Star-delta starting is a commonly used method to reduce current peaks at the start of three-phase motors. Let me explain how it works:
High starting current: When a three-phase motor starts, its starting current can be up to 7 times higher than the rated current during normal operation. This can cause problems in the electrical network and affect other connected equipment.
Solution: To avoid this excessive consumption during starting, the motor coils are connected in a star configuration at the beginning, with the voltage in the delta configuration. In this configuration, the coils operate at a lower voltage (around 58% of their nominal voltage) and therefore consume less current.
Transition: Once the motor is spinning, it changes to the delta configuration, where the coils are connected to the rated mains voltage (e.g. 380V). This allows the motor to operate normally with lower current draw.
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