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In this German lesson, you will learn how to form the three tenses present, future and perfect (past) using examples with verbs.
The German tense future I mainly expresses an intention for the future or a presumption for the present or future.
-intention for the future:
We're going to play board games at the weekend.
- Presumption (for the future)
Max will easily pass the German exam.
- Assumption (for the present)
He will probably be learning German.
How do you form the future tense I?
To conjugate verbs in the future tense I, we need the forms of werden and the infinitive (basic form) of the full verb. The verb "werden" is conjugated.
We mainly use the German present tense (Gegenwartsform) to talk about the present and future. It is the most frequently used tense in German.
We can use the present tense to express the present and the future. We use the present tense in the following cases:
Facts or states of affairs in the present
Felix is learning German.
Actions that take place in the present once, several times or never
He goes to German class every Tuesday.
Actions that express how long something has been happening
He has been living in Germany for 5 years.
Actions in the future that are already fixed or agreed upon
Next Saturday I'm taking the German test. To conjugate verbs in the present tense, we remove the infinitive ending -en and add the following endings.
1st person singular (ich) -e ich lerne
2nd person singular (du) -st du lernst
3rd person singular (er/sie/es/man) -t er lernt
1st person plural (wir) -en we learn
2nd person plural (ihr) -t ihr lernt
3rd person plural/polite form (sie/ie) -en sie lernen
As always in the German language, there are of course many irregular verbs and many exceptions. Watch our videos on the conjugation of weak and strong verbs.
We use the German perfect tense (completed present) for completed actions in which the result or consequence is in the foreground. In spoken language, we often use the perfect tense instead of the past tense.
To conjugate verbs in the perfect tense, we need the present tense forms of sein/haben and the past participle 2 of the full verb. As with the future tense, the conjugated auxiliary verb is in second position and the past participle is at the end of the sentence.
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