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Complementary:
1) we have to measure EF in A2C too. The same technique &rules
2) Most important landmark for correct Apical view is that apex (endocardium part) doesn't move down more than few mm in systole
3) In cases of LV enlargement or WMA most of the time we need adjust our tracing
4) for tracing endocardium without using Simpson disk pattern you can check this clip:
• Ejection fraction meas...
5) if you don't have clear endocardium, use contrast then measure. It is an indication for contrast study.
BY: Seyed A Sadatian MD. RDCS, RDMS. RVT
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