New shirt? "DEOXIT THAT SOCKET!" heheh

2:21 Yes, it does happen now days. I operate a large nationwide e-waste facility and I am proud to have rescued 100's of retro pieces from destruction while simultaneously building my own collection. My most recent save was just this week where I pulled a Commodore Plus4 still in the box from the pile.

So many memories. The first computer I ever owned was an Apple 2e that a bank threw out and 7 year old me asked if I could take it to play with, it still worked fine and was the first time I programmed a basic program.

The main change of the Plus model was the switch to 16K DRAMs only and the elimination of the three memory select jumpers along the left side of the motherboard. In the earliest days you could buy an Apple ][ with 4K, 8K, or 12K of DRAM. The switch to the two-piece keyboard and change of the character generator ROM due to supply issues were also part of it. At roughly the same time Microsoft had BASIC 1.0 ready, but 4K chip production was ending in favor of 16K chips and there was no need to produce motherboards that hosted 4K DRAM chips. As trivia, Woz said he thought the last thing Jobs designed was the industrial design of the Apple ][ case (I got that from Woz himself).

With the later ALPS keyboard, I have read if someone ever powered up the machine with the ribbon cable installed backward, the 74LS04 or 74LS00 can get fried. The symptom is that the reset key will work but none of the other keys will work. I don't know if the Datanetics keyboards are the same way, but you might check the TTL chips on the keyboard.

The most common reason for a keyboard failure is reversing the ribbon cable connector on either the motherboard or keyboard. It puts -12v onto one of the keyboard's data lines and blows the buffer IC. I can't tell you which IC it is but this has happened to me and I was able to repair the keyboard by replacing the IC. You can simply trace the pins back to see where the -12 volts goes when the cable is reversed. It might explain why the computer was being recycled.

Just watched the whole video. Nothing like chilling and watching retro tech repair videos.

I love your channels because you clearly make content for the love of it, not to please an algorithm. Thanks Adrian!

To hold on the "Velcro" tabs on my Bell and Howell machine, I used 3M Super Strength Molding tape. The kind that holds trim and emblems on automobiles. It can be gotten from your local auto parts store. It has the strength to hold up to separating the "Velcro" and the adhesive holds on the plastic really well.

I love the "raw, unscripted, fucked up video, swapping chips instead of checking documentation"-style of repairs in "Adrian's Digital Dungeon"! Made my day!

This video couldn't have come out at a better time for me. Within the last week I started troubleshooting some issues on an Apple II of my own coincidentally with the SAME "7901" marking on the board. I had been using your Apple II Plus videos for guidance.

This is the greatest retro computing channel.

"What you should do is not do what I'm doing" pretty much sums up your channel to me.

If I recall (it has been a while!) the equivalent of pr#6 in the monitor is 6 and hit enter. I think there's an in# equivalent too but didn't use that very often.

For the non-autostart ROM Apple IIs, you can boot the floppy drive from the monitor with either "6, Ctrl-P, Return" or "C600G". This will also work on the autostart ROMs too, but obviously not as necessary.

1987 great build year!

For years I've been trying to remember a game I liked to play on my Atari 800 back in the day, and all I could remember about it was "bouncing monsters". It's Drol! Thank you Adrian!

I loved my Apple //e. This video takes me back to my college days when I was one of the few lucky people to have my own computer. My favorite games were; Castle Wolfenstein, Chop Lifter and Lode Runner. It's great to see a machine like this brought back to life. Thanks for the video!

Several years ago, my nephew cleaned out a country school and gave me 14 apple II machines complete with monitors, printers, drives and a ton of software. I knew of some home schooling folks and called them, the computeres were donated by me to those home school kids who loved them. Sort of wish I had them now, all worked fine when they left my house.

I still have my 16K Apple II I purchased back in '78 for around $1100. I remember the S/N being around 58xx. Had to use my own cassette tape deck to load the programs. I learned a lot by studying Woz's Monitor code and began writing my own routines. Apple's use of low-cost DIP sockets became a persistent problem and I had to pull ROM and RAM chips to clean up the pins with a pencil eraser in order to get the system to boot. The 6502 was an inexpensive, yet powerful CPU and in later years I designed several 6502-based printer adapters that allowed the use of non-Commodore printers with the Vic-20 and C-64 (including graphics). I actually used my Apple II as a logic scope to analyse Commodore's communication protocol.

Some how the mix of your semi haphazard approach mixed with your methodical troubleshooting, and light hearted off the cuff commentary all makes for a great viewing experience! Thanks Adrian.

Hi Adrian. I really enjoyed this video, incredible stuff. It's really rare o see a computer from 1978 in such a mint condition. By the way you can boot the floppy from machine monitor by typing "6 ctrl-p enter" combination.

So sad you can only give 1 thumbs up. These kind of videos deserve more!

For reattaching the black plastic Velcro-type tabs, 3M VHB Heavy Duty Mounting Tape 5952 works very well. It's a double-sided tape, which I understand is designed for automotive applications. Probably best to clean the plastic tab and the portion of the case to which you wish to stick it with IPA first.

This video was fantastic despite all the technical issues. Your charisma and passion for these machines carries it.

Hi Adrian. I’d fasten the black, plastic “fake Velcro” things back on with 5 minute epoxy, but make sure the mating surfaces are SPOTLESSLY clean! Once you get them clean, use rubber gloves (clean, of course!) to handle them so you don’t get your fingerprints on them; the oil from your fingers can degrade the adhesive quality of the bond. Now for the tricky part: you need to transfer the location of the black, plastic thingy onto the mounting flanges built into the case of the Apple ][, and mark it with a #2 pencil; don’t use ink of any sort. One way to do this is with honey or pancake syrup; just spread it on the flat underside of the black, plastic thingy, then press the top lid into place on the computer, then lift it off. Use the #2 pencil to trace around where the honey/syrup transferred onto the mounting flange. You can now easily clean it off with hot, soapy water. Do this with the case removed from the bottom section w/the motherboard! Remove the black, plastic thingies from the mating black, plastic thingies on the top lid, and set the top lid aside for now. Repeat the following twice; once for each black plastic thingy: * place the BPT (black plastic thingy) onto the mounting flange on the case, using the locating marks you made with the pencil. * note that the “fake Velcro” part of the BPT is solely in the center, leaving a sort of “ear” (the rounded portion). You’ll need a 3/16” drill bit, and a drill. Drill a hole in the “ear” of the BPT so the center of the hole is at the center of the curvature of the “ear”. Drill the other ear similarly. * make sure there are no burrs around the drilled holes; twirling a #11 X-acto blade in the hole (gently) will work. * place one of the (now drilled) BPTs on the mounting flange on the case in the outline made by the pencil marks, then gently hold it in place with your (gloved) fingers, locate the drilled holes onto the mounting flange with the pencil. Set the BPT aside. * using the hole marks, drill a small pilot hole with a 1/16” drill bit to a depth about 1/16”. Now, use the 3/16” drill, drill the hole out to a depth of about 1/8”. It is important to not drill all the way through; this is a “blind” hole. * use a Q-tip dipped in IPA to clean out the drilled holes (in case there was any oil on the drill bit) in both the mounting flange AND the BPT! * mix up your 5-minute epoxy now, and using a (different) Q-tip, dip it in the epoxy and apply it in the blind holes you drilled earlier. Make sure to fill the holes completely! Slather the mating surface of the mounting flange outlined in pencil with the epoxy, then - visually, line up the holes in the BPT with the epoxy-filled holes in the mounting flange, press it home and make sure the epoxy oozes out, and fills the holes in the BPT. Apply just enough epoxy to these holes so it forms a small, convex dome. * (optional) use a 2-56x1/8 machine screw, and coat the threads with epoxy, then shove it into the hole. This will increase the bond strength, similar to how using rebar in concrete is a good idea. * allow to sit for 24 hours!! Repeat for the other BPT/mounting flange. That f***er should NEVER come off, now! In fact, it may now come loose from the top case (lid) instead! 🤔 Oh, yeah, and you can take the gloves off, now. 🤣

Man....I learn so much from your videos. In the more mechanical world...this tapping would be called "percussive maintenance". Glad to see it can apply elsewhere :) thank you for all you do :)

That "KRACKED BY MR. KRAC-MAN" is awesome. Computer world was lawless country back in the days 🙂

when i was a kid i never heard if the apple 2 back in the 80's. until i when to school. my school had an apple 2 & a apple 2c. now year's later in the 90's me & my dad was bumming around in goodwill. i went into the back where they had there electronics & then i saw it they had an apple 2 computer sitting there for $15. so i grabbed it & went up front as fast as i can & i bought it. that was the happiest day of my life.

Just as a quick note, if it hasn't already been mentioned. From the machine language prompt, you can execute the ROM code on a peripheral card by simply taking the the slot number and sticking it into CX00. So to boot from a disk ][ card in slot 6, you would execute the code starting at C600. This is basically what the PR# command did. IIRC, the 256 bytes of memory in each CX00-CXFF was a simple memory map to the lowest part of the on-board card rom......which for a DISK ][ interface card was a bootstrap loader that would start the disk reading, and copy the first sector into memory, then start execution there.

I was hoping to see more Apple II on the channel, and despite technical difficulties, this did not disappoint. Thanks Adrian.

Love the Beagle Bros shirt! I'm envious. Retro-cool.

I did a high school co-op placement with an Apple Education pilot project with the Carleton Board of Education in Ottawa, and then I did some volunteer work with them. I also had a couple of friends who had Apples as well. I troubleshot dozens of Apples ][ and ][+ machines since we didn't have any technicians. Since they ran so hot, and we were running them all day long, and sometimes late until the night, we had side fans that kept the machine cool. But they were notorious for chip creap...that is, as they heated and cooled, the would work themselves out of the sockets, and eventually cause errors of total failures. If we had a computer that didn't boot, the standard fix was to go and gently push down all of the chips so that they were well seated in their sockets. The next step, if the machine didn't boot was to feel the chips while the system was on, and see if there were any that were excessively hot, like too hot to touch. Then we would swap the chip with another system, and if it booted, then we knew we had a bad chip. This troubleshooting regimen solved about 90% of the problems we encountered. Other, more esoteric problems were the power supplys that failed, or the most common problem, being in a rush to get systems ready for a class, and needing a I/O card to do the class, and pulling out the card or putting in the card without making doubly sure the machine was turned off. I would later go on to form a small side business with a friend where we bought clone expansion boards and componants in Toronto on College St., where all the computer shops were, and then assemble them at home to sell to the computer stores around Ottawa. My friend had taught himself to design computers and peripherals, and worked most summers at Bell Northern Research, which later became Nortel. I ran a computer camp at a local community centre, and from that income was able to buy the parts and build my own Apple ][+ clone. Some of my favourite games were Loderunner, Joust, Bilestode, Wavy Navy and Wizardry, plus the original Adeventure (aka The Collosal Cave), and later, Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy. I also ran CP/M, and taught myself dBase II, and made some money over the years doing database programming. They were fun times...

My first computer was an APFLE ][. Yes, APFLE. It was a clone my dad and brother built. Whoever copied the rom must have made the change, I'll have to ask them more about it.

I came across your channel and found it quite interesting. I found it really interesting when I found this Apple ][ restoration video you put out. I have no question for you, I'm just telling you my Apple story. I am the original owner of an Apple Integer machine that I bought in 1978-ish, it's in the original box in my closet, and I used it every day until about '95 when I made the jump to PC so I could play games Lol The case and innards are in mint condition, except for in the early '80s when I opened the lid and a pencil fell in the crack and damaged a circuit (thank goodness it was turned off). My friend who owned a computer business (who sold me the computer, btw, his brother bought the first Apple ][ Computer in Canada (Woz signed the back of his at a computer show)) also fixed it, so thusly I have a resistor on the motherboard. It's been many years since I've opened it up, and when I did, it worked great (fantastic machine), but if I recall correctly there's an Apple 2+ card, a memory card, and a midi card, maybe a couple of others. Over the years I had hundreds (maybe thousands) of hours of fun with this computer. I'm not looking to sell it, I just thought you and your viewers might like a testimonial. Cheers!! 😬 Great video by the way!

I remember learning to program on those in middle school. That was one of my favorite classes of all times.

Apple ][ case and motherboard Woz the most ingenious design I have ever come across in the 8-bit computing era especially when their was limited technology around to build and put together such equipment. Hands down the apple ][ was so neat on appearance.

I used to have a job programming these for a commodity market trading software. It was an Apple II with a 128K memory card and an accelerator card. The basic had been modified to swap in code segments so you could have a larger program than would normally be permitted. It was eventually replaced by an IBM PC with most customers. There was a market quote box that would interface to the Apple.

I had an original rev. 0 Apple II. There was an article, I believe in Byte Magazine, showing the modifications necessary for 6-color hi-res graphics mode. I did that mod a couple of times; originally, I used a method that involved sticking wire-wrap sockets into the chip sockets in order to avoid cutting any traces on the motherboard. However, that eventually made the computer flaky (wire-wrap legs are much thicker than chip legs), so I later re-did the mod with directly soldered wires. I lived on that computer from middle school through high school.

Yea, Woz, my hero!

What people may not know about Oregon is that there is a electronics recycling mandate, so you very, very rarely find old computers of any kind at thrift stores or Goodwill. Any vintage electronics that comes in is immediately destined for the e-waste bin. You pretty much have to literally rescue it as it is being transported....

Thanks Adrian. Great video. Seeing you run into the kind of issues I experience when repairing something is actually a lot of help.

Wow, what a clean example!

What a fun video to watch! You know your stuff man. So satisfying to see you get it all working. Well done!

I spent many years using an Apple II, connected computer to small heaters, speakers, microphone and at one stage carried out diagnostics on a robotic motherboard for a robotics company. Interfacing with external chips was so easy. Towards the end was using a 5MB disc drive. I used to cut out a notch on the floppy discs so I could use both sides, others will remember this too I guess. A lovely computer. (Not sure if it was a plus)

I'm into the apple content. Especially happy to see you doing diagnostics. Great video!

I know you thought the video was terrible and all over the place, but I thought it was really interesting seeing your process and all the things you tried to get it to work.

It was a great video. The Apple II was the first computer I ever touched as a freshman in HS in 1980. Brought back a lot of memories not to mention all the troubleshooting on systems after electronics school for oxidation issues.

As far as fixing hot really chips go, back when I was working on some old Mod-Comp J1 and J2 machines, I found you could swap out some of the really hot current hog 74 and 74LS series chips with CMOS equivalents. The Mod_Comp machines used several rows of 74170 4x4 Register File chips. These chips ran really hot and were prone to frequent failure. Even the Mil Spec version of the 74170 chips failed. Swapping the TTL chips to CMOS greatly reduced the load on the power supply, made the machines run much cooler and made them more reliable. Changing current hogging magnetic core memory planes to solid state memory further reduced temps and increased reliability. I also found the same issues you found with the TI chip lead oxidation. The leads on some really old TI chips in those Mod-Comp machines would actually become so thin and brittle from oxidation that they would literally fall apart when you tried to remove them from the sockets! Heat and a high humidity environment would really do a number on them.

Great educational video for vintage pros ❤ thank you sir 🫡

I still have our apple ii+ from the early 80's with 2 floppy drives. When we bought it, it was for educational use only and no games allowed but that changed over time as friends at school gave copies out and that's how we got them and mom and dad didn't mind but then did buy a few later.

Looking forward to see the keyboard and the PSU on the second channel!

you did a fantastic job adrian! nice apple 2! beautiful condition......

It's a good thing the computer was working perfectly :) That made it easy to find all the bad connections and chips! Great video. Your patience with Apple computers amazes me!

It was amazing to me to see how friendly and well thought out the design of the A2 for repairability. Now days you can't even open an Apple. (yes, I know you can, but you get the point.)

Either 6[ctrlP] to emulate PR#6, or 6{ctrlK] to emulate IN#6. Both of those should kick of a slot 6 boot. Also, C600G should have also worked.... I thought it was ctrlC to get from the monitor back to the BASIC prompt, but if ctrlB works, cool. You can also get to BASIC (usually, not always) by calling 3D0G. :)

This is so fascinating thank you for the content! I am a tech in an industrial company your doing things here amazing!!! Keep it coming!

great fun!!! always fun to see you dealing with erratic issues!

Today, the most significant difference between a rev1 and rev0 (with ventless lid) is resale price - a couple of hundred $$ versus a few-to-many thousand for rev0/ventless. :) Dodgy Socket is also the name of my favorite band.

Awesome video Adrian !! Thanks !! Or should I say, Awesome video Adrian Wozniak !!

OBS is kinda complicated when it comes to capturing multiple sources then editing them out. Basically when I want to capture multiple full size 1080p sources I double the width resolution of the canvas then set the output to either be the same or scale it accordingly to the resolution I want. So basically 3840x1080 instead of 1920x1080. Then after I double it I put my two sources I want to capture next to each other in the full resolution they need. Bit rates might have to change due to that but I have not found it changes much. Now when you go to edit I recommend either using ffmpeg or handbrake to split the clips to be two different video files meaning cropping 1920px left for one then right for the other then putting it both clips in your video editing software so that the video editing software doesn’t have to handle cropping cause they can be weird about it sometimes. I hope this helps and if you do have any questions I can help as much as I can

@43:12 The machine language equivalent of PR#6 is C600G. C600 is the address of the Disk Controller ROM in Slot 6. 'G' is Go, as in run it. If, for example, you moved the disk controller to Slot 4, 5 or Slot 7 it would be C400, C500 or C700 respectively.

As a kid I had a lot of fun with Drol, too. Had it on my Atari 800.

I like his videos, like this one, when he's not all sauced up. The difference is night and day.

This brings back such nostalgia.....I had one, and was *so* excited to link it up with my "blazingly fast" full duplex 300 baud Hayes Micromodem so I could call various BBS's. Ahhhhh. Memories.

Adrian i have an Apple IIe love it. it sits in my office at work, it is a great talking point (im 50-51) with the 'younger folk' lol

Great video, as always!

Great fix. Don't worry about the video issues, we could still follow what you were doing. :)

Speaking of TI chips getting oxidised, I have a TI DS990 Model 1, and pretty much every single TI chip inside has black legs! All the 4116 RAM ICs needed to be cleaned up with a fiberglass pen. Silly machine still doesn't want to run correctly. Strangely, it will throw an error 'LOAD ERROR 22' when I turn it on, but if I turn it off, wait a few seconds and turn it on, it wont throw any errors, it'll just freeze. It'll be like that for a few hours, and then if I try it again, it will show the 'LOAD ERROR 22' error again. Also, I've not found any documentation which can tell me what the error number means. Ahhh TI, so brilliantly amazing, but their execution always seems a bit off in places. Really enjoyed this video! It is very interesting to see how Apple revised the Apple II over the models run. It got me itching to muck around with a few old machines I have here. The TI is staring at me, but I have an iAPX 432 system that needs some attention.

I decided early on that DeOxit'ing every socket was what I needed to resurrect my original Apple II that we bought in '79...really dodgy until I did that. Looking forward to your 2nd channel PS episode. You have to drill out the rivets in the older supply to get in and I found it didn't have a RIFA cap at all that I was ready to replace.

Very fun and interesting video Adrian! :)

Note the MM5740 is not a microcontroller, it was a National Semiconductor dedicated Keyboard Encoder chip, which was pretty commonly used for parallel keyboards of the time. I seem to recall the MM5740AAF as most commonly used for ASCII encoded parallel keyboards. Note also, that these keyboard encoder chips were dual supply, requiring both 5V and a -12V supply. So you might also want to check both power supply voltages are good.

Love the Beagle Bros shirt! They had the best ads with all sorts of little snippets of code.

Love watching your videos. I went to DeVry, (Ohio Institute of Technology), '79-'81. The Apple II just came out as did the TRS-80 Model 1. The school didn't teach much computer stuff back then because PC's were so new. They did have a Data Processing class where they would feed code into an IBM mainframe via punch cards and then run their code. We also had a room of terminals that ran a version of BASIC that was written by one of my teachers. My first computer was the APF Imagination Machine. I was in my first year at DeVry so I knew very little about actual theory and troubleshooting. When I first unboxed and plugged the computer in, it would run for a minute or so then shut down. Being the geek I was, I pinpointed a device in a TO-220 package that was loosely attached to a heatsink. My first thought was, "how is that going to work if it can't dissipate the heat? So, I snugged up the screw and I was in business! I'm thinking it was a regulator. Your videos bring back some fond memories. I had a couple C-64's, an Amiga 500 and an A1200 which I loved. I had the GVP sidecar for the A1200 with a 120MB drive in it! I also had the upgraded Agnus chip and the 2.0 Kickstart ROM.

Nice job, as usual!

Apple did some pretty amazing things especially back in the early days. Great video!

That beep that the Apple II makes brings back memories. That was the first computer I had used and I was 5 at the time. Oh and there were certain programs that would only run when the disk controller card was indeed in slot 6.

I worked on these when they were new (8th grade) and they commonly had to be opened up and have all the chips reseated. Right away when I saw the monitor I was shouting at the screen "3D0G!!!" which is another way to get back to basic. It was the procedure before the autobot rooms came out - turn on -> 3D0G -> PR#6 and then you'd be booted.

Nice vid!! Thanks!!

Still love it even with the issues!

I think typing "6 control-P" in the Apple ][ monitor should boot the disk in slot 6. Easier than switching to BASIC and doing "PR#6".

Really great job Adrian ! I got a couple of russian Spectrum clones to fix, your videos are quite educating. Sigh

4:50: If you compare those velcro-ish pads on your friend's machine with those shown on the cover of The Apple II Circuit Description book (cf. 15:02), you can see that the latter appear to be plastic-riveted, which suggests a design change at some point, meaning this also was an issue back then. Not that this solves the issue, and I'm not sure whether the rivets or glue came first, but I thought I'd point it out. I mean, one way to solve the issue for sure would be to very carefully drill holes through both the pads and the case, and to use nuts and low-profile flat-head bolts and maybe washers to screw the pads down, but that mechanically sound solution would probably be unacceptable from an artefact preservation standpoint.

I seem to remember the drop fix, you dropped your PC onto a table to help the chips hopefully seat into the sockets. Gotta love it. Like the PC slap

Great video, Adrian!

“It freakin beeps!” Another one for the teeshirt :)

Loved my Apple IIc. Oregon Trail and Number Munchers hahah ! :-)

Nice fix Adrian. Takes me back to my neighbours gettin an Apple II Europlus (PAL) and playing Wizardry all weekend on it. I never played around the clock again though. Also played Wizardry 2 and 3. The Olympics game was a pain as it was too easy to hit reset even with the strong spring in the later model. Eventually the reset key flew across the room when the retaining lugs sheared off.

One of my first troubleshooting steps with digital equipment is to check the resistance readings of the voltage rails at the power connector and compare to a known good unit if available before the first power up. That way you can minimize the chance of releasing the smoke that’s sealed into the parts if it turns out to have a short in it.

excelente, saludos cordiales desde BUENOS AIRES (ARGENTINA)

That's the first time I've seen the inside of an original Apple ][ since I was in 5th grade, in 1978. Ours had a Basic board, so it dropped right into Basic on power up. We were so happy when we got the disc controller and a floppy drive, because loading cassettes SUCKS.

I and probably other people find annoying there's light coming from top over you and theres a light t-shirt or shirt and the camera darkens your face. Otherwise, another EXCELLENT video where you go through things and we love.

Those keys look fantastic

I loved these Apples when I was in school, and when my brother got a //c later. Coleco Adams are cool too...

I love the Apple ][ videos.

The way you siaf "I'm gonna deoxit that socket" made me laugh. Stay you.

Hi Adrian, in monitor just use "c600g" (slot 6), another way type "6, then CTRL+K (or P)+Enter". Regard of the hot chip, as I remember when 1982 summer holiday, I need to put a fan to blow the RAM chips or hang up every 20 minutes, and I did not have original Apple ][+ but a clone.

I have a couple of these. Sold a third one. Should have kept it. They keep going up in value

"KRACKED BY MR. KRAC-MAN" As a kid, I learned how to program and played video games on an Apple II+ (clone). As an adult, I remained an avid Apple II enthusiast. I've repaired and restored many units. I've built replicas. But in all those many years with Apple II ... I have only seen a handful of software disks/tapes which were legit original purchased copies. 99% of the software was cracked and pirated.

That must be a pretty early one if it doesn't have the autostart ROM. A bit of googling suggests that came in November of '78. Love your videos Adrian!