Another viewer-submitted question. Inequality proofs seem particularly difficult when they involve powers of n, but they can be managed just like any other inequality given the right algebraic techniques!
Пікірлер: 166
@IffyProjects8 жыл бұрын
but i don't see how, when seeing a problem like this for the first time, you'd know to replace n^(2) by 2n + 1. I don't see how you would know to do that.
@wm78965kidtips8 жыл бұрын
+IffyProjects exactly...i was wondering the same thing
@sirswig8 жыл бұрын
+IffyProjects I agree. I mean, logically, it makes sense, but I automatically assume I CANNOT deviate from the problem due to getting it wrong in school. In real life, yes I could maybe make the assumption, but I wouldn't want to assume anything outside the direction of the problem when quizzes or tests come into play. I'd like an answer as well. "HOW did you know to do this step?"
@renecianiesie96628 жыл бұрын
+IffyProjects ...I agree with you!!
@fabse648 жыл бұрын
+IffyProjects The only reason he did it the way he did was to make the proof look neater. You can absolutely start with the original inequality without replacing anything, and you'll eventually complete the proof. As OP pointed out in the first couple of minutes of the video, you'll arrive at a problem and have to take a step back solving the problem first.
@walidzein16 жыл бұрын
it takes practice
@kobilica9999 жыл бұрын
You solved exactly same thing I got for homework, heh :D Now I understand it completely.
@mpcc20227 жыл бұрын
How does one know the correlary piece they need to prove before hand?
@jameschen23084 жыл бұрын
You are an excellent teacher, and that would be an understatement.
@laux9279 жыл бұрын
Thanks! Best explanation I've found. Finally got it!
@halimjoshua22779 жыл бұрын
hi! its very helpful, but I'm wondering how can you come up with the 2n+1 in the first place?
@TechToppers3 жыл бұрын
In induction, you check first what you have to proof. Like 2^{k+1}>(k+1)²=k²+2k+1 Now to proof 2^k+2^k>k²+2k+1 Reduces down(by hypothesis) 2^k>2k+1 If you proof this, you're done! It has been 5 years since you posted. I hope so you have grown and could find it by yourself!
@FSHnegativ3 жыл бұрын
@@TechToppers I have been working on this problem for the past hour or two and you explained it so so well in one small comment. Thanks a ton just had my Eureka moment have a nice day
@TechToppers3 жыл бұрын
@@FSHnegativ Thanks a lot. But please remember, that the I wrote was just for intuition. Backtracking in mathematics is generally hard. You have to be very sure that your assumptions are correct. In which grade you are?
@FSHnegativ3 жыл бұрын
@@TechToppers im currently in the first semester of uni majoring in data science. Haven't had induction proofs in high school so I'm doing my best learning it as fast as possible. I actually just got done with the whole proof (n^2
@reubenmanzo20542 жыл бұрын
@@TechToppers How does the reduction work? Because you're halving one side and square-rooting the other.
@MaddSTATIC10 жыл бұрын
great video, it really helped me out! :) The only problem i have is this: why do you assume that 2^n is greater than or equal to 2n+1?
@johnhurley89189 жыл бұрын
Wait a minute! This is the same guy in the video about parity bits that I watched! Man, this guy is all everywhere.
@yifpye88953 жыл бұрын
8:36 I don’t get how you can say 7 is greater than/equal to 0...
@Twannnn014 жыл бұрын
If anybody was wondering why 2^n > n^2 becomes 2^n * 2 > n^2 * 2 is because in order to get 2^n+1 you need to multiply 2^n by 2 (hence 2^n * 2). Since it's an inequality n^2 becomes n^2 * 2.
@kunalvshah6 жыл бұрын
@ 8:39, it should be > 0 not > or = 0 correct? if something is > or = 7, it is > 0 not > or = 0 right?
@LOLxUnique10 жыл бұрын
does this solution work for 2^n > n^2 ?? > not >=
@faiazhossain90665 жыл бұрын
Dude thank you. I needed this explanation ❤️
@mschindee49973 жыл бұрын
The best explanation I watched so far
@renecianiesie96628 жыл бұрын
Ek wil graag weet hoekom is 2 tot die mag ' n' groter en gelykaan ( 2n +1)? En by die einde van die bewys hoekom is k groter en gelykaan 4??(induction inequality example 6).
@kythconney74127 жыл бұрын
How do you prove this using minimum counterexample?
@dania44858 жыл бұрын
Thank You soo much for this, but could you also prove n
@tshiovhekhuthadzo12910 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this wonderful video. I learnt a lot:D
@anzatzi7 жыл бұрын
is it possible to start at step 2 if you had never worked this problem? Not likely
@RAKESHCHAUHAN-jm7bt5 жыл бұрын
2.2power k How convert 2 power k + 2 power z Tell me
@Snapeserverussnape3 жыл бұрын
I clicked the video without looking at the channel but immediately recognized Eddie Woo the moment he said the word "here."
@Wolfun1t6 жыл бұрын
Why not use a chain for the first one? For example: assume: 2n + 1
@perroisdog85198 жыл бұрын
Hi Eddie, I find your videos very helpful, I kind of wonder the same thing like some other viewers here, can you explain a little more in detail when you swap n^2 by 2n+1, and how I can get to this step in general, for instance if I have to prove 2^(n-1)bigger and equal to n^2. Thanks very much!
@pizzarickk333 Жыл бұрын
Ik it's been 6 years but here's how I think about it; If A < B, we can edit this inequality so that it still becoles true. If A is less then B, then A is less than any number that's greater than B So if we swap B by a greater number, the RHS would become larger, hence keep being larger than A. It's all about making the hand side larger or smaller (by swapping for bigger or smaller numbers) so that the inequality remains true.
@alexanderbaron23786 жыл бұрын
But how is 7 greater or equal to 0? How can we make that assumption, when 7 would never equal 0?
@giuliobranchetti55844 жыл бұрын
7 has to be greater (which is the case) OR equal to 0. Otherwise a>=b would be true only if a=b=0.
@lenasp1229 жыл бұрын
Hi Eddie! Your video helped my alot! But I still have one question. Why did you change the letter n to k (n=k) and didn't continue using the letter n? Thank you !
@johanfredrikberthlingherbe44199 жыл бұрын
Nice video! One question though. Isn't the whole first part a bit unnecessary if you could simply prove that (2^k-(2k+1)) >= 0 for k>=4, which it is. Or am I not allowed to just insert 4 like that?
@mmmmSmegma8 жыл бұрын
I'm already getting the feeling that this video is gonna be directly responsible for a love affair I' going to have with mathematics for the next year or so.
@shady4903 жыл бұрын
im curious, how did your love affair go?
@akshatchheda11025 жыл бұрын
Can you do a video for 4^n > n^4 ??
@dnxtheone12529 жыл бұрын
You are my savior.
@khalidbaraka40737 жыл бұрын
why did you start with 2^(n)>and equal to 2n+1
@thenameisbrandoongle9 жыл бұрын
Good work, buddy.
@asimami30612 жыл бұрын
Can we do it by putting the equation on one side and zero on another side for every inequality question??????
@alexandretaranoff7148 жыл бұрын
actually you didnt have to demonstrate past 6:04 when you write consider as we multiplied by 2 which is a positive number which won't change the inequality right ?
@RAKESHCHAUHAN-jm7bt5 жыл бұрын
2 question I don't understand after consider. How plus 2 power k
@Trifers9 жыл бұрын
Hi eddie, i'm currently working on an assignment whereby, my assignment ask for to prove by induction that 2^n > n^2 for n>=5. is it possible for me to prove it ur way as ur question is quite similar?
@TechToppers3 жыл бұрын
That is same actually. n≥5 means all n greater than 5 including 5. n>4 means same... I know you have done your assignment but I thought to explain 😂 Btw, you could have replaced the given condition by condition in the video as they both are same... That's a 5 years ago...
@tethyn Жыл бұрын
Would you consider the first proof the lemma that you need for the current proof or proof in consideration? Good job:
@desmondacheampong48736 жыл бұрын
please solve 2n less than n! for, n greater or equal to 4
@thespacesmoothie8 жыл бұрын
Thank you, I understand now :D
@theabeatriz5 жыл бұрын
thanks for this video! now i am even more confused haahah
@spasticpeach8 жыл бұрын
You are saving me in Discrete Math. Thank you so much.
@normantakavarasha29367 жыл бұрын
thank you very much .that was helpful
@evelynwallace258 жыл бұрын
7:54 - Where did the 2k - 1 come from? I thought it was 2k + 1.
@NyteRazor8 жыл бұрын
+Angela Fawn Leach continued from the previous steps... 2(2k+1)-2k-3 ..multiply 2 to get rid of parens making 4k+2-2k-3 then combine like terms... 4k-2k+2-3 making 2k-1
@franklin61037 жыл бұрын
you are honestly the best math teacher
@fresinosamboko79465 жыл бұрын
Send for me some video
@nadhirarizky9 жыл бұрын
Thank you :D
@akshayan13409 жыл бұрын
Wow. That was great
@AmanKumar-ut5gh3 жыл бұрын
Sir, why m√a^n = a^n/m please explain
@Zzznmop6 жыл бұрын
In my opinion, the flowchart at the beginning is more important to those who want to teach the subject whereas for students it may add another layer of difficulty since these videos are primarily watched by people who need reinforcement on the title/topic.
@danakapoostinsky83377 жыл бұрын
Thank you!!
@lopangwaynemoalosi31318 жыл бұрын
i got it......Thanks a lot Sir.......
@beru586 жыл бұрын
You can go like a heat seaking missile right to the end. No need for ”expeditions” here and there. 1) Show that it is true for a smallest value of p. Bla bla 2) Assume the statement to be true for p. 3) Show that under the above assumption it is also true for p + 1. That is (p + 1)^2 LE 2^(p + 1) expand on both sides p^2 + 2p + 1 LE 2 * 2^p that is p^2 + 2p + 1 LE 2^p + 2^p Make use of our assumption under 2). That is, it now suffices to show that 2p + 1 LE 2^p. But 2p + 1 LE p^2 since after we subtract 2p and add 1 we get 2 LE p^2 - 2p +1 LE (p - 1)^2, which is true for p = 4, 5, 6,… And again by our assumption under 2) 2p + 1 LE p^2 LE 2^p Q. e. d. Comment: What we are as a whole to prove, and our assumption is like a balance leaning over to the right. We make use of our assumption and take away on both sides. The balance must not flip over to the other side! That is what suffices to prove. (And to do that we use our assumption once again.) Hope you see what I mean with a balance. The kind Mdm Justitia uses.
@beru586 жыл бұрын
Sorry. Typofix. Should have been But 2p + 1 LE p^2 since after we subtract 2p and add 1 we get 2 LE p^2 - 2p +1 = (p - 1)^2, which is true for p = 4, 5, 6,…
@namelessnormie2 жыл бұрын
BTW, RTP means required to prove
@snenhlanhlabongeka45416 жыл бұрын
Thank you this video was very helpful. ..but am a little bit confused. ...how come 2^k+1 =2^k+2^k. ...help
@hadishaikh75325 жыл бұрын
2^k+1 is equal to 2^k×2(Indices rule that is bases same so add powers)...then 2^k×2 means 2^k is written two times that is 2^k+2^k.
@snethembamsomi93908 жыл бұрын
I don't get how you have two 2^k in 2.2^k. I'm confused
@haloshiroe3 жыл бұрын
really late but that's not the case, 2^(k+1) is just 2(2^k) he wrote it as 2.2^k which is really 2*2^k
@snethembamsomi93903 жыл бұрын
@@haloshiroe that's like from 4 years ago 😭 but thank you nonetheless. Your video helped a great deal🌟
@memofahood454310 жыл бұрын
Thank you soo much for ur explanation,but I have a question why do assume that 2^n is greater or equal to 2n+1. Thank you
@hellojellyy41088 жыл бұрын
+Eddie Woo how do you know that you'll be needing that proof later on ?
@brasco76597 жыл бұрын
Stian Sapiens I think u were not paying attention to the first 3 min of the video,. where he says he will do step 2 first and then step 1 and finally step 3.
@barbie791310 жыл бұрын
Your explanation was very helpful. I have had this question before but could not just figure out the induction step . I did understand what you did in both the first case and second but I have a small question. I understand that 2 to the power k+1 =2 to the power n times 2 but I don not seem understand how and why you had to write 2 to the power n+ 2 to the power n. May you please help me on that. Thank you..
@barbie791310 жыл бұрын
***** Hello,you can find that part at 13:00 to about 13:10 . And it is 2 to the power k + 2 to the power k. Sorry ,I used n because I am always using n in my induction step too.Thank you.
@DiegoMartinez-zh1cf8 жыл бұрын
thanks !!!
@lolanifenring26926 жыл бұрын
Shouldn't it be "n = { 4,5,6,... }," not "{ n = 4,5,6,... }"?
@mlungisijadu2245 жыл бұрын
More videos plz it's interesting
@OnslaughWins7 жыл бұрын
why is it 2k+3
@pop0potato7 жыл бұрын
Because when he plugged in k + 1 into 2k + 1, he got 2(k + 1) + 1 which becomes 2k + 2 + 1 which is 2k + 3!
@corb23476 жыл бұрын
Cheers bro
@pulanemolotsi69986 жыл бұрын
thank you so much for this
@snenhlanhlabongeka45416 жыл бұрын
it because when you simplfy 2 (k+1)+1 it will give you 2k+3
@aku75983 жыл бұрын
I do it this way, hope it's correct. 2.2^k>=2.k^2 2^(k+1)>=(k+1)^2 To prove 2.k^>=(k+1)^2 2.k^2>=k^2+2k+1 k^2-2k-1>=o.......(1) True if k>2.4...
@robertj44244 жыл бұрын
Assume 2^k > k^2 for k > 4. 2^(k+1) = 2(2^k) = 2k^2 > 2k^2 = (k+1)^2 + k^2-2x-1 > (k+1)^2, since k^-2k-1 = (k-1)^2-2 > 0 for k>4
@ospreytalon83183 жыл бұрын
I would just use 2^(k+1)>=2k^2 from the assumption, then it's a simple matter of proving 2k^2>=(k+1)^2 for each k>=4
@kevinfarhat99786 жыл бұрын
why is 2^k>2k+1
@gaimz18555 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@TheEglene7 жыл бұрын
I love mathematics!
@victorserras6 жыл бұрын
The one thing I don't get about induction: why just assume something is true for n, then show it's true for n+1, if what you wanted to prove in the first place is that it's true for n?
@TechToppers3 жыл бұрын
Good question I know the answer. Should I tell?
@Ikhtesad8 жыл бұрын
Hi, I don't know if you still do videos or not. I found your explanations to be very simple and clear and wondered if you could show me how to do the following proofs: (1) let lcm(a,b) = l so l=pa and l=qb Prove that gcd(p,q) = 1 (2) if gcd(a,b) = 1 prove that gcd(a+b, a-b) is either 1 or 2. (3) Prove that if a | (bc) and gcd(a,b)=1 then a|c (4) If d=gcd(a,b) and f is any other common divisor of a and b, prove that f | d Any help with any of them is appreciated. If you don't do this anymore no problem. Thanks for all your videos.
@AryamanMaithani7 жыл бұрын
Hey, I don't know if this would still be helpful but: Question 1: I'm going to do a proof by contradiction: p = l/a q = l/b ... (Given) Let's assume that gcd(p, q) ≠ 1 ... *(1)* Therefore, l/a and l/b have a common factor, say F Since, it's a factor, F is a positive integer ≠ 1 => l/a = mF; l/b = nF; where n and m are positive integers ≠ 1 => am = l/F; bn = l/F => l/F is a common multiple of both 'a' and 'b' (Since, m and n are integers > 1) Since F>1, this implies that l > l/F => lcm(a, b) = l/F ≠ l But, we know that lcm(a, b) = l Therefore, our assumption *(1)* was wrong. Therefore, gcd(p, q) = 1
@TechToppers3 жыл бұрын
Everything is standard Number Theory plug in some numbers and try to understand it's behaviour and then formalize. It has been 4 years but still😂
@TechToppers3 жыл бұрын
I can give you intuition if you want...
@talentmaritinyu20956 жыл бұрын
thanks boss
@alexmelendezrolon8727 жыл бұрын
Ok anyone watching this video: before you go and comment about not understanding something, take the time to carefully watch the ENTIRE thing. It will all makes sense :D
@TechToppers3 жыл бұрын
But it's complicated for no reason...
@user-cv8ik5xd9j6 жыл бұрын
I finally understand why you have proved that 2^n≥2n+1 is true at first, thank you so much!! Now I have another question, which is familiar with this one, that is: to prove that 3^n>n^3,{n=4,5,6...} Thank you.
@charlenec.61669 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much! But I don't understand why you can't you do it directly. ie. assume true for n=k so 2^k is greater than k^2 then rtp: n= k+1 so 2^(k+1) is greater than (k+1)^2 LHS= 2 x 2^k then sub in the assumed stuff and becomes 2x2k^2 RHS=k^2+(2k+1) LHS is greater than RHS because k^2 is greater than 2k+1 for k>4 why can't you do it this way?
@zhaoningding75998 жыл бұрын
+Charlene Chau 2x2k^2 IN lANE 7 shouLD BE 2xk^2
@fathemaher51786 жыл бұрын
thank you from palistine
@lopangwaynemoalosi31318 жыл бұрын
Sir why did you replace 2^k by K^2 ?
@debevc118 жыл бұрын
+Lopang Wayne Moalosi because 2^k is greater than k^2 by assumption, you replace 2^k by k^2 in the next row and replace sing = with greater than :D 13:27 check again :)
@lopangwaynemoalosi31318 жыл бұрын
Thanks a lot...i see! It now makes sense.
@debevc118 жыл бұрын
+Lopang Wayne Moalosi np :D
@SathvickSatish5 жыл бұрын
What level of algebra is this?
@SathvickSatish5 жыл бұрын
and what grade will I learn this? These proofs are so interesting
@TechToppers3 жыл бұрын
Basic😂 Really
@user-eu6bt1sr8r6 ай бұрын
I don't get it
@anitaojwani4 жыл бұрын
I am from India my ? How can you return as n square is equal to 2n+1 .but why
@danieldorsz10474 жыл бұрын
This is the question Anita ! Can anyone answer ?
@anitaojwani4 жыл бұрын
@@danieldorsz1047 yes dear
@danieldorsz10474 жыл бұрын
@@anitaojwani so I was hoping you have found the answer because your comment was posted 6 months ago haha is anyone else interested ? Give some answers people !
@suppertoon39277 жыл бұрын
n^2 = 2n+1 ????
@kalunlee58547 жыл бұрын
2*2^(k)-(2k+1)>=k^2-2k+1-2=(k-1)^2-2 ,since k>=4,(k-1)^2>=9 -->k^2-2k-1>=9-2=7>=0 so i don't think we need to prove n^2>=2n+1
@thomas_teboho6 жыл бұрын
In 3:38, you said that LHS is greater than or equal to RHS when you have only shown that LHS is greater than RHS, for n = 4. You have not necessarily convinced me about equality of the two sides.
@wyattguthrie8232 жыл бұрын
I love you
@annajadun19943 жыл бұрын
2021
@user-gn3xw3kn3z5 жыл бұрын
微分して増減調べればいいのでは?
@fernandoortiz184910 жыл бұрын
thank you thank you thank you thank you thank you thank you thank you thank you thank you thank you thank you thank you reeaaaaaalllllyyyyyyyy muuuuuuch!!!!!!
@fernandoortiz184910 жыл бұрын
jaja , really i was the only one who brings the algebra homework right, and my teacher give an extra point on my exam thanks to you :D
@lynk.94799 жыл бұрын
for any positive integer n, 6n - 1 is divisible by 5.
@alexandretaranoff7146 жыл бұрын
eh nope 6*4 -1 = 23 not divisible by 5
@silenna773 жыл бұрын
Demostró que 2^n > 2n+1. Pero debía demostrar 2^n > n². 😬
@MatteoBlooner8 жыл бұрын
2^3 is smaller than 3^2
@yuvalgat41638 жыл бұрын
The domain is {n ≥ 4}.
@eccesignumrex44829 жыл бұрын
Let me get another beer ...
@eccesignumrex44829 жыл бұрын
yes - nice.
@davidomoyajowo42849 жыл бұрын
o ga o.. oponu oshi
@eilertulio81376 жыл бұрын
@ 8:46 7 is >= 0 why can you make 2^(k+1) - (2k+3) >=0 does it mean that it can also be =1? since it's >=0? but it should also be >=7 right? I can somehow understand the whole video but I want to fully grasp the concepts. I think there's something wrong somewhere in my understanding. Enlighten me please.
@eilertulio81376 жыл бұрын
How can it affect, or does the EXACT number at the LHS really affect the whole equation? or just the category it belongs to matters (negative, positive,etc)?
@kng48228 жыл бұрын
Is induction the only way to solve this kind of problem... This is genuinely not an easy thing to grasp.
@TechToppers3 жыл бұрын
You could use some calculus I suppose...
@dodu81056 жыл бұрын
Thwis syde wud be bigga
@ntouches7 жыл бұрын
problem is ur first teacher
@abood7aj10 жыл бұрын
how 2.2^k = 2^k+ 2^k ?????
@user-cq6ip3be2t8 жыл бұрын
is this a standard way to depict multiplication?
@remavas54708 жыл бұрын
+Максим Марков i thought/think the standard way is *
@remavas54708 жыл бұрын
+Remavas ...on a computer :)
@mpcc20227 жыл бұрын
Максим Марков 2x2 is the same as 2+2. I think it only works with 2.
@abood7aj7 жыл бұрын
+Joshua L thanks but now its 2016 hahahha
@vansf34333 жыл бұрын
That problem is too easy Prove this one (2n)! > n^n
@nonononononono38833 жыл бұрын
wait wha?
@rgqwerty639 жыл бұрын
Majorly overcomplicated. When you had 2^(k+1)-(k+1)^2 you could simply rearrange to 2(2^k-k^2) + (k-1)^2 - 2 which is certainly positive for k>=4
@bismeetsingh3527 жыл бұрын
How can n^2 be replaced by 2n+1? You didn't explain the first step and this whole video is senseless
@Georgelegeng6 жыл бұрын
i have the same question
@adamcforsythe6 жыл бұрын
It does if you watch the whole video.
@ukgaming10846 жыл бұрын
If you're attempting this proof by yourself, you would have started with what he did towards the end of the video. And then realised you had to prove the lhs was greater than or equal to 2n+1
@TechToppers3 жыл бұрын
First, plug in some numbers if you don't get the Algebra. That's the best way! Then you will understand in no time