Very good job answering a very complex question. Most would have simply said it was to complex to answer. But you went out of your way to make a very good attempt at giving good estimates !

Please write a book so we can all benefit from your knowledge! Or a series of books. I’m 48 and I have just now in my life realized that I love farming. The knowledge that you have over your lifetime is invaluable. I wish I had learned at a young age that I knew what I wanted to do with my life.

PaMac, Up in the Blue Ridge Mountains of NC I have made hay with European snath scythe and hay rake for a couple years, and using a three tined pitchfork have made Romanian style haystacks which were very successful. These haystacks are another way to store hay for winter is you don't have means to bale it or haul it to a barn. I recommend a video by you on how to do this from beginning to end, or from soup to nuts.

PA Mac that old ford of yours is one of the best tractors ever. We have a Ford 3400. When my dad bought his new 65 horse JD he contemplated selling the Ford. I said "Dont do that. You'll need the Ford to help load the new tractor on the trailer when it breaks." Sure enough. Broken sensor. Used the 3400 to load it on the trailer.

Thanks for the great information Pa Mac, you're really helping lots of folks out with all you share on youtube. Keep up the great work and super good videos. Fred.

I really wish more people would watch your videos. Very entertaining. I've been enjoying you for the last few years on and off. Thanks for the videos man

PaMac, I worked on a farm when I was younger. We baled 65 lb. baled average

We live in Montana and the winters shift from year to year as Pa Mac shared. We have had a very mild dry winter thus far this winter season. This makes those of us dependent on hay for feed uneasy, but we will pray for rain. We have a Jersey Guernsey cross cow (she is larger like a Guernsey) her 9-month-old heifer calf and three goat does, and we've probably used 5 ton of hay this winter so far. We purchased 8 ton just to be prepared for a colder winter, so what is left over, we will add to fill back up the hay loft, which will hold 8+ ton of hay. It's better than a savings account because hay purchased on a plentiful year the cost will be reduced, verses a dry year where hay is more scarce. We use small square bales, weighing 75-80# each and a bale will last for three feedings on average, but we also offer a flake of alfalfa with the grass hay, so that bale last for approx. 4 feedings. Hope this helps, Pa Mac did a wonderful job explaining as always.

awesome video as always Pa Mac, the question someone made how much one can cut with a scythe is around an acre by an experienced mower in about 10 hours, on average per hour it would be a tenth of an acre mowing with a scythe from a book I have read. For does that would like dairy goats instead of a cow or cows, on average the land base and feed for a single cow is the same amount as for 5 goats

We had a great season for hay last year because of good rains, but boy was it tricky getting a 3 day sunny window to make it! Lost a lot of mine, but thankfully a neighbor was better at it than me.

Thanks PaMac, Its great to see you posting again! Sure missed your awesome videos. BTW, your pole barn was an inspiration to me, I built one myself!!! Thank you. I hope someday to come visit your store in person and maybe stay the night!

3% of the animals weight in dry matter per day is a fairly acceptable conversion. There are plenty of variables we could calculate into that simplistic number( feed quality,weather, desired rate of gain or milk production etc.) but 3% works well.

Rule of Thumb: Daily hay requirement is 3% of total cow weight. Multiply by the number of days feeding hay and you'll know how much hay you need for the season. A typical 4x5 round bale of grass hay weighs 800 lbs and a 5x5 round bale 1000 lbs. A small square bale is 40 to 50 lbs.

Great videos thank you

Small hobby farm , startup , buy an old small tractor with a small square baler and hay rake pull type . Usually cheap as farmers only want BIG equipment these days . My family farm did well on 200 acres with this type of equipment for 3 generations . usually 70 acres pasture cut for 2 times and the rest crop rotation soybeans and corn . 10 milk cows and caves sold as yearlings or sold for beef at 2 years old aprox , Regards J

Great video!

PaMac, additionally Id like to see a video on different techniques to salvage wasted hay. My flerd conservatively wastes up to 25% , its terrible. Daily raking up waste and drying it in a rick of some sort? Some sort of elevated cage construction with narrow holes? Horse feed bags suspended from T-posts? Etc. Im sure there are many excellent ideas out there, I just struggling and would welcome any and all ideas to make my dollar stretch further.

5 round bails per cow per season helps so much 😂❤

Excellent tutorial Pa!

My Aunt raised beef steer and in the winter months they got their hay but they also got corn. There was a monorail in the barn with a huge cast iron grain carrier that worked it's way through the maze of feeding troughs to dispense the corn. I'm guessing maybe the corn was just a supplement, it wasn't because she had to buy hay or corn, they grew their own. We always bought a quarter steer and it was the best meat I've ever had to this day. I know there are many schools of thought on feeding cattle grain but it's for sure not a new practice, maybe if all you fed them was grain that could be a problem.

Kick the Hay Habit by Jim Gerrish, intensive rotational grazing videos with Allen Williams, Gabe Brown. Stockpiled forages rather than hay.

Old timer here, rule of thumb would be 1acre/grazing and 1 acre hay (cut twice) per mature cow/per year. Considering average season of growing in your area.

I still buy square bails mostly everyone I know thats all they buy du to not having much area to store it and also living on the sides of hills round will just roll and take out the fence also the tractor would flip at most places near and were I live its very steep

What a great video..... I've been struggling to find information about old school farming. One question I have is about haystack. Where haystack used as a storage medium because barns/shelters where not available? How did they work ? Why do we not use them now?

Good summary

Thank you so much for sharing!

Last yr with 3 head -1 cow 1 heifer and 1 steer, i went thru a round bale every 15 days. this yr i just got a bull and i am going thru a round bale every 7-8 days. we are also in a drought and the bales are about 600 lbs. last yr they were 800 lbs. I also have to feed hay everyday yr round. already got 24 bales delivered, have gone thru 8 so far, and have 24 more on order. 2 cows are also pregnant and due in march- but with no rain hay is hard to get , prices are way higher and the quality is down. no rain the only thing that really grows is the weeds... just thankful we can get that. also prices are from 75 -125 a round bale here in nj. cant afford to do sq bales as they are 40-45 lbs average here and 8-12 a bale. blessings

great video!

Love your channel! Would you make video on different drying, storing your grains. Do you know about pellet making and storing?

Seems like I remember,figuring 2to2.5 acres per cow to provide feed.

Very helpful, Thanks 👩🏻‍🌾

Excellent advice,.. the most expensive thing in the world is bad advice.. and this was all good.. I sometimes feed a few range pellets with poorer hay, and also at breeding season to keep them on the gain.. a cow will bred back easier when she's on the gain..

Hello Pa Mac. My name is Seth. My 13 year old daughter (Mariah ), have a small hobby farm. We have chickens, goats, and rabbits, hopefully sheep soon. The rabbits we use mostly for fertilizer. I have learned alot about raising rabbits, but I was just wondering if you had any tips or advice about rabbits? Thanks in advance and I lover your show.

Pa Mac, what breed is your bull? Is it a beef or dairy breed?

How much is the leasing rate of agricultural land in your country?