John C. Calhoun: Defender of Racial Slavery & White Democracy

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Letters and Politics

Letters and Politics

Күн бұрын

Guest: Robert Elder, professor of history at Baylor University and author of the book Calhoun: American Heretic.

Пікірлер: 75
@johnweber4577
@johnweber4577 2 жыл бұрын
The only part that bothered me a bit was when he was talking about Jefferson. Perhaps you could argue that he didn't do enough about slavery, but not nothing. He pushed a law in the Virginia colony prior to the American Revolution to put an end to the institution there that was unilaterally batted down by Parliament and as president ended America's involvement in the Transatlantic Slave Trade in 1807 on the first day the Constitution permitted him to do so.
@LacyChuck
@LacyChuck 2 жыл бұрын
Ending the transatlantic slave trade dramatically increased the value of Jefferson's enslaved property.
@johnweber4577
@johnweber4577 2 жыл бұрын
@@LacyChuck I’m sure him attempting to get the institution banned in Virginia all together before the Revolution only to be struck down by Parliament and outright condemning the institution in the original draft of the Declaration of Independence, which was taken out at the insistence of John Adams and Benjamin Franklin for reasons of pragmatism, can in no way shed light why he actually made that decision. As I said in the original comment, if one wants to argue that he ultimately didn’t do enough on the issue, that’s fair enough. But to say he did absolutely nothing or even fundamentally supported it is simply not true.
@LacyChuck
@LacyChuck 2 жыл бұрын
@@johnweber4577 He enslaved 600 people in his life and freed 2.
@johnweber4577
@johnweber4577 2 жыл бұрын
@@LacyChuck You mean slaves he inherited from his father that were tied to his family home which had been continuously spiraling into debt beforehand and afterward which were legally categorized as financial assets frozen by the banks to be used as collateral and this made freeing most of them nearly impossible right?
@EdibleFlipFlops
@EdibleFlipFlops 2 жыл бұрын
Jefferson was a founder of the American colonization society. He thought all the coloreds should be shipped to Africa.
@EpicToroX3
@EpicToroX3 2 жыл бұрын
This was great, thanks for sharing !
@neilmoore7194
@neilmoore7194 3 жыл бұрын
Mitch, increase the volume on your audio..I have noticed this is an ongoing problem with your stream. But I do enjoy your interviews!
@EdibleFlipFlops
@EdibleFlipFlops 2 жыл бұрын
The basement grandpa doesn’t want to talk about.
@henriomoeje8741
@henriomoeje8741 11 ай бұрын
The architect of the doctrine of nullification. He was indeed a vampire, that sucked the blood out of enslaved people.
@ianfrye7900
@ianfrye7900 2 күн бұрын
@25:38 ish. The cornerstone speech is so fixated on it’s very strange. This seems to me to be something that the North latched on to in order to “prove” that the South was fighting for slavery. Why should the vice president get the last word on what it was all about? His superior, President Davis, was willing to give up slavery for foreign intervention in order to achieve independence. That should give people a clue as to the priorities of the confederacy.
@glennisholcomb592
@glennisholcomb592 10 ай бұрын
The more I think about it Calhoun sounds like a good Irish name
@alyanahautman381
@alyanahautman381 7 ай бұрын
Calhoun was Scot-Irish, his dad Patrick was originally from Donegal, Ireland.
@brianmcgrail4532
@brianmcgrail4532 5 ай бұрын
I have yet to see a portrait of Calhoun in which he doesn't look deranged. Maybe mental illness was mistaken as holy enlightenment.
@lungeranon7645
@lungeranon7645 5 ай бұрын
He looked better in younger portraits. As he got older, he definitely got that mad look. Great hair though.
@charleschase1300
@charleschase1300 2 жыл бұрын
He used to play with himself.
@vntajones
@vntajones Жыл бұрын
I am John C Calhoun 3 greats granddaughter
@tedosmond413
@tedosmond413 2 жыл бұрын
ironic that Jeffersonian republicanism is best manifested in Vermont and Northern New England.
@andrewdehart6191
@andrewdehart6191 Жыл бұрын
The American System was hardly Jeffersonian.
@therambler3055
@therambler3055 9 ай бұрын
Jeffersonianism would not be found normally in New England. New England was mostly Hamiltonian (Alexander Hamilton). Especially the farther you get into the 1800s.
@ianfrye7900
@ianfrye7900 2 күн бұрын
@32:30 the idea that Calhoun thought that secession was permissible but did not advocate for it is only contradictory to some people because they have this cognitive dissonance about secession wherein the founding fathers advocating for secession is good but on the other hand secession is illegal and wrong. They have an illogical fixation on Southern secession. I’m sure everyone can think of something that they think is permissible but should not be advocated except as a last resort. I think divorce is permissible but should only be pursued when all else has failed. Is that contradictory? Or is it just reasonable?
@danhworth100
@danhworth100 2 жыл бұрын
The interviewer keeps saying “succession” rather than “secession”. Is that a valid alternative pronunciation that I’m not aware of?
@lettersandpolitics3605
@lettersandpolitics3605 2 жыл бұрын
It’s not.
@owlnyc666
@owlnyc666 2 жыл бұрын
Does it really matter if you know what he meant?😊
@JeffersonianAmericaNetwork
@JeffersonianAmericaNetwork Жыл бұрын
Of course not --
@glennisholcomb592
@glennisholcomb592 10 ай бұрын
I think the exploitation is one of the finer points defenders of capitalism. Kind of miss. Because they believe exploitation means stuff, necessarily generated by themselves, or privately, by an individual person which never happens. If there was a segue into the capitalism that they were talking about then it would be this dispensation that involves mechanization, because mechanization discourages the use of human beings as being in efficient. I think that Eli’s Whitney and the use of the cotton gin is a good example of that.
@owlnyc666
@owlnyc666 2 жыл бұрын
Conservatives, looking at American history through "rose colored glasses?"🤔
@Mzee1084
@Mzee1084 Жыл бұрын
John Calhoun has served as a major inspiration on the modern conservative movement that the Republican party is now. James M. Buchanan, and Charles Wallace Collins in the 1940s began using Calhoun's white supremacist philosophy and extending it to other conservative ideals like free-market capitalism. A major difference though is that conservatives would put their ideologues in all positions of power including the courts, educational institutions, and more to take over the whole country essentially. This is what Buchanan spent his life doing. I just picked up a copy of Elder's book American Heretic, and will be reading it next.
@glennisholcomb592
@glennisholcomb592 11 ай бұрын
i think that calhoun would have advocated a more gental slavery as an investment. its interesting because I long said that america would have been more comfortable with black people only occupying certain sectors in america as in labor and never thinkers.
@libertycoffeehouse3944
@libertycoffeehouse3944 2 жыл бұрын
Southern secession was legal. How do we know this? The states ratified the constitution in 1789. Three states Virginia, New York and Rhode Island put resumption clauses in their ratification documents. Abraham Lincoln gave a speech in Congress in 1848 stating secession was the right of all free people. The north considered secession five times in the early republic period. No one said it was illegal. The United States was and is a federal republic. The notes from the Philadelphia Convention, notes on state ratification, and "Federalist" papers show that America remained a federation when it left the Articles of Confederation and made a more perfect union. It was Joseph Story “Commentaries on the Constitution” who advanced that America was not a federation but a consolidated government despite the Framers words who wrote the document and primary documents contradicting his false assertion. Daniel Webster, and Lincoln would cling to Story’s single nation theory as a way of saying the union was indivisible. Remember that Webster was pushing for nullification during the War of 1812 and this contradicts his later Webster-Haynes speech. The north would not let the South leave the union because of the negative economic consequences of disunion. If the south left the union, it would have been a free trade zone which would have collapsed northern industry. Additionally, the south was providing over 75 percent of the revenue for the general government from the tariff which disproportionately impacted the south. You must not confuse the reasons for the south leaving the union with the causes of the war. Northern industrialist and commercial bankers wanted to use the general government to promote industry. Think crony capitalism. The problem with this is it was not constitutional. Though the southerners eventually capitulated on the railroad the rest of Henry Clay’s American System was contested by the south. The northern Congressmen thought if they could limit slavery in the territories, then new states would side with them on the American System. The Anti-Slavery movement of the north was a racist position as it prohibited slaves or free blacks in the western territory. It was for “free white labor only.” Lastly, John C Calhoun “Disquisition on Government” said the only way you could limit power and force the general government to follow the constitution was a concept called the “Concurrent Majority” which meant the states would have a veto over unconstitutional law. This would protect the minority form the majority which is how you protect liberty. This is why he is considered one of the greatest political thinkers of the 1800’s. In order to understand the 1800’s, you must set aside presentism. Wise men learn from history while ignorant men judge history. Plantation slavery was terrible but so was “Yankee wage save labor.” Men working in foundries died and lost limbs all the time for scant wages. Working in cotton mills exposed lungs to debris that caused medical conditions and death. Slavery is evil but slaves were fed, clothed, sheltered, provided medical care and taken care of in their old age. It was in this context that John C. Calhoun gives his slavery as a “Positive Good Speech.” The elite banking and industrial families who won the war are still in power today. They exported wage slavery all over the world yet leftist professors cling to slavery that died over a hundred years ago. Are these college professors side tracking Americans to protect these elites?
@syourke3
@syourke3 Жыл бұрын
In his first inaugural address, Lincoln conceded that the southern states would be justified in seceding from the union if their vital interests were threatened by the federal government. He just argued that their vital interests were not threatened and therefore they have no right to secede. He likened the federal union as based on contract law.
@Mzee1084
@Mzee1084 Жыл бұрын
A lot to unpack here. "The Anti-Slavery movement of the north was a racist position" what? This is taking reverse racism to the extreme... You gave yourself away when you said "leftist professor" and then strawmanned them as no one is saying that slavery around the world has been gone for over 100 years. Slavery, very much exists around the world today. You are engaging in revisionist history, which has been part of the conservative movement that attempts to paint the Confederacy and America's racist past in a more favorable light. This is the Lost Cause narrative. You also missed that we are not just a constitutional republic, but one with a representative democracy. Conservatives claiming we are not a Democracy, but a Republic has become increasingly common in recent years because they have been trying to enact minority rule since they know their policies typically are deeply unpopular with the majority of the country, and need to justify their anti-Democratic behavior to their base. Republic and Democracy are not mutually exclusive. The south leaving the union because they wouldn't give up their right to own slaves is what primarily caused the Civil War. "Plantation slavery was terrible but so was “Yankee wage save labor.” Men working in foundries died and lost limbs all the time for scant wages. Working in cotton mills exposed lungs to debris that caused medical conditions and death." The problem with this is that it is a rhetorical strategy of whataboutisms. Both are bad, and no one from the 'left' has been disputing that. The so called left even fought against both, while the right wing has fought to preserve both. For example, the conservative movement is so anti-union and has been rolling back regulations on worker rights, which makes this kind of comment rather hypocritical. Your defense of slavery by saying it is evil and then saying they were treated well doesn't make much sense as they were not treated well. This was a rationalization that people like Calhoun would use cause they benefited so much from Slavery and did not want to lose that. Slaves were brutally beaten, and over-worked and not paid wages for it. Even after the civil war in the South Whites in power refused to give up white supremacy by enacting black codes, and then when they were struck down they would enact Jim Crow Laws, which would stay into the Civil Rights era. Much of the conservative movement today is driven by 'white backlash' politics, where they can't accept sharing equal rights with minorities. Conservatives always talk about freedom as so essential, but you are rationalizing slaves not having any. The Constitution applies to African Americans equally with Whites, which the American Conservative movement refuses to accept. Nancy Mclean outlines the long-term plan by Conservatives to reshape our Government by changing the rules to turn us into an autocratic nation in her book Democracy in Chains. This is what James M.Buchanan spent his life doing, and he began working with the Koch brothers to put this plan into action. Revisionist historians to argue a Southern interpretation of the constitution and use arguments along the line of the ones you are making is an example of this.
@TheStapleGunKid
@TheStapleGunKid Жыл бұрын
James Madison calls out your nonsense: _"The essential difference between a free Govt. & Govts. not free, is that the former is founded in compact, the parties to which are mutually and equally bound by it. Neither of them therefore can have a greater right to break off from the bargain, than the other or others have to hold him to it. And certainly there is nothing in the Virginia Resolutions of +98. adverse to this principle, which is that of common sense & common justice. The fallacy which draws a different conclusion from them lies in confounding a single party, with the parties, to the Constitutional compact of the U. S. The latter having made the compact may do what they will with it. The former as one only of the parties, owes fidelity to it, till released by consent, or be absolved by an intolerable abuse of the power created...It is remarkable how closely the nullifiers, who make the name of Mr. Jefferson the pedestal for their colossal heresy, shut their eyes & lips, whenever his authority is ever so clearly & emphatically agst. them. You have noticed what he says in his letters to Monroe & Carrington ps. 43 & 202. Vol 2d with respect to the power of the old Congs. to coerce delinquent States, and his reasons for preferring for the purpose a naval to a military force; and moreover his remark that it was not necessary to find a right to coerce, in the Federal Articles; that being inherent in the nature of a compact. It is hightime that the claim to secede at will should be put down by the public opinion; and I shall be glad to see the task commenced by one who understands the subject."_ --James Madison, letter to N.P. Trist The claim the South was paying 75% of federal taxes is also total BS. Federal taxes at the time were entirely based around tariffs on imports, and the North, having a larger population and more ports, imported way more property than the South did. Nearly 60% of imports came through New York alone. This is why the North was able to pay for itself and its armies, while the South's economy in the war was wrecked. And no there was never any attempt to prohibit blacks in the federal territories. Just one more falsehood from you out of many. All you have to do to debunk this lie is read the Republican party platform of 1860, which extensively covers the need to ban slavery there, but makes no mention of banning blacks. The Republican party was formed explicitly as an anti-slavery party. It's goal was to prohibit the expansion of slavery, as that would lead to the abolition of slavery in the rest of the country as well. Their oppositon to slavery was the only reason the Republican party was formed, the only reason Lincoln was nominated for president, the only reason he was elected President, and the only reason the South seceded in response to him being elected President. The South was the side that seceded and started the war. And they did so entirely to preserve slavery. They made the war about slavery, not the North. The CSA was formed for slavery, started the war for slavery, and died for slavery, just as Calhoun would have wanted had he been alive at the time.
@kenfresno5218
@kenfresno5218 Жыл бұрын
@@TheStapleGunKid So if Richmond fell before the Emancipation what would have happened to the slaves? Oh that's right it would have stayed in place so what were they fighting for then?
@kenfresno5218
@kenfresno5218 Жыл бұрын
@@TheStapleGunKid Senator John Trumbull stood up in the Senate and said to Calhoun, "The North does not want a free negro population" Benjamin Wade wrote a letter to his wife saying he could smell the black people in Washington DC after Emancipation. When John Randolph freed his slaves and bought them property in Ohio, they were quickly chased off that property by racists whites. You are delusional to think black people were loved in the North. And then the New York and Baltimore race riots as well.
@owlnyc666
@owlnyc666 2 жыл бұрын
Excellent video. I was curious about how slavery was intellectually(?)defended. 🤔🇺🇸
@Endgame707
@Endgame707 Жыл бұрын
John C Calhoun Was European 🇪🇺
@JeffersonianAmericaNetwork
@JeffersonianAmericaNetwork Жыл бұрын
@@Endgame707 You act like slavery was not world wide. Slavery was the standard. What about Blacks that owned slaves?
@Mzee1084
@Mzee1084 11 ай бұрын
​@@JeffersonianAmericaNetwork Doesn't make slavery any less wrong. Your argument sounds like you are normalizing slavery by saying everyone else does it too. This is sadly a common argument from those on the right-wing. Britain banned slavery in its colonies in 1833, and it took more than 30 years later and a civil war before the United States would.
@eflint1
@eflint1 Жыл бұрын
In all fairness to Calhoun. 90% of Americans thought like him at the time on race. Calhoun was a brilliant scholar of the Constitution and his Constitutional views deserve consideration.
@chacesimpson2856
@chacesimpson2856 Жыл бұрын
thats not a good excuse,he knew it was wrong
@Mzee1084
@Mzee1084 Жыл бұрын
90%? Then why would Calhoun be so focused on finding 'constitutional' ways to protect Slavery from the majority? Abolition had so much support through the country that the South felt incredibly threatened that they would lose the ability to own slaves.
@TheStapleGunKid
@TheStapleGunKid Жыл бұрын
The issue with Calhoun isn't his views on race, it's his views on slavery. Those are two totally different things. Calhoun considered slavery a "positive good" and fought his entire life to defend it. He was the biggest salesman for slavery in American history. Considering slavery to be a positive good was an extreme view, even among slave owners. Many slave owners only defended slavery as a necessary evil, not a positive good
@PersistentPatriot
@PersistentPatriot Жыл бұрын
in 2023 we can look at america and see these southerners were absolutely correct. Harsh Truth, the Truth always hurts!
@kenfresno5218
@kenfresno5218 Жыл бұрын
@@TheStapleGunKid He didn't think it was good in the abstract but considered it as it had already existed. You should probably read the whole speech.
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