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This 1950 British short film, released by United World in the USA, explains how television works. It shows how an image of a man playing piano in a recording studio can be transmitted to household television sets all over the country. It covers all the technical aspects, with attention paid to the different parts of a TV camera and a television set, and the apparatus needed to deconstruct and reconstruct moving pictures. Directed by Colin Bell, the film is aided by several high quality animations created by Ken Hardy which show how dancing electrons make it all possible.
0:08 United World Film Inc. Title Sequence, 0:21 “How Television Works” Title Sequence, 0:25 television aerials on roofs, 0:42 Husband and Wife watching television, 0:52 Piano playing on television screen. The TV set shown is a Bush TV22, with a 9-inch screen (see below). 1:06 Scene switch to the Piano player in the television studio, 1:18 Camera view changes to a close up of the player’s hands, 1:23 C. Bechstein Berlin Piano, 1:32 broadcasting microphone, 1:52 close up of BBC television camera, 2:02 Vacuum tube or Image Orthicon tube removed from camera, 2:13 Vacuum tube taken apart, 2:37 close up of the camera mosaic, 2:48 Mosaic metal squares close up shown, 2:54 close up of electron gun, 3:21 animated sequence of how motion pictures are converted into electrons for broadcasting, 3:58 sequence of how tubular device affects the stream of electrons, 4:33 animation of how the electron stream scans over the mosaic, 5:00 interaction between electric impulses on mosaic and electron stream shown, 5:40 Studio TV camera amplifier shown, 6:12 Operators in control room, 6:15 Television broadcasting antenna, 6:37 Television set amplifier shown, 7:03 Television cathode ray tube shown, 7:16 close up of one end of the tube: the electron gun, 7:23 close up of the television screen, 7:40 animation of how electronic impulses are turned back into motion pictures, 9:07 demonstration of a different strength electronic stream showing different color intensities on the screen, 9:59 return to shot of piano player from earlier, 10:19 animated summary of how the television transmission works, 10:47 animated aerials on roofs, 11:05 cut back to the piano player in the studio, 11:20 “The End". A G.B. Instructional LTD Production, Distributed by G.B. Equipments, 11:32 List of production partners including BBC, 11:37 Produced by Frank Wells
The Bush TV22 boasted a 9 inch television screen, and was made by Bush Radio Limited, England, 1945-1955. A later model with band III convertor was produced in 1957 (which facilitated access to the new ITV channel). This set was made of Bakelite and was both inexpensive and popular. It was the first British television set produced that could be tuned by the owner to either of the then two BBC transmitters, as well as a further three proposed channels.
The image orthicon (sometimes abbreviated IO), was developed by RCA and was common in American broadcasting from 1946 until 1968. A combination of the image dissector and the orthicon technologies, it replaced the iconoscope in the USA, which required a great deal of light to work adequately.
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This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD, 2k and 4k. For more information visit www.PeriscopeFilm.com