In this short tutorial i have described the the basic concepts of inflammation and described cellular events in inflammation.. Visit ilovepathology.com/ for more topics in Pathology!
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Cellular events in Inflammation
Recruitment of Leukocytes
In the lumen
Magination , rolling, Adhesion
Across the vessel wall
Outside the vessel wall
Chemotaxis
Cellular events in Inflammation
The influx of the leukocytes ( neutrophils & Monocytes) to the site of injury
These leukocytes ingest and destroy the injurious agents ( microbes/necrotic tissue/foreign bodies) [PHAGOCYTOSIS]
Also these leukocytes secrete growth factors needed for repair.
How does leukocytes travel from vessel lumen to the site of injury??
Multistep process
Mediated and controlled by ADHESION MOLECULES and CHEMOKINES
Why neutrophils predominate early ??
They are more in number
Respond more rapidly to chemokines than others
Attach more firmly to adhesion molecules
BUT, They are short lived!! Undergo apoptosis and disappear in 24-48 hrs
Replaced by monocytes, as they survive longer and can proliferate in tissues
Exceptions
Pseudomonas infections : neutrophils continues to be recruited for several days
Viral infections: lymphocytes predominate
Allergic infections: eosinophils predominate
What is the therapeutic implication of understanding this whole process??
Helped in finding the therapeutic targets for controlling harmful inflammation
Eg: TNF blockers
Integrin antagonists: Approved.. And in clinical trials.
What NEXT? After recruitment of leukocytes
To recognize the microbes/necrotic cells/foreign bodies
Activation of Leukocytes
Phagocytosis & intracellular Killing