Molecular Orbital MO Theory Simplified for Sigma and Pi Bonds

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Leah4sci.com/MO... presents: Molecular Orbital Theory for Sigma and Pi Bonds
Need help with Orgo? Download my free guide ’10 Secrets to Acing Organic Chemistry’ HERE: leah4sci.com/or...
In this video, I’ll walk you through the most basic and foundational concepts behind Molecular Orbital theory for both sigma and pi bonds. You’ll learn the difference in bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals through a simple analogy and also how they compare on an energy diagram to the atomic orbitals of the bonding atoms. Additionally, you’ll learn to depict molecular orbitals, both bonding and antibonding, with simple drawings.
In this video:
[0:13] Introduction to Molecular Orbital Theory
[2:29] Review of Energy Diagram of H2 Gas
[6:04] Difference Between the Antibonding and Bonding MO
[7:10] Molecular Orbitals for Pi Bonds
Links & Resources Mentioned In This Video:
Organic Chemistry Basics Leah4sci.com/Or...
Resonance Structures in Organic Chemistry Leah4sci.com/Re...
Molecular Orbital Theory Leah4sci.com/MO...
This is part of the Molecular Orbital Theory Mini Series. Catch the entire MO Theory Video Series on my website at leah4sci.com/MO...
Follow along with your semester by using my Orgo Syllabus Companion: leah4sci.com/sy...
For more in-depth review including practice problems and explanations, come join my online membership site the organic chemistry study hall: leah4sci.com/join
For private online tutoring visit my website: leah4sci.com/or...
For questions and comments, find me on social media here:
Facebook: / leah4sci
Twitter: / leah4sci
Instagram: / leah4sci
Pinterest: / leah4sci

Пікірлер: 184

@boxbox1729 3 жыл бұрын

I am not exaggerating, but This Video is the best definition of being underrated. One of the perfect analogies I have ever witnessed. Wow. Simply Wow.

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

Wow, thanks so much for your kind words!

@edgardcuadra4273 2 жыл бұрын

ratio

@SarahKhan-sv4fc 5 ай бұрын

@MrAhmd2 3 жыл бұрын

I graduated from pharmacy college last year, you helped me a lot in Organic chemistry through out the years, so thank you a lot.

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

You're very welcome. Congratulations on graduating from pharmacy college!!

@izzy5781 3 жыл бұрын

I absolutely LOVEEE how you explain every single topic !!! Thank you so much you don’t know how much people you are helping with explaining such complicated things in the easiest way. You are amazing ❤️❤️❤️

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

You are so welcome!

@robertcormia7970 Ай бұрын

I tell students that when electrons are spin-paired, they are in a stable relationship. They can get excited into an "unhappy state". This are great videos for our students to learn bonding!

@Leah4sci Ай бұрын

Thanks for sharing that, and I'm so happy to help!

@kimberlycleveland972 Жыл бұрын

Thank you. You made anti-bonding crystal clear.

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

You're very welcome, happy to help!

@mariostone2404 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you for being so calm and patient

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

You're very welcome!

@AhmedAli-kx2iu Жыл бұрын

I am regretting for not watching your videos during my first years when I was struggling with hybridization. Keep going your explanation is the best 💞

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

So nice of you! Thanks for watching.

@gautammure 2 жыл бұрын

Alongside a beautiful voice, that was such a brilliantly simplified illustration. Pleasantly clarified the whole mystery of a Molecular Orbital existing in 2 forms at the same instant. Thank you, ma'am. Wish the world had higher intelligent beings like yourself to question the basics and have a broader outlook. The Big Picture. LOVELY

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Awww, thanks so much for your kind words. I'm so happy to hear that my videos are helping you to understand organic chemistry better.

@hail148 2 жыл бұрын

Down bad.

@sarahe6137 2 жыл бұрын

I have watched several videos to try and understand this concept, and yours is the first one that clicked! I finally get the concept of bonding and anti-bonding molecular orbitals- thank you!!

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Wow! So glad that this helped it click for you!

@291ayl 3 жыл бұрын

Leah, I LOVE YOU... your videos are something everyone needs to see chem student or not!!!

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

Awww, you're so welcome

@user-mb2vt2bn5f 11 ай бұрын

I truly cannot put into words how much I appreciate these videos. Things are FINALLY clicking for me

@Leah4sci 11 ай бұрын

Yay, I'm so glad to hear it! Use my syllabus guide to help you match all my resources to whichever topic you're working on: leah4sci.com/syllabus

@nikolashadjipaschalis5629 3 жыл бұрын

Hi Leah, thanks so much for your videos they really helped me get into my top choice university undergraduate program. All going well I'll start at Oxford in October. Keep up the awesome content!!

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

Oh wow that is absolutely amazing!! Congratulations Nikolas!

@nikolashadjipaschalis5629 3 жыл бұрын

@@Leah4sci thank you so much!!

@velakash2063 3 жыл бұрын

Wow this was I needed In my college they taught this last week So for preparation I needed Thank u

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

Talk about perfect timing! I'm glad the video came when you really needed it.

@quantumcrash7266 3 жыл бұрын

Electrons: a romantic comedy. Seriously, it makes me more confused when professors bring up MO theory , antibonding orbitals, etc, but don't explain how it's applied to conjugated /aromatic systems behavior...it drives me bonkers....makes everything more confusing. I needed MO theory in plain English and you delivered big time :)

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

haha yup! I find that if you given chemistry/reactions human characteristics, everything suddenly makes more sense. Glad it helped

@joshuavildor2824 3 жыл бұрын

That was my same problem when I was taking Orgo. They always bring up anti-bonding and bonding but never explain it in essence.

@LimerentRiposter Ай бұрын

4:28 I thought the analogy was gonna be weird, until it sent shivers down my spine because of how good and well explained it was, God DAMN.

@Leah4sci Ай бұрын

Wow, thanks so much! Glad it resonated with you!

@curtpiazza1688 2 жыл бұрын

Wow. Wow....love the people analogy! I m really starting to understand this topic! Thanx!

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Happy to hear that you're understanding!!!

@edmundasamoah5558 2 ай бұрын

Even after 3 years , this video proves to be very very useful ❤

@Leah4sci 2 ай бұрын

So glad to help!

@mukil55 6 ай бұрын

Have no words to thank..have been searching for the best explanation of MOT in youtube then got blessed by this❤😊

@Leah4sci 6 ай бұрын

Awesome, I'm thrilled to hear how much this is helping you!

@Waknwat Жыл бұрын

Leah, gal, woman, may you be blessed with health, wealth & time to enjoy it...absolutely fabulous lesson

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Thanks so much, and glad you enjoyed the lesson!

@joanarose2145 2 жыл бұрын

you are seriously saving my a$$ rn tysm

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Happy to help!

@maryiakay3628 2 жыл бұрын

I love LOVE LOVE!! the way you explain. God bless you, seriously. Thank you so much!

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Awww, you are so welcome!

@oneofthechannelsofalltime 2 жыл бұрын

This video the content on your website help me immensely with self-teaching.

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Glad to hear it!

@emilyh3644 2 жыл бұрын

What I've learned halfway through the video so far! There are atomic orbitals, which belong to unbonded atoms, and molecular orbitals, which are shared between bonded atoms. Within molecular orbitals, the electrons can either engage in constructive interference or destructive interference. This can also be described as lower energy, stable bonding orbitals, or higher-energy, more unstable antibonding orbitals. And... time to watch the next half of the video! :)

@emilyh3644 2 жыл бұрын

Part two of the video! Sigma bonds are simple overlaps, pi bonds are a different shape above or below the atoms. They have a node in the middle where the pi electrons do not go. The antibonding pi orbitals have a big node/separation between them, making them higher energy, whereas the bonding pi orbitals overlap and have a tinier node. It's like a relationship. If they are angry and high energy and separated they are antibonding and there is no overlap between the pi orbitals and they are unstable. It's like the pi electrons are only on one of the two carbon atoms, giving them different charges and making them unstable. If they have lots of closeness and no distance between they are happy and cuddly and close and stable and low energy! The pi electrons are both equally shared and there are no partial charges. And... time to learn about HOMO and LUMO! Thanks for another great video Leah.

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Glad you're learning so much!

@findout7505 2 жыл бұрын

I had some difficulty in understanding this,till I watched this video!. Thanks Leah!

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Glad it was helpful!

@dungdavid380 3 жыл бұрын

that is exactly what I want to find. Simple and thoughtful. Amazing explanation. Thank you

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

You're very welcome!

@LeoTheLion1679 Жыл бұрын

This is the best video I have found to date. No joke.

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Wow, thanks for the compliment! Hope the video helped. :)

@mayanksangam9205 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you, this was very helpful :)

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

You're very welcome!

@triple_gem_shining 9 ай бұрын

🤓 thanks! Wanted clarification for antibonding

@Leah4sci 9 ай бұрын

Antibonding is when the electrons have very high energy and separate from each other rather than forming a bond. Meaning, they don't exist in the region between the nuclei where you'd expect to finding bonding electrons. I like to think of it as a couple that is very angry with each other and break up

@danielleroberts5111 Жыл бұрын

Literally amazing analogy so easy to understand now- and easy to recall the concept with this way of explanation

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Great to hear!

@shaguftaanjum4138 Жыл бұрын

Thank u so much for such a great explanation ...u made it easy 👍

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Glad to hear that. You're so welcome.

@bakhtawarr 3 жыл бұрын

You made optical isomerism very easy to understand 😀

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

Glad you found my methods easy to understand :)

@bakhtawarr 3 жыл бұрын

@@Leah4sci 🥰🌸👍

@sahirhemnani7628 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much for chemistry easy to understand and teach for us .

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

You're very welcome. It's my pleasure!

@Teraziter 5 ай бұрын

Loved it ... Made me understand it in minutes Thank you

@Leah4sci 4 ай бұрын

Glad it helped!

@azhar3 3 жыл бұрын

Nicely explained ❤️❤️ Love from Kashmir

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you! Love back from NY

@razasyed575 Жыл бұрын

you the man homedog

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Happy to be 'the man'! Lol

@David640-h6h Жыл бұрын

Definitely deserved thumps up

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

thanks :)

@souravmahmudedu4 2 жыл бұрын

Finally I got to know how free radical separation works... thanks!

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Yay! So happy that you understand, and you're so welcome!

@Kiruh Жыл бұрын

This was such a great video, thank you. Studying for my biochem midterm right now and was very confused on this

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Glad it was helpful! You're very welcome.

@kasiviswanathanvenkatraman8268 2 жыл бұрын

Hi Ms Leah, I enjoyed your explanation and the expressions of the cartoons. Thanks, Kasi

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

You are so welcome!

@hariprakash6720 Жыл бұрын

just what i needed, thanks a lot, no kidding, best explanation ever!!!

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Great to hear! You're very welcome.

@mostafayounes269 2 жыл бұрын

Best Tutor Ever❤

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Aww thanks!

@sciencegremlin8307 3 ай бұрын

10:35 it looks like jump rope. The bottom molecule has those blue "ropes" both going clockwise or both going anti-clockwise so one comes down while the other comes up and they entangle and bond. The molecule at the tope they are spinning in opposite directions so they smack into each other and repel.

@Leah4sci 2 ай бұрын

ooh I love it, sounds like a fun way to look at it

@technow7234 Жыл бұрын

I have to make a PPT for this topic but i am not good in chemistry but now i think i can make it this video is really helpful

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Awesome, happy to hear it!

@WillOfFire467 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks for clearing my doubt

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Happy to help clear things up for you!

@judodude18 2 жыл бұрын

Was looking for the physical approach and got super excited.. for 2 seconds xD

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Thanks for watching, anyways! :)

@grapelily4138 Жыл бұрын

Heyyy I love the explanation and I’m surprised to see that you have literally replied to every single comment. You really care about the viewers. Well I have chem final in 1 day and I’m super scared. 😢 But yea keep us teaching ❤❤❤

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

I love to stay in contact with my viewers! Thanks for watching, and best of luck on that Chem final! If you find you're looking for more help, I recommend joining my organic chemistry study hall. Details: leah4sci.com/join or contact me through my website leah4sci.com/contact/

@grapelily4138 Жыл бұрын

@@Leah4sci well I will see in my next year(senior rn I’m a junior)cause rn after this final I will have to prepare for other finals too. Thank you for your support and efforts ❤️

@paingsoekhant8731 Ай бұрын

Can you also make an explication video for mathematical physics behind that ?

@annabelenu1964 Жыл бұрын

My Leah!😊 Thanks so much for this☺️

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

You're so welcome!

@spurti 2 жыл бұрын

Constructive interference means that the two waves that are in phase add together to form a giant wave and conversely destructive interference means that the 2 waves which are out of phase are cancelling each other out and you get no wave so we can think of an electron as wave or a particle.

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Thanks for watching! :)

@debradiamond2839 3 жыл бұрын

Very well done!

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks Debra

@anupchandak7348 3 жыл бұрын

Amazing video👍 nicely explain.

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks so much! Glad you enjoyed it Anup

@gabrielguan448 Ай бұрын

great video

@Leah4sci Ай бұрын

thanks!

@Saurabhguptq Ай бұрын

Too good appreciate it

@Leah4sci Ай бұрын

You're so welcome!

@SBH15l 3 жыл бұрын

You are an amazing teacher. The way you teach us is very simple and easy to understand. I found your channel and very thankful to you ♥️. I want some more videos from you other than organic chemistry, like other chemistry topic. Your all videos of orgo are just love. You helped us lot. You deserve more than this. Always support and love for you ♥️. 🤗 Looking forward for your response. 🙂

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

Thanks for the feedback and suggestions Sohag

@rayofsunshine1122 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much for this 💐

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

You're very welcome!

@stidovan 4 ай бұрын

Just perfect 🔥

@Leah4sci 4 ай бұрын

Thank you!

@user-mi3sn1xx1x 3 жыл бұрын

I have benefited a lot, thank you I hope my doctor will teach us like you Pharmacy student from Iraq

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

I'm glad you benefited from the video. And if your doctor doesn't teach this way, come back to my channel for more :)

@davidcalebmununga2846 2 жыл бұрын

great explanation 💗💗

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Glad it was helpful!

@salvia_salmon Жыл бұрын

' double bond in C2 consists of both pi bonds because of the presence of four electrons in two pi molecular orbitals. In most of the other molecules a double bond is made up of a sigma bond and a pi bond' can someone explain this a bit simpliefied , does carbon molecule have 2 pi bonds between them because it have 2 electron each in bonding pi orbital , and no extra electrons in bonding sigma orbital and antibonding pi orbitals

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

The carbon-carbon double bond shown in the second example of this video has a single pi bond and a single sigma bond. The pi bond is made of p orbitals that sit both above and below the sigma bond, in a single plane. For help with questions like this and more, I recommend joining the organic chemistry study hall. Details: leah4sci.com/join or contact me through my website leah4sci.com/contact/

@pexaminer 2 жыл бұрын

Great video!

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@gabriellepadley3015 2 жыл бұрын

So good thank you

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

You're welcome!

@lajalee123 Жыл бұрын

SUBSCRIBED!

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Thanks! I appreciate it!

@042_md.shabuktahaidereric8 2 жыл бұрын

excellent excellent excellent...

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Thank you so much 😀

@ahmedbaigm14 3 жыл бұрын

Hlo mam your teaching method is awesome and it helps me to revise concepts fastly and easily why not you start teaching for Indian exam JEE please ,and lots of respect and love from india♥️♥️♥️

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you! I'm not familiar enough with the JEE exam

@ahmedbaigm14 3 жыл бұрын

@@Leah4sci no problem mam you keep on teaching us in the way your teaching 🥰🙏

@joshuasukup2488 Жыл бұрын

Can you explain SO³ to me? Is it shaped more like a shuttlecock or do the oxygen flare out to a more perpendicular shape, when they are compared to the Sulphur-S lone pair axis?

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

I'm sorry, but I don't offer tutoring over social media. For help with questions like this and more, I recommend joining the organic chemistry study hall. Details: leah4sci.com/join or contact me through my website leah4sci.com/contact/

@kamandan7367 2 жыл бұрын

you saved me Leah 😊

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

So glad to help!

@kingang3656 2 жыл бұрын

can i ask a quastion? why antibonding has a higher energy level than bonding? i already search article but i cannt understant can u explain to me? Thx a lot

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

It has to do with the presence of the node between the nuclei of the two bonding atoms. The antibonding orbital is higher in energy because of the decrease in electron density between those nuclei. In other words, the electrons have less freedom of movement in an antibonding orbital and remain partitioned to either side.

@timothyhill5140 3 жыл бұрын

antibonding always seems counterintuitive, that node makes sense though because the signal or wave can be continuous still even if it cycles

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Thanks for watching!

@jmr9123 2 жыл бұрын

i luv this woman

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@dhruvsingh6437 5 ай бұрын

Just to clarify madam, do anit bonding and bonding orbtials happen or exist at the same time in the same 2 atom? Eg. If i have 2 Li atoms will their bonds have both antibonding and bonding orbitals at the same time?

@Leah4sci 5 ай бұрын

The energy within a bond is always fluctuating and so the electrons will move between bonding and anti-bonding

@joe_ninety_one5076 4 ай бұрын

I sort of like this, but don't understand why there can't be one electron in each hydrogen molecule orbital. It might simply be an unlikely and essentially unstable configuration, no more stable than two separate hydrogen atoms, so just the same as having both electrons in the antibonding orbital.

@Leah4sci 4 ай бұрын

When the 2 hydrogen atoms each have one electron in their respective orbitals, they are lone H atoms, unstable due to being unpaired. However if they come together at high energy you get the antibonding molecular orbital (vs the single electron atomic orbital)

@bakhtawarr 3 жыл бұрын

Hyeee,,, your method is amazing,,,

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

Thank you

@bakhtawarr 3 жыл бұрын

@@Leah4sci welcome😊

@uxleumas 2 жыл бұрын

Can someone briefly explain hyberdrization? I thought i understood it (2 bonds for sp, 3 bonds for sp2, 4 bonds for sp3) but there seems to be exceptions, so i'm not really sure why those happen

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

I cover it in detail here: leah4sci.com/HYBRIDIZATION

@mahadevsurvase4329 3 жыл бұрын

thank you for making horrible topic ,beautiful. Analogy of persons with bonding and anti bonding is superb.

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

You're welcome; I'm so happy to hear that I've helped you love the topic!

@joshuasukup2488 Жыл бұрын

So I need to learn higher math for a better understanding then the analogy?

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Yes. This video only covers the very basics so that you know what you need to know for a typical Organic Chemistry course.

@ahmad138 3 жыл бұрын

11:48 kinda scary 😳 and interesting 😅

@Leah4sci 3 жыл бұрын

lol

@chemistrywallahalam3192 11 ай бұрын

Super mam

@Leah4sci 11 ай бұрын

Glad you like it!

@axmedabdikadir1303 Жыл бұрын

Hhhhhhhh

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Hello? Thanks for watching. :)

@Mehdiranjb 10 ай бұрын

🙏🙏🙏

@Leah4sci 10 ай бұрын

Glad it helped!

@hodayamaksumov2294 2 жыл бұрын

Hi! What would an example of something that would case the H-H to go from the low energy molecular orbital Tom the high energy molecular orbital

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

@TheBigBanggggg Жыл бұрын

Very scientific start of the video. Know your limitations, lady.

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

Thanks for watching anyways!

@lubabaal-hasani8810 4 ай бұрын

I have adopted you as my primary teacher in Organic Chemistry II. 🍉🍉

@Leah4sci 3 ай бұрын

Aww, thank you!

@asalime1122 3 жыл бұрын

final year of university and i still cant grasp this one concept

@Leah4sci 2 жыл бұрын

I'm sorry to hear that! For more help, contact me here: leah4sci.com/contact

@ImSandipRoy Жыл бұрын

Any jee aspirant? 🇮🇳

@Leah4sci Жыл бұрын

I'm unsure of what you're asking. Let's stick to questions on the video!

@ImSandipRoy Жыл бұрын

@@Leah4sci i was asking peoples in the comments section, that if there are any jee aspirant who are watching your videos. Lemme explain, JEE is one of the most toughest examination in the world, many students (~1 million) in India🇮🇳 appears in it. I'm too a Jee aspirant. And your videos are helping alot, this concept was harder for me to understand from my teachers, but you made it clear to me, Thanks ma'am for your videos.