Sites that become extremely popular have to deal with consistent increases in monthly traffic, which can slow down the experience for everyone involved. A well designed load balancer will efficiently distribute incoming network traffic across a group of backend servers.
A load balancer acts as the “traffic cop” sitting in front of your servers and routing client requests across all servers capable of fulfilling those requests in a manner that maximizes speed and capacity utilization and ensures that no one server is overworked, which could degrade performance. If a single server goes down, the load balancer redirects traffic to the remaining online servers. When a new server is added to the server group, the load balancer automatically starts to send requests to it.
Load balancing is everywhere, most often starts at the DNS level and can choose any server selection strategy based on the system design.
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