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Jean Baudrillard "Why Theory?"

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Gavin Young Philosophy

Gavin Young Philosophy

Күн бұрын

In this lecture, we'll cover Baudrillard's very short yet critical essay -- for understanding his thought, that is -- "Why Theory?" In this essay, he combats reality/the reality principle, making clear the role of theory in confronting and challenging the concepts we take for granted, as well as grounding theory in an illogical, comical, seductive, and volatile form of radical theory which confronts the world without reducing it to a discourse. Enjoy!
This essay can be found in "Hatred of Capitalism", edited by Chris Kraus and Sylvere Lotringer, Semiotext(e), 2001, 129-131.
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Пікірлер: 65
@merlingeikie
@merlingeikie 5 ай бұрын
Baudrillard is a MAJOR theorist in postmodern philosophy and its SO telling to realise that his grip on reality was at best, tenuous. Like all the postmodernist, their theoretical writings extend over the whole of humanity and our history and very rarely , have practical applications or grounding in reality, except to cast doubts on all there is. This cognitive infection quickly spread to USA academia, who were cowed by the complex fermentations, but gave it lip service. The proliferation to global western woke, is history.
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
Funny how postmodern philosophy has been crucial in informing the fields of critical race theory (intimately concerned with the real effects of race and its construction), gender theory (intimately concerned with the real effects of gender and its construction), and postcolonial studies (intimately concerned with the real effects of colonialism and possible strategies to express and formulate subaltern responses to a hegemonic world). Glad to see you’ve never actually read these philosophers, or at the least never thought to look into their scholarly lineage, which is especially prevalent in academia (yes, even in the USA) concerned with real world struggles.
@binky777
@binky777 5 ай бұрын
Postmodern philosophy is making people passive and creating division. People don't even know what gender or species they belong to.
@binky777
@binky777 5 ай бұрын
​​@@gavinyoung-philosophyI wasn't even alive when colonialism existed. Keep your white guilt pushing for yourself.
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
@@binky777 Colonialism still exists. Learn your history.
@binky777
@binky777 5 ай бұрын
​​​@@gavinyoung-philosophyPostmodernism is just puppets for Maoism and dictators. Look what happend with the academics in Iran and China after the revolution. Did the people get the freedom they where promised?
@Soni91763
@Soni91763 6 күн бұрын
Firstly, great content! In regards to gender and Judith Butler's theory, I get confused about how Baudrillard's theory offers emancipatory potential for gender. Baudrillard fears the hyperreal world of transparency, whereby the gap between subject and reality is seemingly bridged and we live nihilistically. For Butler's work, I see how they have used science itself to reveal the instability of the signifiers 'man' and 'woman' to categorise these bodies as anatomically opposed. Thus, Butler tears down biological essentialism on its own terms as the ways we have identified ourselves are built on a simulacrum of patriarchal/scientific ideology which believes our identities are predicated on our sex, not our actually fluctuating body or subjective desires. Yet, whilst I agree that our bodies anatomically fluctuate and identities aren't bound to our bodily identifications, I can see where Baudrilliard comes from when arguing that we are left in a predicament in making sense of our bodies and identity. I've heard of his argument of the 'trans-sexual' in that all sexuality and genders becomes indifferent to each other and we are left in the fate of nihilism in that our bodies don't mean anything except for the illusion that we are free agents and market relations and consumption habits construct our identity (in the absence of the symbolic this is all capitalism has to offer). I see where Baudrillard is coming from but simultaneously my 'reality-principle' does lie in the treatment of other people and to argue this feels strange when I can barely understand marginalised groups experience of oppression and violence based on sexuality and gender identification. Maybe Baudrillard is being a bit dramatic and is still tied to the patriarchal reality-principle, but what is the coming principle to look like for Baudrillard if he finds gender a bad category?
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 6 күн бұрын
A very interesting and cogently-put comment! Your summary of both Butler and Baudrillard is very accurate. Your reticence regarding Baudrillard is also something I share. He does tend to be polemical and hyperbolic, therefore being perhaps a bit dramatic at the expense of precision regarding emancipation when it’s really needed. From my readings of Baudrillard, it seems that he’s simply too nihilistic himself to hope for emancipatory potential, at least when it comes to movements, schools of thought, or anything institutional (recall that in the last chapter of Simulacra and Simulation entitled “Nihilism”, Baudrillard firmly identifies himself as a nihilist). I definitely think Baudrillard’s theory leaves one feeling as if one is gasping for air, constricted in one’s ability to express agency, and I find that Baudrillard’s approach to the breakdown of identity and freedom is a helpful tool, yet it does not account for the fullness of reality. I do find that Deleuze and Guattari help escape some of the nihilistic pits Baudrillard finds himself in. Frankly, I’ve read several of his works and only rarely come across him discussing gender in any capacity (one passage in Fatal Strategies comes to mind); maybe he just didn’t find it a particularly worthwhile subject? I wish I had a better or more complete answer, but I think any Baudrillardian conception of the future of identity will be fraught with uncertainty, intense ambiguity, and paranoia regarding the emptiness of contemporary life.
@Soni91763
@Soni91763 6 күн бұрын
​@@gavinyoung-philosophy Thanks for the clarification! And I totally agree, it's also nice to hear others sharing similar feelings towards Baudrillard who think there is definite potential to take his theory further than he did because he definitely has some good and unique points. I intend to get into D&G relatively soon to equip myself with more creative ways of thinking but at the moment I find Baudrillards style of writing whilst at times difficult, it's mystic and poetic style (fiction-theory style) captures the coldness of the digital and globalised era in a very personal way.
@Soni91763
@Soni91763 6 күн бұрын
@@gavinyoung-philosophy Also I wanted to add, Baudrillard is unique (to me at least) in his accounts of globalisation, media and technology/internet and I don't know any other philosophers who account for these topics as he does. If you know any other philosophers who do please share as I believe we need more theories on these subjects.
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 6 күн бұрын
@@Soni91763 Consider Marshall McLuhan if you’re into media studies. He basically founded the discipline of media studies and is where Baudrillard got “the medium is the message” from in S&S. Also consider Byung-Chul Han as I’ve heard that he may delve into these topics a bit. Also you’re totally right about his writing style; it can be cumbersome, and yet it is very unique and able to capture contemporary life rather well.
@wretched_scrivener
@wretched_scrivener 5 ай бұрын
Your videos on Baudrillard are by far the best on youtube
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
Thanks so much for your kind words! Glad they’re of some use
@user-bh5me1nl2t
@user-bh5me1nl2t 5 ай бұрын
Great video :) It feels very freeing to hear these theories explained so well
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
Thanks for the kind words :)
@rashisti
@rashisti 5 ай бұрын
Thank you for the discourse.
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
Thank you for watching!
@anilin6353
@anilin6353 5 ай бұрын
A theory only has value if it can make true predictions; anything else is fiction.
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
Maybe, but has not all great art created its own future through its creativity and power? Cannot theory be the same way? If we only follow the world like a predictive algorithm, are we not doomed to spiral into a black hole?
@anilin6353
@anilin6353 5 ай бұрын
@@gavinyoung-philosophy No. It comes form skill, a proper use of theory, and outside funding. No, only theory that can be useful, ie to make predictions retain any value. Also no , you can make a Hegelian dialectic about which humor is effected by what kind of skull shapes or you can do something of value.
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
@@anilin6353 You seem to have proved my point. Hegel wasn’t creative, he was creating a mechanistic and totalizing system that depended on having basically exhausted the limits of the philosophy of history and the dialectic. In doing so, however, he took an idealist turn that ruined his potential. I never said to ignore the world by any means, simply that theory can play with creativity, fiction (so much of what we treat as real are in fact fictions), and the fact that philosophy is not predicative. Philosophy isn’t supposed to tell us a history that already is destined to happen, but to use thought to create a future not yet possible - and therefore not predictable.
@friendlyfire7861
@friendlyfire7861 5 ай бұрын
@@gavinyoung-philosophyI think you are accepting a teleological notion in "to use thought to create a future not yet possible" that is at odds with postmodernism.
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
@@friendlyfire7861 Why need that be teleological? Creating something new need not be teleological, it’s just circumstantial and emergent.
@supergamesgaming5677
@supergamesgaming5677 5 ай бұрын
I don't know what some people in the comments are on about for me this idea of theory as a sort of tool almost, makes a lot of sense and it kind of reminds me of Rorty's ideas which is nice.
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
I’m on your side man😂
@brianhirt5027
@brianhirt5027 5 ай бұрын
Leave it to a Frenchman to find a way to overly complicate contrasting by logical absurdism. This is why philosophy hasn't noticeably evolved since the enlightenment. Even Nietzsche couldn't break the naval gazers of crawling into their own bellybuttons & out of any broader relevance.
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
Just because it’s complicated to you doesn’t mean we haven’t made any progress since the enlightenment. Contemporary philosophy has had to learn how to cope with and dismantle many harmful notions such as rationality, race, or scientific that have had horrific sociopolitical consequences. Most philosophers would disagree with your sweeping and uncharitable generalization.
@brianhirt5027
@brianhirt5027 5 ай бұрын
​@@gavinyoung-philosophy No personal offense should be taken by you for what i'm about to say, because there is none intended. This is a more broad observation/critique instead intended for philosophy/philosophers in general. It is a critique of what it's become. It recognizes that you personally had no say creating in its current sorry state, but are instead just an invested participant. With that caveat & a swearing warning out in front.... -Philosophy- wandered into complete tripe somewhere in the 1800's. It gave world it's last few supernumerary nuggets of vestigial wisdoms, crawled up it's own ass and died. What has shambled on it's place has features reminiscent of the sport of cricket mixed with hermetic mysticism & fan fiction communities. It is little more than yogisms hidden behind esoteric language. A game furiously played working by obscure, slightly ridiculous & entirely arbitrary rulesets requiring extensive initiation to discern who's winning & why. Every player clearly believes that their actions are of vital importance to the world yet ostentatiously refuses to provide any proof of relevance or merit or utility mistakenly believing that such should be self evident. Philosophy lost the plot during the gilded age, and has been furiously covering for its absence of objective value/utility with presuppositional drivel & ontological bluster ever since. A small community of egoists all contending for a prize only they value. In some ways it reminds me of MENSA. Just full of arrogant people fooling themselves into thinking their isolation is a mark of superiority rather than irrelevance. Philosophy played out the last of it's innovative utility to the public with Schopenhauer & Nietzsche's flavors of couture miserablism. Proceeded to get lost in endless hall of self reflectiive mirrors couched as dialectics but having more true kinship to superstitions invented to flatter it's specific champions delicate egos. It no longer seeks truth. Just demands validation. Again, nothing personal. This isn't an attack on you, though I know it may feel a little like it. It is just my frank assessment of the state of what has become little more than a hobby for egoists who like to argue endlessly over trivial ephemera.
@Catachumen
@Catachumen 5 ай бұрын
If you cant trust your own rationality, isn't this all just babble?
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
It’s not a matter of giving up rational or thoughtful discourse, but rather dispensing with “rationality” as a qualifier to coherent discourse. Rationality, as I mentioned, has been used to disclude and oppress various minority groups on the grounds of imposed categories. As such, Baudrillard’s conception of theory’s relationship to the world is aimed at eliminating the problematic recourse to a rational, coherent, exhaustible world that leads us to such uses of rationality.
@Catachumen
@Catachumen 5 ай бұрын
@@gavinyoung-philosophy How do you give up rationality and still have coherent discourse?
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
@@Catachumen Insist on “rational” as a fluid and made up concept just like race, for example. Don’t use rationality as a bar by which to selectively decide what discourse is relevant and what can be written off. Contest rules of discourse by examining on their own turf.
@Catachumen
@Catachumen 5 ай бұрын
@@gavinyoung-philosophy Why not just accept God is real and then you have an objective basis for the existence of morals, logic, reason, truth, love, and beauty? Everything is not relative and you will only think that way until someone comes to steal your things.
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
@@Catachumen I’m not a theist. Can’t just think objectivity into things🤷‍♂️
@fortunatomartino8549
@fortunatomartino8549 5 ай бұрын
They gave us an elephantine monstrosity instead of the Mona Lisa In the thumbnail
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
Cool painting, huh?
@fortunatomartino8549
@fortunatomartino8549 5 ай бұрын
@gavinyoung-philosophy I appreciate dadaism But this is especially ugly
@gavinyoung-philosophy
@gavinyoung-philosophy 5 ай бұрын
@@fortunatomartino8549 It’s Dadaism; it’s not supposed to be attractive, it’s supposed to be transgressive and a conglomerate.
@fortunatomartino8549
@fortunatomartino8549 5 ай бұрын
@@gavinyoung-philosophy In a word ugly
@fortunatomartino8549
@fortunatomartino8549 5 ай бұрын
@@gavinyoung-philosophy In a word, ugly
@therealshannonpeoples
@therealshannonpeoples 5 ай бұрын
Reality is a weasel word
@friendlyfire7861
@friendlyfire7861 5 ай бұрын
God, what crap. What philosophers say when they've run out of ideas. Thanks for the reminder of why I quit comparative literature.
@calebwalle5330
@calebwalle5330 5 ай бұрын
agreed, only someone out of touch with reality could believe this shit 🤣.
@friendlyfire7861
@friendlyfire7861 5 ай бұрын
@@calebwalle5330 👍
@anhumblemessengerofthelawo3858
@anhumblemessengerofthelawo3858 5 ай бұрын
​@@friendlyfire7861 His theory is basically what Plato discusses in the Divided Line, when, upon learning of mathematical truths, man can either use these truths to move our of and away from the cave and closer to the One, or, use this theory to control the world (thereby biting yourself to it). That's why Plato says education is literally "turning around." There is no truth possible in the world, for ours is the plane of perception. To accord "truth" to dreams is just how modern man lives.
@friendlyfire7861
@friendlyfire7861 5 ай бұрын
@@anhumblemessengerofthelawo3858Yes, basically it always comes back to the Greeks. It's kind of the Pareto principle of philosophical insight.
@user-bh5me1nl2t
@user-bh5me1nl2t 5 ай бұрын
Maybe its just not for you
@realityisiamthespoonthefor6735
@realityisiamthespoonthefor6735 5 ай бұрын
I don't appreciate your reference to the word "reality" as a weasel word.
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