قطع غيار السيارات - معلومات و نصائح هي قناة خاصة، مغربية تقدم معلومات جد مهمة في مجال قطع غيار السيارات من طرف خبير في المجال.
#قطع_غيار_السيارات
#car_parts
#pièces_de_rechange_automobile
#Embrayage
#كلتش
التعشيق هو التحكم في سرعة السيارة بتحريك لوحة المعشق قليلا لنقل الحركة مستعملا دواسة المعشق بدلا من دواسة الوقود أو بالتزامن معها.
L’embrayage est l’élément permettant d’assurer la liaison entre le mouvement de rotation généré par le moteur et les roues. Il permet également au conducteur de passer les différentes vitesses disponibles sur son véhicule. En choisissant une vitesse sur sa boîte de vitesses, l’usager va pouvoir changer la puissance générée par le moteur. C’est le rôle de l'embrayage que de transmettre ces changements de vitesses d’abord de la boîte de vitesses vers le moteur, puis du moteur vers les roues, qui pourront aller plus ou moins vite, en fonction de la vitesse choisie par l’usager.
A clutch is a mechanical device that engages and disengages power transmission, especially from a drive shaft (driving shaft) to a driven shaft.[1] In the simplest application, clutches connect and disconnect two rotating shafts (drive shafts or line shafts). In these devices, one shaft is typically attached to an engine and other to power unit (the driving member), while the other shaft (the driven member) provides output power for work. Typically the motions involved are rotary, but linear clutches also exist.
In a motor vehicle, the clutch acts as a mechanical linkage between the engine and transmission, and briefly disconnects, or separates the engine from the transmission system. This disconnects the drive wheels whenever the clutch pedal is depressed, allowing the driver to smoothly change gears.
In a torque-controlled drill, for instance, one shaft is driven by a motor, and the other drives a drill chuck.[2] The clutch connects the two shafts so they may be locked together and spin at the same speed (engaged), locked together but spinning at different speeds (slipping), or unlocked and spinning at different speeds (disengaged).
Dry clutch
Diagram of a friction clutch
A dry clutch uses dry friction to transfer power from the input shaft to the output shaft. The majority of clutches are dry clutches. Slippage of a friction clutch (where the clutch is partially engaged but the shafts are rotating at different speeds) is sometimes required, such as when a motor vehicle accelerates from a standstill; however the slippage should be minimised to avoid increased wear rates.
In a pull-type clutch, pressing the pedal pulls the release bearing to disengage the clutch. In a push-type clutch, pressing the pedal pushes the release bearing to disengage the clutch.
A multi-plate clutch consists of several friction plates arranged concentrically and is sometimes used in order to reduce the diameter of the clutch or to provide different 'stages' of slippage (for example in a drag racing car) to control the rate at which the engine's torque is transferred to the wheels during acceleration from a standing start.
Materials:
A common friction material is an organic compound resin with a copper wire facing or a ceramic material.[3] Ceramic materials can often transmit higher torque loads, but they can cause increased wear rates of the flywheel. Until the mid 1990s asbestos was also used in clutch plates.[citation needed]
Spring centres and clutch dampers
A clutch disc can include springs which are designed to change the natural frequency of the clutch disc, in order to reduce vibration or audible rattling from the gearbox when the engine is idling in neutral.
A clutch damper is a device that softens the response of the clutch engagement/disengagement. In automotive applications, this is often provided by a mechanism in the clutch disc centre.
Wet clutch
In a wet clutch, the friction material sits in an oil bath (or has flow-through oil) which cools and lubricates the clutch. This can provide smoother engagement and a longer lifespan of the clutch, however wet clutches can have a lower efficiency due to some energy being transferred to the oil. Since the surfaces of a wet clutch can be slippery (as with a motorcycle clutch bathed in engine oil), stacking multiple clutch discs can compensate for the lower coefficient of friction and so eliminate slippage under power when fully engaged.
Wet clutches often use a composite paper material.