Full podcast episode: kzfaq.info/get/bejne/l7CfhbB3vNSWep8.html Lex Fridman podcast channel: kzfaq.info Guest bio: Dennis Whyte is a nuclear scientist at MIT and the director of the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center.

Lex was super excited & extremely animated during this segment.

Lex - this is one of your very best interviews. Have Whyte on again and again.

Thank you for this video Lex. You’re always helping fill the gaps in my knowledge ❤

This is so fun to listen and learn!

I love watching podcasts to learn about stuff I never would have thought about in the first place 😁

Beautifully explained. Thanks for the video!

Astrophysicists: "99% of the universe is plasma" Also, Astrophysicists: "shut up about plasma cosmology. We dont like being wrong"

Would hate to have him as a professor. Constantly interrupts his own train of thought, filling in missing pieces. Driving me nutty.

Man, I LOVE smart conversations.

I remember being in 7th grade i really liked the history channel and they have a special on states of matter. Oh boi did i feel cool coming into science class and the teacher asks how many states of matter their are. In my head i knew this was my moment and all the kids said 3. The teacher said yes, so i rose my hand and asked what about plasma!? The teacher shocked looked at me and goes "im impressed you know about plasma but i know almost nothing about it" 😂 i felt cool and dumb because i also didnt really know anything about it i just heard it was a 4th state of matter

plz do a pod on the magnetic field shift

- How will AI learn about the real physical world? - AI is already learning about the real physical world. This video literally demonstrating this process. It just invites physics experts and interviews them.

excellent Dennis and Lex

The 5th state occurs in the opposite way….it’s called the Einstein -Bose condensate and as you lower temperature more and more and approach “absolute zero” (-460 degrees Fahrenheit) at minus 460 degrees F matter becomes so rigid all the billions of tiny atoms blend together into one large uniform atom. This state is called the Einstein-Bose condensate and pretty much all super conducting metals at this temperature just stand still in mid air. (Not even gravity can force it to move up, down, left or right). At this point any super conducting metal in this phase becomes “quantum locked” by the universe’s magnetic field.

What a fantastic explanation

"The Klingons call it plasma but it's merely ionized gas." -Spock

Is the moment when interactions are at their peak when fusion/fission occur?

The atoms in a gas are like a bunch of solid bouncy balls flying around in an empty room. When they hit eachother or walls, they kinda just deflect. Plasma however, are those same balls, but they are always actively pulling eachother together as if they had their own magnetic field AND when the balls collide, they merge into a larger "soup" of nuetrons, protons, and electrons.

It's not counterintuitive at all. It's like with potholes, train track crossings, etc. Outside the obvious examples where it doesn't apply, if you want to "miss" or otherwise minimize the experience of hitting a pothole, it's not better to slow down but instead to go not just faster but literally as fast as you can. You can also use a bullet velocity and drop as example. There's simply a necessary window of time things need to interact in a specific way. The faster you go, the less the drop from gravity by the time you meet with the other side, so depending almost purely on the length of the hole and your speed, you may only experience a small noncomformance. There's a shared area in which certain interactions are possible/probable mediated by time, and speed decreases time; therefore, interactions become increasingly scarce (you experience less and less of a thud from the pothole).

Great information, would be nice if the cap don't randomly switch to the person who doesn't talk.

What is the role of plasma in the universe?

I loved the end. Fusion. Oh yeah. Now makes more sense.

But if they are moving faster, their magnetic fields should be stronger, so do they really interact less?

So, in essential, is this the basic fundamental way how entanglement is broken down? The composition of a stars mass matter is plasma radiating matter and particles, at different phases it generating at, so all those phases are entangled?

Wouldn't the high velocity charged particles exchange some of their coulomb force for magnetic force because of their high relative velocities? And those magnet forces are orthogonal to the vector between the particles.

I am still not able to understand the significance of Plasma. Hopefully, Derek Muller (Veritasium) will come up with another creative way to explain the same.

Exclusion Zones Creates “Brownian Motion”… (2013, 4th phase of water, Pollack)…

I didn't quite understand his reasoning for the fact that increased temperature doesn't increase interaction between the atoms. Is he saying that because the particles don't have electrons, and interact solely through their naked charge so to speak they exchange less information? Id appreciate if any science wizards could explain. Thank you.

1:02 he says liquid gas density is 10,000 to 1. No. 1000 approx to one.

Would the state of matter beyond an event horizon of a black hole count as a different state of mass?

But i am still curious, ignoring the temperature, how IS plasma? Its like jelly? Its like the wind? What is the consistency?

Just to ask a question I know that obviously the energy is due to the change in mass but can I say this is also due to strong force interactions aswell...thus all the heat producing the plasma....so all this coulomb collisions from a distance are and the above are thus responsible for the heat, solar flares and the electric field and light produced? So from a biology prospective can I then say all the above are then really turned to power biology electric systems or charge systems aswell as plasma is charge (from high school all I can remember about Coulomb is mainly electric charges)... I'm asking this because virtually everything gets it's source from plant Chloroplasts and then uses mitochondria for to use that for its needs....the two are very related as they have similar structures and similar looking reactions and also to be stolen from ancient prokaryotes....Electromagnetic radiation as the source of is what is first used but it seems after theat the NAPH; NADH, FAD2 all seem to feed into ion chains, cytrochromes and protein ion channels to move mainly electrons around... So even the most historically important organs are really mainly pure electric transmission the brain and the heart...simarly the heat producing channels needed for all other chemical reactions.... so can i ask then how important is electricity and charge to all this starting from the plasma and fusion...and you really described collision from a distance as information interactions... charges in brain are absolute information. And then also the question is this is the case can this produce a bias if every observation we make first has to be turned to electricity to be processed can the biology thus affect the physics?

Plasmas can also absorb electromagnetic waves such as radar. Hence, “plasma stealth” 😅😊

My brain will not let me understand that way over top my head my brain just shuts down

This guy is a legendary explainer

The narrator of this show has his own kind of independent cool. That nobodyes the dude is intelligent well spoken And patient most of all, on top of being very well dressed my favorite smart guy

Thank you.

Can someone tell me where and how combustion falls into this wonderful physics lesson

Future so bright - Timbuk3

5:37 The particles have an electrical charge? I think he meant to say magnetic charge

Heraclitus taught that everything is ruled by the thunder

What state of matter is a flame?

All kids are EINSTEIN until the parents punish them for the destruction they cause being creative but fire damage is DEFINITELY GOING TO LEAD TO " grounded for life"

Is it possible aliens may have roving bases in sun spots and they paint if black so we can't see it

Why do we call the thing in blood “plasma”? Lastly, how can we make a plasma grenade with this knowledge?

How come we can heat substances to millions of degrees but things can only get but so cold before they won't go any lower?

Plasma makes up 99% of the Milky Way Galexy. The core of stars is a superfluid.

All the 6th grade kids I knew would say “nope there are 4 phase … plasma” then talked about plasma weapons.

Like the repulsive effect you feel when you put the positive ends of a magnet together. They repel each other…You can feel the repulsion

This synchronizes miraculously with the subjects Randall Carlson has been introducing and and is scheduled to talk about on the rogan podcast in the next few weeks.

Plasma kicks ASS.

“Earth, water, air, and fire” are mistranslated terms for “solids, liquids, gasses, and plasmas.” There’s also a fifth state (ie, the quintessence).

Compressed plasma in microgravity?

You can make plasma really easily. Put a lit match in the microwave and turn it on

I've said for years that stars and galaxies are electromagnetic, toroidal plasmoids.

Frac uses plasma

SOLID, LIQUID, GAS, PLASMA and LIGHT =AETHER=PURE ENERGY !!! there are 5 phase of matter

Leptiionan Mechanics

My cat is drinking out of the sink.

Put lex in your lexicon

It is extremely interesting🙂😎 until anyone has questions to ask. And then👋

I literally went to community college. I could have explained plasma when I was 14. Next episode can you get a poop expert to explain how to wipe our asses? Or maybe how to use a faucet lol.

Chestto Algidota Qyoshi

Matter is just cold energy

What about the first state of matter which is a monoatomic nano state huhh genius.

if you want more math is it

Theory of gases attributed to Einstein? Wow, man, u sure it wasn't Elvis?

Also err….what is ‘Hot’

Plasma definition... It's not LED

this is what karen viewers in the comments complaining that lex clickbaited on a video cause the title highlighted what was interesting about the discussion... we get a title so succinct it only makes sense that it is used as an educational video at hihgschool

👍

but why male models?

Electric Universe. 👌 Best Universe.

Plasma can explain what black holes are made out of because black holes breakdown Atoms into smaller more dense material

I've yet to see convincing evidence that the sun is a huge fireball millions of miles away. Lots of talk and sus photos. That's it.

something tells me Lex is mad that this guy is a gentile and not a jew

Whenever I hear elementary particle physics explained, strangely I hear this song : kzfaq.info/get/bejne/hL6Tldypq7Sng5c.html

Yeah - this is definitely not a quality explanation. Lex, I'd appreciate your content more if you filter out the low quality clips, topical interest aside.

He gives good explanations, however his explanations are for people with at least some basic knowledge in physics. I would dare to say most people wouldn't be able to understand him fully.

Not too good of an explainer.

Then there's supercritical fluid lol

No.

Y do teaches not trust kids with the truth? There's well beyond a couple dozen states not just 4 either. My prof 1 time gave Me shit for disrupting the class because I darred ask y our textbooks had no mention of superfluids/solids or BoseEinsteinCondensate or QuarkGluonPlasma despite 7 eleven having scientific American megs with more advanced stuff for 7bucks than my $300 textbook. School is a scam.

99% of the mass of the universe is plasma? Lol, no. I guess he doesn't do much astrophysics...? Stellar formation is an inefficient process. Only about 10% of galactic mass is in stars. The rest is gas that failed to condense into a star. But this is not accounting for dark matter and dark energy. Counting that stuff, close to 0% of the universe is plasma.

That's why I taught my kids myself about this. They then named our knew female cat Plasma. Science just keeps winning.

coal fusion

I'm sure he isn't, but Lex just seems so bored lol

dont like the hair cut

terrible explanation

Did the interviewer’s hair get caught in a reverse plasma stream? What’s up with that?

Is this the reason why a hypothetical UFO would weigh less the faster it moved? Super heated plasma pushing less against itself the more it was heated?