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The first step to reducing a self-stimulatory behavior is to identify what triggers the behavior, or to determine when and where the behavior is likely to occur. Once we identify the trigger, we can teach the individual an alternative behavior to cope with that situation. Let’s say, for example, you have determined that “XYZ” flaps his hands in the air whenever his favorite television show comes on. The next steps might involve interrupting the hand-flapping by lightly prompting XYZ to put his hands by his side, then redirecting his attention by giving him something he can do with his hands while he watches that particular television show.
When providing any type of verbal or physical redirection, it’s important to remember that the individual may learn that engaging in the self-stimulatory behavior will result in increased attention, which may be something he wants. Therefore, it is a good idea to limit the amount of attention you provide.
It is also important to remember that even after a successful behavior reduction program, individuals like XYZ may return to their old self-stimulatory behaviors during stressful situations. Therefore, be ready to provide them with more alternative behaviors that will provide the same type of reinforcement. Certain medications may also help to reduce the anxiety associated with the repetitive behavior, but you should consult with a physician before considering this type of intervention.
Reducing self-stimulatory behaviors can improve the quality of life for many individuals with autism and other special needs. If these individuals can control or reduce their stimming behaviors, they will be able to learn without distraction, interact with others without fear of being ostracized, and ultimately lead more productive and fulfilling lives.
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