New Anatomy and Physiology of Blood Video
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#Anatomy #Physiology #Blood #Blood Anatomy
0:00 Introduction
0:05 Blood Functions Transportation of nutrients, gases, wastes, hormones Regulation of pH Restriction of fluid loss during injury Defense against pathogens and toxins Regulation of body temperature
8:17 Red Blood Cells Erythrocytes are shaped like biconcave discs Enucleated Hemoglobin is the main protein at work - Like an oxygen raft - Oxyhemoglobin vs. deoxyhemoglobin Last up to 4 months 1-3 million new RBCs enter the blood stream per second!
12:03 Breakdown and Renewal of RBCS In the liver, spleen, or bone marrow RBCs are engulfed and they hemolyze (rupture) Hemoglobin is broken down - Biliverdin → Bilirubin Erythropoiesis makes new RBCs (with EPO)
25:34 White Blood Cells Leukocytes come in many varieties and have incredible abilities to defend the body - Can migrate out of the blood stream - Have amoeboid movement - Attracted to specific stimuli - Most do phagocytosis
27:25 Neutrophils (50-70% of WBCS) - Swallow up foreign invaders - The "front lines" Eosinophils (2-4% of WBCs) - Attack objects w/ antibodies - Great at attacking parasites - Increase in # during allergic
29:38 Monocytes (2-8% of WBCs) - Largest of WBCS - Great at endocytosis (engulfing) - Circulates for -24 hrs, then becomes tissue macrophage Lymphocytes (20-30% of WBCs) - Circulate in blood, but also hang out in lymphatic organs - T cells - B cells - Natural killer cells
32:42 Platelets Thrombocytes look like pieces of a shattered plate! . These cells have many important roles related to clotting blood: - Release chemicals to help clots occur - Form a temporary patch on walls of damaged
33:40 Vascular Phase - Vascular spasm = decreases diameter - Endothelial cells release chemical factors Platelet Phase - Platelet plug - Release of more chemicals (ADP, clotting factors) Coagulation (Blood clotting) Phase - In addition to platelets, fibrinogen is converted to fibrin to form a net-like structure • Fibrinolysis Clot removal
36:30 Hemorrhage Thrombus Embolism Anemia Sickle cell disease Hemophilia Leukemia