial volume of the water in the glass and the initial volume of submerged ice. The final apparent volume is the sum of the final volume of the water in the glass and the final volume of submerged ice. The final volume of the water in the glass goes up by the volume of ice that melted into water. The final volume of submerged ice decreases by the volume of melted water (not melted ice), since the buoyant force can float that much less in equivalent water weight. The two changes in volume cancel out. Now that's still a bit hand-wavy. If you want total satisfaction, you can just draw a few force diagrams and explicitly show that the initial apparent volume is equal to the final apparent volume. You'll need to use mass conservation and newton's 2nd law (with no acceleration) for both the initial and final state of the ice cube. Turn on algebra autopilot with the 3 equations thus furnished, and the desired equality of apparent volumes falls out.
@mikecarman8673 18 күн бұрын
Why go to all that, when you can just full a glass with ice, and put water in till it is at the top of the glass, wait till ice has melted and see if it has over flowed or stayed the same or gone down.. simple.. did it with our grandchildren and the water did not over flow, from memory I think it went down a bit...
@Drac0n0id Жыл бұрын
My first instinct was right, but I overcomplicated it in my head and got it wrong. Still love these vids, keep it up y'all!
@NagendraYadav-nc1gu Жыл бұрын
❤❤
@shaishavtiwari7208 Жыл бұрын
I thought similar but the ice which is floating in the glass is displacing not only the water but air inside the empty part of the glass as well, as it is not fully immersed. Hence on melting, the part of ice which is outside of the water while floating, should increase the level....maybe!!
@PerspectiveEngineer Жыл бұрын
So how much of the entire earths atmosphere is that ice in that glass displacing again?
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
The amount of air displaced is equal to the volume of the ice cube that's above the water line. The total volume of the Earth's atmosphere really doesn't come into play (unless you want to get picky about how the actual value of sea level air pressure comes about). It's the amount of displacement that matters, not what fraction of the total is that displacement.
@syntaxusdogmata3333 Жыл бұрын
Interesting! So, what happens if the ice is submerged and held down?
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
If the ice is submerged and held down, then it is displacing its volume in water, not its weight. Since water expands when it freezes, the submerged ice displaces more volume than it would if the ice were a liquid. As the ice melts, the level of the water would decrease.
@syntaxusdogmata3333 Жыл бұрын
@@JeffersonLab And here I figured this would be demonstrated in your next video... 😉
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
Oh... Yeah... That might have been a good one.
@SKINxSLAYER Жыл бұрын
Mr wizard did this experiment in the 80s.. totally debunks polar ice caps melting and global warming.
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
Not sure what you think is being debunked. If ice is floating, like the north polar ice cap, then it is already displacing sea water and, if it melts, it does not increase the sea level. Ice that is on land, like Greenland or Antartica, isn't currently displacing sea water. If it melts, and that water then flows into the ocean, it will increase sea level. Same would be true if you were to push the ice off of the land and into the water. Anything 'new' going into the ocean will increase sea level.
@arjujannaka9807 Жыл бұрын
I first watched Steve and Joanna’s videos in middle school, and now I’m a middle school teacher and they don’t age WHAT??
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
We recorded every Frostbite Theater video over a grueling four-week recording session back in 2008 and we have been slowly releasing the videos ever since.
@trashboi-bk Жыл бұрын
Cold cuts, No bologna!
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
Just science!
@GLUKOVICH Жыл бұрын
The truth is: it depends. The answer depends on how exactly does the ice "floats freely". Since "floats freely" is vague definition. The ice could float entierly below the surface. And the ice could float in a way when some of its volume is above the surface. Even in your experiment the level of the water rises a little (1 millimeter or so, but it's really few, it's hard to tell with captured image from the camera, but I see that the difference really exist). Also, it depends on how dense is the ice. The ice could contain some air inside of it (that white opaque thing in the ice is actually less dense structure of ice crystals that contains air inside of it) or another gas. Sorry, I just couldn't agree with you solid conclusion after such uncertain initial conditions that you tell us. The conditions must be more certain: ice is clear and transparent, and it floats beneath or in equality with the surface. If so, then yes, the level wouldn't rise.
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
"Float freely" means that it floats without outside interference. Regular water ice cannot be made to float entirely below the surface of fresh water. If you have seen an ice cube that was somehow completely below the surface of the water, it was either frozen to the side of the container or it was being held down by something. Either way, it wouldn't have been floating freely. Also, air trapped in the ice cube does not make a difference. Let's say that there's a huge air bubble that takes up half the volume of the ice cube. The ice cube will still displace its weight in water, it's just that its weight is half that of a 'completely filled' ice cube. When it melts, it's still going to make an amount of water that's equal to its weight. Or, consider this... Suppose there was a tunnel through the ice that connected the bubble to the air with an 'ice door' that can be opened and closed without melting or otherwise affecting the ice. Does the ice cube float higher when the 'ice door' is closed or open (when the air bubble is completely surrounded by ice or when the air bubble isn't 'trapped')? You would get a difference if the ice cube were denser than water, say by freezing some ball bearings in it. Then, since the ice cube would be completely submerged, it would be displacing its volume in water, not its weight. As the ice melted, it would produce a volume of water less than the volume of the ice that melted. In that case, the level of the water would drop.
@LebrelZ Жыл бұрын
But water density is supposed to change with temperature... (although it remains constant at 0 C while there's ice)...
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
Yes, you'll get some changes due to the change in density. The glass itself is also changing slightly as the temperature changes. At a higher level of precision, these changes would be detectable. 'Checking level of water in a drinking glass' doesn't get you there, though. Maybe with a volumetric flask??
@NACAM42 Жыл бұрын
I remember Mr Wizzard doing this experiment and being amazed.
@waseem5961 Жыл бұрын
The level rises
@dirtymike4894 Жыл бұрын
Let me guess, there's more to this coming? Seems like that's the pattern when you start with an easy one.
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
Actually, no. The general feeling was that this one was almost too basic, so we scheduled it for a day we assumed was going to be low traffic anyway. Oddly, though, the early viewership numbers are very good, at least when judged against others in this series. Is it because general posting in low, so there isn't as much competition? Because people are at home and not at school? Because we really don't understand anything about how the KZfaq algorithm works and our assumptions are completely off base? Same thing happened with the 'boat placed in water' question. That was intentionally scheduled for Election Day in the U.S., which is a day when a lot of schools are closed. We assumed that was going to be a relatively low viewership day as well, and that also had a good early response.
@dirtymike4894 Жыл бұрын
@@JeffersonLab Well, it's a good series. I'm not surprised people like it, and this particular lesson is good to know. Things always seem easy when you already know the answer. Judging from the comments, looks like I have a little of that going on when I thought it was easy.
@jamesmoore5630 Жыл бұрын
My great uncle co-invented fracking in 1927, in Chickasha, Oklahoma. He went on to Co-found JPL, in Pasadena, California. I said that the water would go down. It will go up first, then down. However, it depends on the size and shape of the ice. Do you know the difference between, "New Ice," and "Old Ice???" New Ice, has sharp edges which make foam. Old ice is rounded and smooth, and will not increase the bubbles in a "Soda." Rotating the ice in an ice bin will produce a better quality; "Soda!!!" Brother James OSB
@sudhanshu2802 Жыл бұрын
Is there anything mixed in old ice and new ice or it's actually called so because it's literally old?
@shine3 Жыл бұрын
i was wrong😅
@jamesmoore5630 Жыл бұрын
I love showing people this trick!!! Fill the glass overfull with ice. Add water until the water level is at the rim of the glass. Then wait. Because ice floats, 2/3 of the ice will be under water!!! As the ice melts the water level will go down!!! So, if Antarctica melts, it will lower sea level, not raise it!!! Brother James Kendall Moore OSB OFS OSC University of Oklahoma, Norman, School of Meteorology.(1989-95)
@JeffersonLab Жыл бұрын
If Antarctica melts, the sea level will definitely rise. Most of that ice isn't floating - it's sitting on land. Since the bulk of that ice isn't currently displacing sea water, its volume will count should it ever melt and find its way to the sea. The north polar ice cap is different. Since it's floating, it's already affecting the sea level. If the north polar ice cap grows or shrinks, the sea level stays the same. Same thing with any of the Antarctic ice shelves. If it's floating, it's already affecting the sea level. If it isn't floating, it will change the sea level once it gets into the sea.
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