OLD NORSE, GOTHIC, & OLD ENGLISH

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2 жыл бұрын

Welcome to my channel! This is Andy from I love languages. Let's learn different languages/dialects together.
OLD NORSE is a stage of development of North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and their overseas settlements and chronologically coincides with the Viking Age, the Christianization of Scandinavia and the consolidation of Scandinavian kingdoms from about the 7th to the 15th centuries.
GOTHIC Gothic is an extinct East Germanic language that was spoken by the Goths. It is known primarily from the Codex Argenteus, a 6th-century copy of a 4th-century Bible translation, and is the only East Germanic language with a sizeable text corpus. All others, including Burgundian and Vandalic, are known, if at all, only from proper names that survived in historical accounts, and from loanwords in other languages such as Portuguese, Spanish, and French.
OLD ENGLISH Anglo-Saxon, is the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages. It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the mid-5th century, and the first Old English literary works date from the mid-7th century. After the Norman conquest of 1066, English was replaced, for a time, by Anglo-Norman (a relative of French) as the language of the upper classes. This is regarded as marking the end of the Old English era, since during this period the English language was heavily influenced by Anglo-Norman, developing into a phase known now as Middle English in England and Early Scots in Scotland.
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Пікірлер: 212

@EccentricTuber 2 жыл бұрын

I love this series, especially stuff with Gothic in it. Though, forgive me if I'm wrong, but I believe that Old English's "Ea" diphthong is actually pronounced /æɑ/.

@user-hnjga8is1zr6u 2 жыл бұрын

You're correct. To everyday ears it must've sounded like "eå".

@monnaak 2 жыл бұрын

@@user-hnjga8is1zr6u æå?

@loho1125 2 жыл бұрын

The weird thing is that me, a native speaker of the west germanic modern German, found the east germanic Gothic language to be more familiar. It was not really intelligable, of course. But concerning the numbers, it was a lot easier to understand than old english or old norse. Which is interesting, because I speak english quite well.

@CarvedStones Жыл бұрын

Gothic is more or less like some archaic form of german/Swedish really, with some Greek spiced in.

@modmaker7617 2 жыл бұрын

The European Germanic family; England 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿, UK 🇬🇧 Netherlands 🇳🇱 Flanders, Belgium 🇧🇪 Luxembourg 🇱🇺 Germany 🇩🇪 Austria 🇦🇹 German Switzerland 🇨🇭 Liechtenstein 🇱🇮 Denmark 🇩🇰 Norway 🇳🇴 Sweden 🇸🇪 Faroe Islands 🇫🇴 (Denmark) Åland 🇦🇽 (Finland) Iceland 🇮🇸

@bilgesez 2 жыл бұрын

Notice how they are all developed countries, some are the most developed in the world, Norway for example. I'm glad for Germanics. Also don't forget Anglo colonised countries: US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand.

@modmaker7617 2 жыл бұрын

@@bilgesez I specified European so all their overseas colonises (mostly British but there's also Dutch colonises like Suriname and the Afrikaans language community in South Africa) not needing to be mentioned.

@nattkullav8657 2 жыл бұрын

Scotland 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 Frisia ....

@modmaker7617 2 жыл бұрын

@@nattkullav8657 Scotland is Celtic not Germanic. Frisia is a province of the Netherlands.

@fisher1634 2 жыл бұрын

@@modmaker7617 Scotland is also Germanic... They have Scots, a sister language to modern English descended from Northumbrian old English

@rolandfink2537 2 жыл бұрын

We must Revive the East Germanic Languages! greetings from Germany🇩🇪

@CarvedStones 2 жыл бұрын

Unfortunately the only east Germanic language with any sizable texts for it is gothic, the rest were just spoken orally, they didn’t write it down.

@vseslavkazakov356 Жыл бұрын

I do not speak german but i feel like gothic sounds way closer to modern german than the other two languages here. Does anyone who speak german agree/disagree?

@fabianfuchs1402 2 жыл бұрын

The Old English (Angles) came originally from the Southern Part of the Cimbrean Penisula (Northern Schleswig in Southern Denmark & Southern Schleswig in Northern Germany). Uniting with the Jutes in Northern Denmark, the Saxons in Northern Germany and particularly also the Frisians in Western Netherlands on their way to Britain, they formed the Germanic Tribal Confederation of the Anglo-Saxons.

@monnaak 2 жыл бұрын

You can hear that Old Norse was to become Swedish, Norwegian, Icelandic etc. And same w old English, you can hear that it’s to become English and scots. And, gothic sounds like a mix between the two. Very interesting

@ruhmuhaccer864 2 жыл бұрын

This seems, with all due and even undue respect, rather redundant a comment.

@Reichsritter 2 жыл бұрын

@@ruhmuhaccer864 Yes, most of the time people speak of "mixes", it ends up being nonsensical

@camulodunon 2 жыл бұрын

@@ruhmuhaccer864 not really.

@roelandaudenaerde8312 2 жыл бұрын

I am Dutch, and I think I understood half of the Old English. It sounded like Frisian, with the numbers being very similar to the current Dutch ones. For me, Gothic was most difficult to understand. By the way, do we know what other East Germanic laguages like Vandalian, Burgundian, Suevian, Gepidian or Longobardian sounded like?

@marin4311 Жыл бұрын

Andy is making an anthology of languages for us and the generations to come.

@hectoralarconhabif2590 2 жыл бұрын

So beautiful sounding.

@alriktyrving5051 Жыл бұрын

In Sweden there is still an island called Gotland/Gutland were the people are called gutar and their dialect gutniska. The Goths are supposed to originally have come from there, even according to the legends of the island.

@leonillgordon5887 2 жыл бұрын

Learning these old languages are more complicated than now.

@philomelodia 2 жыл бұрын

The trouble, of course, lies in the different stages of old Germanic during Which these languages were attested. They are not all attested to from the same period. Therefore, we do not really know what West and North Germanic sounded like in the moutths of speakers contemporary with the Gothic of Ulfilas which is the absolute oldest variety of Germanic we have today. This is quite unfortunate. It leaves open the question of whether or not there was mutual intelligibility among the different Germanic tribes and to what degree this intelligibility existed. For instance, the danes and the Saxons that were in England during the ninth century supposedly understood each other without translation and, according to Jackson Crawford, somebody wrote in Iceland three or 400 years later that this was because the languages of the two peoples were more or less one and the same at the time. This begs the question: could the great grandparents of Hengist and Horsa have communicated with those of Alareiks the Goth without translation and what would the flavor of their speech have been like? Another interesting one concerns the famous Latin scholar Alcuin or Ealhwyn, as he would have pronounced his name in life. During his time in the court of Charlemagne, what would his interactions with the pagan Friesians have been like? Would their speech have made them feel like they were of his own people? This was a fascinating video. Thank you very much for posting.

@weepingscorpion8739 2 жыл бұрын

I think Gothic would've stood out. It doesn't have I-mutation for instance which is a huge soundchange West and North Germanic share. So while speakers of North Germanic and West Germanic would've sort of understood each other in the 10th century, I don't think East Germanic would've been immediately understood. I wonder if Vikings ever came into contact with Iberian or North African Vandalic speakers. It's not attested in writing anywhere and I'm also not sure if Vandalic survived that long. That's really the only possible contact I see North (or West) Germanic speakers having with East Germanic speakers.

@CarvedStones 2 жыл бұрын

@@weepingscorpion8739 By the the time Vikings sailed to Iberia and North Africa, the goths and vandals were already assimilated, even more so when they stopped speaking gothic in favor for Latin.

@philomelodia 2 жыл бұрын

@@weepingscorpion8739 well, do you think it would’ve stood out in the fourth century? Gothic of the fourth century might’ve shared enough with the rest of the dialects to have some intelligibility. It does seem to be a mutation in the nominative between East Germanic north Germanic where nominative -s becomes nominative -r. There’s also loss of dual we in the west and north. But, the question is, when did they lose it?

@alejandrosanchezsarasua5400 Жыл бұрын

We have a lot in common with Gothic and Old Norse, an example, in asturian we say "sabli" to the sand like bretons and in norse, and in basque "aita" that means "father" like the name "atta" in gothic... moreover we have a lot of common culture with them. Very interesting. Thanks!

@bjornragnarsson1798 2 жыл бұрын

Speaking the basics of most germanic languages I noticed that gothic, even though being an extinct eastern germanic language, has got a lot of similarities to the modern german. The numbers but also some words such as unsar instead of ure or var. Also the word weihnai in gothic for holy instead of haeilagt and gehalged makes sense, since their modern german word weihnachten means christmas

@thescience786 2 жыл бұрын

Videos with such explanation are even better!!!

@user-mw8pf5uu5e 2 жыл бұрын

Nice to hear a summary of the history of a language. Nice job.

@viictor1309 2 жыл бұрын

I really appreciate the new intro with some more didactic info

@pedro.516 2 жыл бұрын

very good video, as per usual-your channel’s the best!

@user-uq5or8bb1h 2 жыл бұрын

The new video formatting is pretty cool! You give more info about the languages! However, I do think that all the extra info could be put into a separate video.

@monnaak 2 жыл бұрын

The old Norse in this video is most likely an east Norse dialect. Because of, for example. In west Norse you will see a lot of ǫ, while in east Norse where there is ǫ in west Norse, there’s most likely an a in east Norse. An example from this video: In the video it’s “iarðu” East Norse: iarðu West Norse: jǫrðu in west Norse a can’t appear before u, so it becomes an umlaut and becomes ǫ. While this doesn’t happen in east Norse. There’s also the use of æ. Æ is used more in east Norse than west Norse. In west Norse it would be verði while in east norse it’d be værði. Another example from the video. There’s also the use of “ð”. It’s much more commonly used in west Norse than in east Norse. West Norse: gefðu East Norse: Gefþu Anyways, byeee

@TNOfan4093 2 жыл бұрын

This is why I plan to study Scandinavian languages and cultures as my university's cursus.

@Mawnt 2 жыл бұрын

Cool! I’m a swede by the way.

@polluxxxx399 2 жыл бұрын

@@Mawnt Me too

@enestekin6109 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks to you I learn so many things. Thanks a bunch!

@xenowolfraptor 2 жыл бұрын

Loved the video !

@hipperant Жыл бұрын

I have a dream to learn all germanic languages and understand all slavic, because all of our grand-grandfathers were very closely connected to each other. It's hard to imagine the language of theirs, but i believe that it existed in one form or another

@Krystic111 2 жыл бұрын

You are excellent at pronunciation. Slightly mistaken seeming, the us world in Old English, which should be pronounced like short oo+s, not as ys, otherwise no mistakes at all, like a time traveler doing accurate research of the past. I do commend you and recommend for furtherance of the understanding of Language.

@diegorusso6900 2 жыл бұрын

Lovely!

@gustavczhao5323 2 жыл бұрын

It’s interesting that “father” in Gothic is “atta”, which is seemingly closer to Turkic languages than Old Norse and Old English (at 4:02)

@abhimanyuvarmma7955 2 жыл бұрын

Fatthar , F'atttar' I think like convergent evolution It may arosed independentl Or was a loan word when huns came Hunnish empire existed during the rule of Hannibal

@julianfejzo4829 2 жыл бұрын

Atta is used among other Indo-European languages, the Proto-Slavic *otьcь, the Albanian atë, the West Frisian heit and the Latin tata are all cognates with the Gothic atta, not because of any Turkic but because the Indo-European *ph₂tḗr had a synonym that is reconstructed as *átta.

@captainch6182 2 жыл бұрын

@@abhimanyuvarmma7955 Nah, the Huns arrived in Europe hundreds of years later, around 350 AD

@ruhmuhaccer864 2 жыл бұрын

@@julianfejzo4829 I am suprised you did not mention Hittite "atta-s" and "amma-s" (mother). Which is by the way a refutation of gender ideologic grammar theory in IE-languages.

@nubianus 2 жыл бұрын

@@julianfejzo4829 in Latin is atta too, not only tata

@johncortez8564 2 жыл бұрын

Exactly the same conversation between king ecbert and ragnar...good jlob!😊😊👍

@leonardoamorim2518 2 жыл бұрын

Oh my god, this is amazing😁👏👏👏

@tzuyoda691 2 жыл бұрын

can you start sorting videos in playlist according to the continent/region ? that'd be helpful & appreciated

@belugaowo 2 жыл бұрын

Is it me or is this the first time you made such an introduction 😳

@theworldoflanguages8772 2 жыл бұрын

@Yasaman520 2 жыл бұрын

And it's the best

@rickfromhell 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you for your channel, Andy, I love your videos! Language is amazing!

@larrywave 2 жыл бұрын

This was good 😇

@albmappingut_f2216 2 жыл бұрын

Very interesting

@cesargomez376 2 жыл бұрын

I like your videos. From Dominican Republic.

@RC-vc8pz 2 жыл бұрын

3:12 start

@patchy642 Жыл бұрын

Isle of Tenerife, Spain, Tenerife. Great videos! When do you plan to compare and contrast Old English and Frisian? Best wishes, Patrick.

@mirelaconstantin4560 2 жыл бұрын

Andy, can you guys make a video of how similar Italian and Romanian is?

@quamne 2 жыл бұрын

they sound beautiful

@kintetsubuffalo 2 жыл бұрын

Andy this is amazing, and more in-depth than usual! What is your native tongue? (I'd swear Gothic, but...) Thank you for your calling?

@modmaker7617 2 жыл бұрын

I'd swear Andy's native language is Tagalog/Filipino.

@HeyKevinYT 2 жыл бұрын

Does Andy have a degree in Linguistics

@Alex-yr8wt 2 жыл бұрын

@@modmaker7617 it is

@belle_pomme 2 жыл бұрын

@@modmaker7617 Really? I didn't know that

@ennui9745 2 жыл бұрын

She is Filipino, I am as well and I can pick up her accent when she's speaking English (plus the fact that she speaks Tagalog very fluently).

@heisenberg6317 2 жыл бұрын

Please can u make the next video about *interslavic language/medžuslovjansky jezyk* ? that would be a great video

@m.n.9573 2 жыл бұрын

Did the Vikings and Anglo-Saxons understand each others ?

@maxglendale7614 2 жыл бұрын

Old Norse sound more like modern English, than Old English. LOL.

@bobertjones2300 2 жыл бұрын

I thought so also.

@BatAskal 2 жыл бұрын

@4:56 in Modern Germanic English: and Forgive us our guilt, as well as we forgiveth our others' guiltdom.

@chusty93 2 жыл бұрын

No Old High German? That's an important one

@Davlavi 2 жыл бұрын

cool.

@natara2384 2 жыл бұрын

Hi Andy! I know this will be very different from your current topic, but are you able to cover the Baba Malay language? I would love to hear it as I'm part Peranakan.

@ilovelanguages0124 2 жыл бұрын

Hi, dear! I'm open for submissions. Lemme know if you know someone who can volunteer. :)

@windoffire7462 2 жыл бұрын

Þakka þér fyrir Andy!

@Regular_Decorated_Emergency 2 жыл бұрын

Creepy how I understood this.

@parmida28 2 жыл бұрын

you should do a video on oats Jenkin's new english alpabet

@thomash7294 2 жыл бұрын

I am Dutch and I understood Old Norse more than Old English

@weepingscorpion8739 2 жыл бұрын

It makes me wonder which dialect of Old Norse is used here. 1150-1350 made me think textbook Old Norse but the text presented and the pronunciation of v as w makes me think this is something else, like late Old Danish or something. Great video though.

@user-ip7if6hf3f 2 жыл бұрын

Please do Old Dutch (Old Low Franconian), Old High German & Old Frisian

@lba6859 2 жыл бұрын

Plus Old English (which is supposingly close to the metioned)

@12tanuha21 2 жыл бұрын

And Old Low German (or Old Saxon)

@branicevomapping2190 2 жыл бұрын

What happened with the playlists?

@user-dy2cg3hj6m 2 жыл бұрын

Old Ænglish 4:02 4:21 4:36 5:13

@nubianus 2 жыл бұрын

Gothic best one

@CarvedStones 2 жыл бұрын

It’s the most conservative out of the three.

@nubianus 2 жыл бұрын

@@CarvedStones yep, because of that. I noticed you have as a symbol an osthrogothic eagle

@CarvedStones Жыл бұрын

@@nubianus the eagle fibula was something both Visigoths and Ostrogoths did when they buried their dead. Very interesting indeed.

@au9parsec 2 жыл бұрын

Andy loves languages

@au9parsec 2 жыл бұрын

Andy loves my comment ❤️

@AnulaibazIV 2 жыл бұрын

Where did you get the source for The Lord's Prayer in Old Norse?

@Skroofah 2 жыл бұрын

I miss the quick language comparisons…🥺

@klauskaliaj3955 2 жыл бұрын

Based on the explanation of the alphabets ,did anybody else hear slightly greek tones in gothic and latin tones in old english?

@CarvedStones 2 жыл бұрын

Gothic had a bit of a Greek influence from living within the boundaries of the eastern Roman Empire, not to mention its very similar to proto-Germanic. The angles probably picked up some of the roman-Briton dialec when they invaded Britain.

@MrMorgan316 2 жыл бұрын

Some old norse signs sound still intelligible to me an English speaker. But it's hard to hear but I can understand a bit. Old english a tad less and gothic not so much at all. But I do speak German so I am a little advantaged I guess

@smitchmarcomani5937 2 жыл бұрын

Can you do Thadou language please🙏

@SarimFaruque 2 жыл бұрын

Bring back gothic language

@CarvedStones 2 жыл бұрын

You have to speak it first

@ViktorRotkiv98 2 жыл бұрын

I love your Channel.. but please can you explain why you keep removing videos 😥 it’s always disappointing when I go to look up a language and it’s gone. I’m not sure why you do this, will you re-upload?

@ilovelanguages0124 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you, dear! I privated the playlist because I am fixing them it will be up soon!

@ViktorRotkiv98 2 жыл бұрын

@@ilovelanguages0124 yay! Thank you, also biggest fan ever!! 😄 Thank you for preserving so many languages, I especially loved the Celtic and Aboriginal Australian language. Keep up the great work!

@shikhaupr 2 жыл бұрын

How did you make this without using google translate?????

@junatantigaantanom8890 2 жыл бұрын

Please Make Murutic Langunge

@-cinnamonangela- 2 жыл бұрын

The first vid that I watched in this channel is the asian greetings one

@Patrickbatemanharvard 11 ай бұрын

Old Norse and old english are quite similar... Can't say the same for Gothic

@veronicalogotheti5416 Жыл бұрын

The romans called the frigians angel From were did they take anglo saxon

@emperorshowa8842 2 жыл бұрын

What languages will be popular in the future? 1- English 2- mandarin 3- Arabic 4- Spanish

@thespyingxypher3726 2 жыл бұрын

can you do han-viet dialect?

@Wxyz2001 2 жыл бұрын

I know that it doesn't have anything to do with the video, but I liked the new intro. In the past I thought that your/the voice was a type of robotic one, just like Google translate. Now I know that it's ur real voice, and with all respect without flirting, u have a super cute voice and a nice accent.

@Dionysus784 2 жыл бұрын

can you please do the pomor dialect of russian?thank you

@user-do8kw5ox9l 2 жыл бұрын

3:31

@magnus00125 2 жыл бұрын

As a dane I understood some old norse. But also think english today seem more similar to old norse, but ofc that might be wrong. Gothic looks difficult. Did not understand anything at all

@CinCee- 2 жыл бұрын

How does the narrator know how to pronounce these now dead languages so well?

@joshuabradshaw9120 Жыл бұрын

I can see how Old English lost much of its inflection due to contact with Old Norse speakers. Similar to the Romance languages which evolved from regional dialects of vulgar Latin and became simplified due to contact with speakers of languages besides Latin, English was gradually simplified due to the need for those who were not native speakers of that language to communicate more easily with those who were.

@ItsAA_Plays 2 жыл бұрын

Can you do the urdu language?

@miglena2s 2 жыл бұрын

@altheamantes2041 3 ай бұрын

The time you Could understand is the word understand

@zyklopis Жыл бұрын

👏🥰🤗

@matthewsteele99 2 жыл бұрын

"British isles and Ireland" is redundant Ireland is part of geographic British isles

@nextpage5707 2 жыл бұрын

New Style ! I need to see your face. Please 😁

@kevinnnn7 2 жыл бұрын

Video idea: Belgian German dialect 🇧🇪

@Unknown86483 Жыл бұрын

Am i the only one who talks about how six in Old Norse and Old English is pronounced as sex😅😅

@abhinavchauhan7864 2 жыл бұрын

Can you please do proto Semitic and proto indo Aryan and avestan and proto Iranian? Sorry i am asking for too much

@Regular_Decorated_Emergency 2 жыл бұрын

YES.

@mikaelbackman2448 10 ай бұрын

The vikings werer talking old norse in sweden also

@dylanizurieta3390 Жыл бұрын

Ic lufige þine lare. -An mann fram andweardnesse.

@nenisguevaragomez8122 Жыл бұрын

Why sodlice instead of Amen?

@camulodunon 2 жыл бұрын

"to become thin rice"? 🤨❓

@nezukochan1217 2 жыл бұрын

Acehnese pleass

@Bittergigle-f6u 2 жыл бұрын

Hola

@artedealex676 10 ай бұрын

The descendants of the goths all speak an Iberian language now lol

@AekkeDeg 2 жыл бұрын

Æld

@nurassyltileubekov9973 2 жыл бұрын

3:33 sus

@veronicalogotheti5416 Жыл бұрын

Runes is greek

@ottoman1594 2 жыл бұрын

Maybe it is just a coincidance, but the gothic word for father "atta" sounds like the turkic word for father "ata"

@500mandarin 2 жыл бұрын

It's a baby talk word presented in many unrelated families, similar to "mama"

@12tanuha21 2 жыл бұрын

The F at the start just dropped away

@MrPillowStudios 2 жыл бұрын

3:31 Can we do this together please?

@theworldoflanguages8772 2 жыл бұрын

😗😗

@abhinavchauhan7864 2 жыл бұрын

First😁

@Perririri 2 жыл бұрын

Normie

@dariusbozorg1085 2 жыл бұрын

Probably she’s from Romania or somewhere from East Europe.

@bobertjones2300 2 жыл бұрын

Nope. Philippines. An accomplished linguist can learn pronunciation in any language.